英语高考英语阅读理解答题技巧及练习题含答案.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解答题技巧及练习题含答案
(英语)高考英语阅读理解答题技巧及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Severalyearsago,Ibeganaskingmyfriendsandfamilytotellmesomethingabouttheirpasswords.Yes,Iunderstandwhypasswordsareuniversallyhated:
thepressuretheyputonourmemoryandtheendlessdemandtoupdatethem.Ihatethemtoo.Butthereismoretopasswordsthantheirannoyance.Inthefactthatweconstructthemsothatwecanrememberthem,theytakeonsecretlives.
TherewasaformerprisonerwhosepasswordincludeswhatusedtobehisprisonIDnumbertoconstantlytellhimnottogoback.Andtherewasachildless45-year-oldwomanwhosepasswordisthenameofthebabyshelostinher25(herwayoftryingtokeephimalive,Iguess).
Sometimesthepasswordswereplayful.Severalpeoplesaidtheyused"incorrect"fortheirssothatwhentheyforgotit,thesoftwareautomaticallypromotedthemwiththerightone("yourpasswordisincorrect").
Somepasswordswerestrikingfortheiruniqueness.AfterreadingSherylSandberg'sbookLeanin:
Women,WorkandtheWilltoLead,CortniKerr,arunningpartnerofmine,foundherrolemodelandbeganusing"Wwssdol9",whichstoodfor"WhatwouldSherylSandbergdo"plus"19"fortheyear(2019)ofthepassword'screation."TnsitTpsif"wasthepasswordofanotherfriend,acomputerscientistwholoveswordplay.Itstoodfor"Thenextsentenceistrue.Theprevioussentenceisfalse".Formyfriend,itwasaplayfulreferencetotheknotsthatlanguagecantie.
The4622thatmywifeusedinherpasswordswasnotjusttheaddressofherfather'schildhoodhomebutalsoareminderofhisstrength.Apparently,whentheformer120kgfootballstandoutwasasmallboy,hehadtosinghishomeaddress(4622South28thWestAvenue)inonefullbreathratherthantrytosayitnormally.Otherwise,hisstutter(口吃)wouldembarrasshim.
(1)WhydidtheprisonerusehisprisonIDnumberinhispassword?
A.Torebuildhisreputation.
B.Toremindhimtoactlegally.
C.Tofightagainsthispoormemory.
D.Tohidetheunpleasantexperience.
(2)WhatdidCortniKerrthinkofSherylSandberg'sbook?
A.Doubtful.
B.Interesting.
C.Creative.
D.Inspiring.
(3)Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Thereasonswhypeoplehatepasswords.
B.Theunusualpasswords.
C.Thesecretlivesofpasswords.
D.Thebestwaystomakeyourpasswordsunique.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)D
(3)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。
不同的人设定密码也包含着不同的意义,也揭示了一些秘密。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“TherewasaformerprisonerwhosepasswordincludeswhatusedtobehisprisonIDnumbertoconstantlytellhimnottogoback.”可知这名坐过牢的囚犯用自己的监狱身份证号作为密码主要是提醒自己不要回到过去(不在犯罪)。
因此选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“CortniKerr,arunningpartnerofmine,foundherrolemodelandbeganusing‘Wwssdol9’,whichstoodfor‘WhatwouldSherylSandbergdo’plus'19’fortheyear(2019)ofthepassword'screation.”可知CortniKerr读完SherylSandberg'sbook的书后,找到到了自己的榜样,由此判断出CortniKerr认为SherylSandberg的书很激励人心。
故选D。
(3)考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知,本文介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。
不同的人设定密码也包含着不同的意义,也揭示了一些秘密。
选项C.Thesecretlivesofpasswords.“密码里的人生秘密”为短文的最佳标题。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Thereareatleast3,000milesofwaterwaysinBritain.Onthesecanalsandrivers,thereareover30,000'houseboats'—boatsthatpeopleuseashomes.Around10,000ofthemarelocatedinLondon.
TheearliestpopulationsofBritain's'boatpeople'havebeenlivingonthewatersincethecanalswerebuiltduringtheindustrialrevolution.Sincethen,houseboatlivinghasusuallyattractedpeoplewhoprefertoliveanalternativelifestyle.Houseboatcommunitiesaretypicallymadeupofpeoplewhoarelookingforaslowerwayoflifeandwhowanttobeintouchwithnature.
Livingonthewatersoundsromantic,butitisalsohardwork.Therearedailythingsthatneedtobedone,likebringingfuelandwateronboardanddealingwith'waste'waterfromkitchensink,showerandtoilet.Inwinter,livingonaboatcanbeverycoldandthereisalwaysafeelingofdamp.Ofcourse,mostboatsarequitesmallinside,soyoudon'thavemuchspace,especiallyifyouareacouple,familyoragroupoffriends.
Despitethesedifficulties,thenumberofpeoplelivingonBritain'swaterwayshasincreasedbyaround50percentoverthepasttenyears.Moreandmorefamiliesandyoungprofessionalsaremovingontohouseboats,notonlybecausetheyliketheideaoflifeonwater,butalsobecauseitismuchcheapertobuyorrentaboatthanaflatorahouse.
Thereisagreatsenseofcommunityonthewaterways;manyboatpeoplesaythattheirneighboursarealwaysreadytohelpthem,andhouseboatneighboursoftenbecomefriendsforlife.Thisisquiteadifferentstoryfrompeoplewholiveinflatsorhousesandmayhardlyknowthepeoplenextdooratall.
(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"alternative"inparagraph2probablymean?
A.Creative.
B.Enjoyable.
C.Non—traditional.
D.Primitive.
(2)Fromthethirdparagraph,weknowthatitis toliveontheboat.
A.inconvenient
B.easy
C.boring
D.unforgettable
(3)Whichofthefollowinginformationisnotgiveninthetext?
A.TherearelotsofriversandcanalsinBritain.
B.ManypeopleliveonhouseboatsinWales.
C.Houseboatlivingbecomepopularintheindustrialrevolution.
D.Peoplewholiveonhouseboatsareusuallyveryfriendlywiththeirneighbours.
(4)Whydomanypeoplechoosetoliveonthewater?
A.livingonthewaterisromantic
B.livingonthewateriseasyandnatural
C.livingonthewatercanavoidunfriendlyneighbours
D.livingonthewatercostslessthanlivingontheland
【答案】
(1)C
(2)A
(3)B
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式“船屋”。
(1)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“Houseboatcommunitiesaretypicallymadeupofpeoplewhoarelookingforaslowerwayoflifeandwhowanttobeintouchwithnature.”可知,游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的;再根据第一段中的“thereareover30,000'houseboats'—boatsthatpeopleuseashomes.”这些人以船为家的。
即他们以船为家,是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活,想要接触大自然。
这与传统的居住方式不同。
可知“Sincethen,houseboatlivinghasusuallyattractedpeoplewhoprefertoliveanalternativelifestyle”这句是说从工业革命起,游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人。
即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢“非传统的”生活方式的人。
选项C.Non—traditional(非传统的)符合题意,故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Livingonthewatersoundsromantic,butitisalsohardwork.”可知,在水上生活听起来很浪漫,但也很辛苦;以及“Therearedailythingsthatneedtobedone,....Inwinter,livingonaboatcanbeverycoldandthereisalwaysafeelingofdamp.Ofcourse,mostboatsarequitesmallinside,....”比如带上燃料和水,要处理“废水”等。
冬天住在船上很冷,总有一种潮湿感。
当然,大多数的船里面都很小.......。
由这些例子可知,生活在船上是极不方便的。
故选A。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第一段“Thereareatleast3,000milesofwaterwaysinBritain.Onthesecanalsandrivers,...Around10,000ofthemarelocatedinLondon.”可知英国有许多河流和运河,其中大约10000个位于伦敦。
可知A项正确;第二段中的“TheearliestpopulationsofBritain's'boatpeople'havebeenlivingonthewatersincethecanalswerebuiltduringtheindustrialrevolution.Sincethen,houseboatlivinghasusuallyattractedpeoplewhoprefertoliveanalternativelifestyle....”自工业革命时期修建运河以来,英国最早的“船民”一直生活在水上。
从那时起,游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人,即说游艇生活在工业革命中变得流行起来,可知C项正确;以及最后一段中的“manyboatpeoplesaythattheirneighboursarealwaysreadytohelpthem,andhouseboatneighboursoftenbecomefriendsforlife.”许多船民说,他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们,而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友,可知D项正确。
综合可知B项文章中没有提及,故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“Moreandmorefamiliesandyoungprofessionalsaremovingontohouseboats,notonlybecausetheyliketheideaoflifeonwaterbutalsobecauseitismuchcheapertobuyorrentaboatthanaflatorahouse.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住,这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活,还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。
可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.Directions:
Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
Takingyourpulseduringphysicalactivityallowsyoutomeasurehowhardyouareexercising.Youshouldexercisetostaywithinyourtargetheartrange.
Increasingyourheartrateisakeypartofexercisebutitisimportantthatyourheartrateisnottoohighortoolow.Ifyouareabeginner,youshouldalsobeabletobreathecomfortablywhileexercising.Thiswillensurethatyouareexercisingatalevelthatissafeandeffectiveforyourbody.
Thechartbelowillustratestargetheartraterangesforexercisebasedonthemaximalheartrateforselectedages.Herearethestepsforusingthechart:
(1)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Exerciseintensitycanbereflectedbyaperson'sheartrate.
B.Thefasteryourheartrateis,themoreeffectivetheexerciseis.
C.Vigorousexercisewilldefinitelypresentathreattopeople'ssafety.
D.Thetargetexerciseheartraterangefora45-year-oldis90–149BPM.
(2)A34-year-oldmanisrunningandthenumberofpulseshetakesfor15secondsis40.
Hisfitnesscoachhadbettertellhim_____________.
A."Youaredoingfine."
B."Youcanrunfaster."
C."Youshouldslowdownabit."
D."Youshoulddrinksomewater."
(3)Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?
A.Toadvisepeopletoformahabitoftakingtheirpulseswhileexercising.
B.Toinformpeopleofthetargetheartratezoneforthoseaged60andunder.
C.Totellpeopletheimportanceofmaintainingmoderateamountofexercise.
D.Toshowpeoplehowtomeasureheartratetokeepproperexerciseintensity.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段“Takingyourpulseduringphysicalactivityallowsyoutomeasurehowhardyouareexercising.Youshouldexercisetostaywithinyourtargetheartrange.”及表格上的数据可知,一个人的心率可以反映运动强度。
故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据表格中给的测量心率的方法可知,此人的每分钟的心率是40*4=160,结合数据表格,年龄34从35岁那一栏可知,大于百分之85,根据图表说明可知,属于剧烈运动,因此他的健康教练应该告诉他放慢一点。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两