学年新素养导学英语课件讲义 精练 44.docx

学年新素养导学英语课件讲义 精练 44.docx

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学年新素养导学英语课件讲义精练44

PeriodFour　Grammar—TheAttributiveClause

（prep.＋which/whom）

感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题

1．However，afterayearorsoinwhichtheybecamemoreseriousabouttheirwork，theMonkeesstartedtoplayandsingtheirownsongslikearealband.

2．Theymaystartasagroupofhighschoolstudents，forwhompractisingtheirmusicinsomeone’shouseisthefirststeptofame.

3．Latertheymaygiveperformancesinpubsorclubs，forwhichtheyarepaidincash.

4．Themusiciansweretoplayjokesoneachotheraswellasplaymusic，mostofwhichwasbasedlooselyontheBeatles.

5．Haveyoueverdreamedofplayinginfrontofthousandsofpeopleataconcert，atwhicheveryoneisclappingandappreciatingyourmusic?

6.Theyproducedanewrecordin1996，withwhichtheycelebratedtheirformertimeasarealband.

1．以上六个句子都使用了“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。

先行词若指物，那么介词后的关系代词用which；若指人，则用whom。

2．以上六个句子中，第1句是限制性定语从句，第2～6句是非限制性定语从句。

一、基本构成

在“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物用which，指人用whom，不可用that或who代替。

TherecomesTom，forwhomIhavebeenwaitinganhourorso.汤姆来了，我等了他大约一个小时。

HehandedmeapenwithwhichIwrotedownhisphonenumber.

他递给我一支钢笔，我用它记下了他的电话号码。

Theuniversityinwhichmybrotheroncestudiedisveryfamous.我哥哥曾经就读的大学很有名气。

二、介词不能提前的情况

有些固定动词短语中的介词一般不能提前。

常见的这类动词短语有listento，lookat，dependon，lookfor，payattentionto，takecareof，lookafter，takepartin，callon，catchupwith，getalongwith，hearof，lookforwardto等。

Thismustbethekeythatsheislookingfor.

这一定是她正在寻找的那把钥匙。

Thisisthebabywhomyouwilllookafter.

这就是你将要照看的那个婴儿。

Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatweheardof.

我们经常谈论我们听说的人和事。

三、“介词＋关系代词”的拓展

1．复杂介词＋关系代词

用于该结构中的关系代词有which，whom和whose。

常用的复杂介词有becauseof，infrontof，asaresultof，atthebackof等。

Hewasbadlyhurtintheaccident，becauseofwhichhedidn’tgotowork.

他在事故中严重受伤。

因此，他没去上班。

Theyarrivedatafarmhouse，infrontofwhichsataboy.他们来到一座农舍，农舍前面坐着一个男孩。

2．表部分或整体概念的“代词＋of＋关系代词”

表示部分与整体概念的代词有both，all，neither，none，either，some，any，most，few，half等。

Chinahaslotsofislands，oneofwhichisHainanIsland.中国有很多岛屿，其中之一是海南岛。

Theoldmanhasthreesons，allofwhomcareabouthim.那位老人有三个儿子，他们都很关心他。

3．the＋名词＋of＋关系代词

此结构用来代替“whose＋名词”，也可用“ofwhichthe＋名词”。

Theydoexperimentsinalab，thewindowsofwhich/ofwhichthewindows/whosewindowsfacesouth.

他们在窗户朝南的实验室里做实验。

Iwilltalktothosestudentsthehomeworkofwhom/whosehomework/ofwhomthehomeworkhasn’tbeendone.我要和没完成作业的学生谈话。

4．关系副词when，where，why可用“介词＋which”来代替

Ioftenthinkofthemomentwhen（＝atwhich）IsawtheUFO.

我常常想起我看见不明飞行物的那一刻。

Thepolicesearchedthehousewhere（＝inwhich）thethiefhadstayed.

警察搜查了那个小偷待过的房子。

Idon’tknowthereasonwhy（＝forwhich）heperformedbadly.我不知道他为什么表现差。

四、theway后定语从句的关系词

way表示“方法，方式”时，其后的定语从句有两种情况：

1．theway的关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，用that和which均可，作宾语时可省略。

Theway（that/which）hethoughtoftopreventtheairpollutionwasverygood.

他想出的防止空气污染的方法非常好。

（关系词代替theway在定语从句中用作thoughtof的宾语）

2．theway的关系词在定语从句中作方式状语时，用that或inwhich均可，现代英语倾向于省略关系词。

Idon’tliketheway（that/inwhich）youspeaktoyourmother.我不喜欢你同你母亲说话的方式。

单句语法填空

1．InPhiladelphia,theartshaveaneconomicimpact（经济效应）ofalmost$3billionandsupport44,000jobs,80percentofwhichactuallylieoutsidetheartsindustry.（2018·江苏）

2．Manyyoungpeople，mostofwhomwerewelleducated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.（2016·江苏）

3．Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneofwhichhasbeenproved.（2016·浙江）

4．Someexpertsthinkreadingisthefundamentalskilluponwhichschooleducationdepends.（2015·安徽）

5．Creatinganatmosphereinwhichemployeesfeelpartofateamisabigchallenge.（2015·浙江）

Ⅰ.用适当的介词填空

1．I’vecomeacrossasituationinwhicheveryoneisbusyovertheirownbusiness.

2．Thecarranintoacrowdofmiddleschoolstudents，twoofwhomweresenttohospitalimmediately.

3．Thisisthereasonforwhichhehasbeenremoved.

4．ThisisthefarmonwhichIstudiedtheinsectsthreeyearsago.

5．Hewrotealetterinwhichheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.

6．Sheshowedthevisitorsaroundthemuseum，theconstructionofwhichhadtakenmorethanthreeyears.

7．ThehouseinwhichIgrewuphasbeentakendownandreplacedbyanofficebuilding.

8．Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool，afterwhichhewentontoBeijingUniversity.

9．Ihavetoldthemthereason，forwhichIdidn’tattendthemeeting.

10．Thecolourlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.

Ⅱ.单句改错（每小题仅有1处错误）

11．Ihaveanewbook，thecoverof

isverynice.

12．Thegirlhasafewfriends，oneof

isalawyer.

13．Thereisn’taperson

whomshecanturnforhelp.

14．Icannotremembertheage

whichhewontheprize.

15．Thegirl，

whomherparentsareproud，hasgonetotheUSA.

基础巩固

Ⅰ.用“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句把下面两个句子合成一个句子

1．Theboywasoftenlateforschool.Thereasonisstillunknown.

Thereasonforwhichtheboywasoftenlateforschoolisstillunknown.

2．RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase.Itspricewasveryreasonable.

RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase，thepriceofwhichwasveryreasonable.

3．Ihaveboughttwobooksrecently.Neitheroftheminterestsmybrother.

Ihaveboughttwobooksrecently，neitherofwhichinterestsmybrother.

4．Theyclimbeduptoalargerock.Theygotagoodviewfromit.

Theyclimbeduptoalargerock，fromwhichtheygotagoodview.

5．IwouldliketothankmyEnglishteacher.Iwouldhaveneverpassedthecollegeentranceexaminationwithouther.

IwouldliketothankmyEnglishteacher，withoutwhomIwouldhaveneverpassedthecollegeentranceexamination.

6．Johnsonhasnowmovedbacktothevillage.Hewasbornthere.

Johnsonhasnowmovedbacktothevillageinwhichhewasborn.

7．Thepenisbroken.Idomyhomeworkwithiteveryday.

ThepenwithwhichIdomyhomeworkeverydayisbroken.

8．Heisnowabletobeathisfather.Helearnedhowtoplaychessfromhisfather.

Heisnowabletobeathisfather，fromwhomhelearnedhowtoplaychess.

Ⅱ.用“介词＋关系代词”完成句子

9．Asaresult，Ihadnochoicebuttocompletelyfocusonmystudy，forwhichIamverysorry.

结果，我别无选择只好完全投入到我的学习中去，我为此感到非常遗憾。

10．I’llneverforgetthedayonwhichIstartedhighschool.

我永远都不会忘记开始上高中的那一天。

11．Myfathergavemesomeextramoney，withwhichIboughtsomebooks.

父亲给我一些额外的钱，用这些钱我买了一些书。

12．IamveryfamiliarwiththeschoolinwhichIhaveworkedfortwentyyears.

对于这所我已经工作了20年的学校，我非常熟悉。

13．Theyaretheverypeopletowhomyoucanalwaysturnforhelp.

他们就是你总是可以向其求助的人。

14．Hereliesonhisrelativesfromwhomheoftenborrowsmoney.

他依赖于经常借给他钱的亲戚。

能力提升

Ⅲ.阅读理解

（2018·吉林长春外国语学校高一上期中）

IreallylovemyjobbecauseIenjoyworkingwithsmallchildrenandlikethechallengesandawardsfromthejob.Ialsothinkmyworkisimportant.TherewasatimewhenIthoughtIwouldneverhavethatsortofcareer.

Iwasn’tanexcellentstudentbecauseIdidn’tdomuchschoolwork.InmyfinaltermIstartedthinkingwhatImightdoandfoundIdidn’thavemuchtooffer.IjustacceptedthatIwasn’tthetypetohaveacareer.

Ithenfoundmyselfajob—lookingaftertwolittlegirls.Itwasn’ttoobadatfirst.ButtheproblemsbeganwhenIagreedtolivein，sothatIwouldbethereifmybosshadtogooutforbusinessintheevening.WeagreedthatifIhadtoworkextrahoursoneweek，she’dgivemetimeoffthenext.Butunfortunately，itdidn’toftenworkout.Iwasgettingextremelytiredandfedup，becauseIhadtoomanylatenightsandearlymorningswiththechildren.

OneSunday，Iwasintheparkwiththechildren，andmetMeganwhousedtogotoschoolwithme.Itoldheraboutmysituation.ShesuggestedthatIshoulddoacourseandgetaqualification（资格证书）ifIwantedtoworkwithchildren.Ididn’tthinkIwouldbeacceptedbecauseIdidn’ttakemanyexamsinschool.Shepersuadedmetophonethelocalcollegeandtheywerereallyhelpful.MyexperiencecountedforalotandIgotonaparttimecourse.Ihadtoleavemyjobwiththefamily，andgotworkhelpingoutatakindergarten.

NowI’vegotafulltimejobthere.IshallalwaysbethankfultoMegan.IwishIhadknownearlierthatyoucouldhaveacareer，evenifyouaren’ttopoftheclassatschool.

语篇解读　作者通过讲述自己的经历说明：

即使你上学时不是优秀的学生，你也可以通过自己的努力而拥有一份职业。

15．Whatistheauthor’spresentjob?

A．Workingparttimeinacollege.

B．Takingcareofchildrenforafamily.

C．Helpingchildrenwiththeirschoolwork.

D．Lookingafterchildrenatakindergarten.

答案　D

解析　细节理解题。

根据最后一段第一句“NowI’vegotafulltimejobthere.”可知，there是指上段中的akindergarten。

故选D。

16．Whenstayingwiththetwogirls’family，theauthor.

A．waspaidforextrawork

B．oftenworkedlonghours

C．gotmuchhelpfromherboss

D．tookadayoffeveryotherweek

答案　B

解析　细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句中的“...becauseIhadtoomanylatenightsandearlymorningswiththechildren.”可知选B。

17．Whydidtheauthorleaveherfirstjob?

A．Shefoundafulltimejob.

B．Shewasfedupwithchildren.

C．Shedecidedtoattendaparttimecourse.

D．Sheneededarestafterworkingextrahours.

答案　C

解析　细节理解题。

根据第四段最后两句中的“...Igotonaparttimecourse.Ihadtoleavemyjobwiththefamily...”可知选C。

18．Whathastheauthorlearnedfromherownexperiences?

A．Lesssuccessfulstudentscanstillhaveacareer.

B．Qualificationsarenecessaryforacareer.

C．Hardworkmakesanexcellentstudent.

D．Onemustchoosethejobshelikes.

答案　A

解析　推理判断题。

文章在前两段写到由于她的功课不好，她便认为自己不会有份职业或事业，但是通过她的工作经历，她得出结论：

即使你在学校里不是一个优秀的学生，你也可以有份职业。

Ⅳ.完形填空

There’sasayingaboutelephantsthatgoes，“Elephantsneverforget.”Arecentonlinevideoholds19tothissaying，asababyelephantsavedamanfromdrowning.

ThefiveyearoldelephantwasnamedKhamLa.Themanshe“20”isDarrickThomson，hertrainer.

Darrick21toKhamLawhilehewasinarushingriveroftheElephantNaturePark，Thailand.KhamLa22toher