高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day 64.docx

高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day 64.docx

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高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day64

高考英语阅读理解强化训练Day64

Passage1

Exposinglivingtissuetosubfreezingtemperaturesforlongcancausepermanentdamage.Microscopicicecrystals（结晶体）cutcellsandseizemoisture（潮气）,makingdonororgansunsuitablefortransplantation.Thus,organscanbemadecoldforonlyafewhoursaheadofaprocedure.Butasetoflastingnewantifreezecompounds（化合物）—similartothosefoundinparticularlyhardy（耐寒的）animals—couldlengthenorgans’shelflife.

　　ScientistsattheUniversityofWarwickinEnglandwereinspiredbyproteinsinsomespeciesofArcticfish,woodfrogsandotherorganismsthatpreventbloodfromfreezing,allowingthemtoflourishinextremecold.Previousresearchhadshownthesenaturalantifreezemolecules（分子）couldpreserveratheartsat‘1.3degreesCelsiusforupto24hours.Buttheseproteinsareexpensivetoextract（提取）andhighlypoisonoustosomespecies.“Foralongtimeeveryoneassumedyouhadtomakesynthetic（人造的）alternativesthatlookedexactlylikeantifreezeproteinstosolvethisproblem,”saysMatthewGibson,achemistatWarwickwhoco’authoredthenewresearch.“Butwefoundthatyoucandesignnewmoleculesthatfunctionlikeantifreezeproteinsbutdonotnecessarilylooklikethem.”

　　Mostnaturalantifreezemoleculeshaveamixtureofregionsthateitherattractorrepelwater.Scientistsdonotknowexactlyhowthisprocesspreventsicecrystalformation,butGibsonthinksitmightthrowwatermoleculesintopushpullchaosthatpreventsthemfromtuningintoice.Tocopythismechanism,heandhiscolleaguessynthesizedspiralshapedmoleculesthatweremostlywaterrepellent—buthadironatomsattheircentersthatmadethemhydrophilic,orwater’oving.Theresultingcompoundsweresurprisinglyeffectiveatstoppingicecrystalsfromforming.SomewerealsoharmlesstotheroundwormCaenorhabditiselegans,indicatingtheymightbesafeforotheranimals.

　　“Thesecompoundsarereallycoolbecausetheyarenotproteins—theyareothertypesofmoleculesthatnonethelesscandoatleastpartofwhatnaturalantifreezeproteinsdo,”saysClaradoAmaral,abiologistatMountSt.JosephUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch.Gibson’santifreezecompoundswillstillneedtobetestedinhumans,however,andmaybeonlypartofasolution.“Wedon’thavethewholepictureyet,”doAmaraladds.“It’snotjustonemagicalcompoundthathelpsfreeze’tolerantorganismssurvive.It’sawholesuiteofadaptations.

1.Whatwillhappeniforgansarekeptforalongtimeintemperaturesbelowzero？

________

A.Theywillhaveicecrystalformationinside.

B.Theywillnotsufferpermanentdamage.

C.Theywillhavelongershelflife.

D.Theywillbefitfortransplantation.

2.Whatcanwelearnaboutnaturalantifreezeproteins？

________

A.TheylooklikeGibson’santifreezecompounds.

B.Theyarecomposedofantifreezemoleculesharmlesstootherspecies.

C.Theyarespiral’shapedandhaveironatomsattheircenters.

D.Theycanbefoundinorganismslivinginfreezingcoldweather.

3.Howareantifreezemoleculespreventedfromicecrystals？

________

A.Bycreatingcompoundsbothwater’repellentandwater’loving.

B.Byextractingtheproteinsfromsomehardyanimals.

C.Bymakingsyntheticalternativeslikeantifreezeproteins.

D.Bycopyingspiral’shapedmoleculesmostlywater’resistant.

4.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

________

A.Push’pullchaosmightpreventwatermoleculesfromturningintoice.

B.Thefinalsolutiontopreservingdonororganshasbeenfoundrecently.

C.ChemicalsinspiredbyArcticanimalscouldlengthenorgans’shelflife.

D.Gibson’santifreezecompoundscandowhatnaturalantifreezeproteinsdo.

Passage2

　　Sudoku（数独）puzzlesgiveyourbrainahardtime:

Everynumberfrom1to9mustappearineachoftheninehorizontal（横向的）rows,ineachofthenineverticalcolumnsandineachofthenineboxes.

　　Formanyofus,thiscanbeareasonforaheadache,butintheveryrarecaseofaGermanman,aSudokupuzzleevencausedseizures（痉挛）.

　　InanewcasestudyfromtheUniversityofMunich,publishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,Dr.BerendFeddersenintroducesastudentwhowas25yearsoldwhenhewasburiedbyasnowslideduringaskitour.For15minutes,hedidn'tgetenoughoxygen,whichseverelydamagedcertainpartsofhisbrain."Hehadtoreceivetreatmentonthescene.Luckilyhesurvived,"saysFeddersen,theauthorofthestudy.

　　Weeksaftertheaccident,whentheyoungmanwasreadyforrecoverytreatment,somethingbizarrehappened:

WhenthepatientsolvedSudokupuzzles,hesuddenlyhadseizuresofhisleftarm—somethingthemedicalworldhadn'tseenbefore.

　　Feddersenexplains:

"InordertosolveaSudoku,thepatientusedpartsofhisbrainwhichareresponsibleforvision’spacetasks.Butexactlythosebrainpartshadbeendamagedintheaccidentandthencausedtheseizuresoncetheywereused."

　　Thisparticularcaseisanexampleofwhatdoctorscallreflexepilepsy（反射性癫痫）,accordingtoDr.JacquelineFrench,professorfromNYULangoneSchoolofMedicine.

　　"Youhavetohaveaninjuryofyourbrainfirst,andthenseizureslikethatcanhappen,"shesays.

　　Inthemeantime,thepatientfromthecasestudystoppedsolvingSudokupuzzlesforeverandhasbeenseizurefreeformorethanfiveyears."Fortunately,hecandocrosswordpuzzles.Heneverhadproblemswiththose,"Feddersensays.

1.Intheaccident,thestudent________.

A.begantoexperienceseizuresinhisleftarm

B.gotthevision’spacepartofhisbraindamaged

C.hadtobesenttohospitalassoonaspossible

D.foundhisSudokuabilityseriouslyweakened

2.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat________.

A.themancannotcompletecrosswordpuzzlesnow

B.itisSudokuplayingthatbringsabouthisseizures

C.theman'ssymptomsarecommonandwidelyobserved

D.theseizurescausemuchtroubletotheman'sdailylife

3.Thistextcanbebestdescribedas________.

A.amedicaltest

B.awarningtoskiers

C.anewsreport

D.aresearchpaper

Passage3

Goldie'sSecret

SheturnedupatthedoorstepofmyhouseinCornwall.NowaycouldIhavesentheraway.Noway,notmeanyway.Maybesomeonehadkickedheroutoftheircarthenightbefore.“We'removinghouse.”“Nospaceforheranymorewiththebabycoming.”“Weneverreallywantedher,butwhatcouldwehavedone?

Shewasapresent.”Peoplefindallsortsofexcusesforabandoningananimal.AndshewasoneofthemostbeautifuldogsIhadeverseen.

IcalledherGoldie.IfIhadknownwhatwasgoingtohappenIwouldhavegivenheramorecreativename.Shewassounsettledduringthosefirstfewdays.Shehardlyateanythingandhadsuchanairofsadnessabouther.TherewasnothingIcoulddotomakeherhappy,itseemed.Heavenknowswhathadhappenedtoheratherpreviousowner's.Buteventuallyattheendofthefirstweekshecalmeddown.Alwaysbymyside,whetherwewereoutononeofourlongwalksorsittingbythefire.

That'swhyitwassuchashockwhenshepulledawayfrommeonedaywhenwewereoutforawalk.Wewerealongwayfromhome,whenshestartedbarkingandgettingveryrestless.EventuallyIcouldn'tholdheranylongerandsheracedoffdowntheroadtowardsafarmhouseinthedistanceasfastasshecould.

BythetimeIreachedthefarmIwasverytiredandupsetwithGoldie.ButwhenIsawherlicking（舔）thefourpuppies（幼犬）Istartedtofeelsympathytowardsthem.“Wedidn'tknowwhathadhappenedtoher,”saidthewomanatthedoor.“Itookherforawalkoneday,soonafterthepuppieswereborn,andshejustdisappeared.”“Shemusthavetriedtocomebacktothemandgotlost,”addedaboyfrombehindher.

ImustadmitIdomissGoldie,butI'vegotNuggetnow,andshelooksjustlikehermother.AndI'velearntagoodlesson:

nottojudgepeople.

1.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutGoldiewhenGoldiecametothehouse?

A.Shocked.B.Sympathetic.C.Annoyed.D.Upset.

2.Inherfirstfewdaysattheauthor'shouse,Goldie______.

A.feltworriedB.wasangry

C.atealittleD.satbythefire

3.Goldierushedofftoafarmhouseonedaybecauseshe______.

A.sawherpuppiesB.heardfamiliarbarkings

C.wantedtoleavetheauthorD.foundherwaytoheroldhome

4.Thepassageisorganizedinorderof______.

A.timeB.effectivenessC.importanceD.complexity

Passage4

IstartedreadingShakespearewhenIwasnine,aftermygrandfather,anactor,sentmeacopyofRomeoandJuliet.Thestoryandthelanguageattractedme.IfoundoutaboutShakespeareGlobeCentreNewZealand（SGCNZ）andstartedvolunteeringforthemwhenIwasabout10.WhenIwas13,ImanagedtorunafilmprojectwithSGCNZ.

I’mhome-educatedandapart-timecorrespondencestudent（函授生）aswell.Wehaveadramagroupmadeupofquiteafewpeoplewhoarealsohome-educated.I’vealsojoinedWellingtonYoungActors,ayouththeatrecompany.Therearemanysimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenbeinghome-educatedandattendingafive-dayprogramme.Ilovehearingotherstudents’reactionswhenmeetingthemandsharemydifferentwaysofexperiencingtheworldwiththem.WhileexplainingthewayIlearncanbeachallenge,Ilovehelpingpeopletounderstandthereisn’tjustonewayoflearning.

Beinghome-educatedhasofferedmethefreedomtohaveanindividualizededucationandtopursuemypassions.MyeducationhasalwaysbeenaboutmakingthosefocusesbutIdolotsofthesamethingsaspeoplewhoattendfive-dayprogramsdo.ShakespeareisagreatapproachtolotsofthingsaroundEnglish,historyandthearts.Ithinksomethingyoulearnwhenyouperformisconnection.Youhavetohaveaconnectionwithyourfellow