学年江苏省常州市高二下学期期中考试英语试题解析版.docx

学年江苏省常州市高二下学期期中考试英语试题解析版.docx

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学年江苏省常州市高二下学期期中考试英语试题解析版

江苏省常州市2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试

英语试题

一、阅读选择

Cornwallisdefinedbyitsmagnificentcoastlinewithover300milesofdunes（沙丘）,streamsandmedievalharbors--everymileaccessibleonfoot.Thereissurfingonthenorthcoastandsailingonthesouthandallkindsofwatereraftforhire.Tuckedawayinshelteredvalleysarethecounty'sfamoussub-tropical（亚热带的）gardensstockedwithspecimens（标本）fromfivecontinentscollectedbyVictorianplant-hunters.Manyhaveacountryhouseattached,whichisopentothepublicandhasactivitiesforchildrentokeepeveryoneengaged.

Thebeautiful,remoteLizardpeninsulasareCornwallinmicrocosm（缩略图）.Therearesandycoves（小海湾）thatcanbereachedonlyonfoot.Themoorland（高沼地）isrichinIronAgestandingstones,recoveredvillagesandforts（城堡）.Thereisalsoastrongcommunityofartistsandcraftworkers.VisitinthelastweekofMaywhenartistsopentheirstudios.

TheartisticlegacyofSt.Ives

Foroveracentury,thespecialqualityoflightherehasdrawnartiststoSt.Ives.Abstractworksinspiredbythisplacehavebeenpraisedworldwide.Tocelebratethislegacy,anextensiontoTateSt.Ivesopenedinlate2017.ThegallerycannowshowapermanentcollectionofworksbyHepworth,Nicholson,GaboandFrostaswellasseasonalexhibitions.

Insidertip:

Toseeexcellentworksbycontemporaryartists,visittheNewCraftsmanandtheBelgraveGalleryinForeStreet,aswellasthePenwithGalleryinBackRoadWest.

Tel:

01736796226

Website:

tate.org.uk

Openingtimes:

Daily,10am--5:

20pm

Price:

£26

Climbtothetopofatidalisland

Reachedonfootatlowtideacrossacauseway（堤道）,thisformermedievalmonastery（寺院）isnowhometotheSt.Aubynfamily.IthasbeencarefullyrestoredtoshowlifeontheSt.Michael’sMountinthe17thcentury.ThechapelhaswonderfulstainedglassandholdsservicesonSundays.Don’tmisstheterraced（阶梯状的）gardens.

Arriveat1pmforagardener-ledtourfromApriltoJune.

Insidertip:

Youcanwalkacrossthecausewayfor90minuteseithersideoflowtide.Otherwise,taketheferry.Checktidetimesatmetoffice.gov.uk/weather.

Tel:

01736710265

Website:

stmichaelsmount.co.uk

Openingtimes:

Sunday-Friday,10:

30am-5pm（MarchtoNovember）

Price:

£32（halfthepriceifyourchildisunder12;freeforchildrenunder4）

1．IfyouwanttoseeexcellentworksbycontemporaryartistsandwalkacrossthecausewaytoenjoythesceneryinCornwall,youshouldarrivethereat________.

A．5:

20pm,SundayB．4pm,Tuesday

C．5:

30am,MondayD．3pm,Saturday

2．HowmuchwillitcostifAlice,her11-year-oldsonandherthree-year-olddaughterwanttovisitalltherecommendedplacesinthearticle?

A．£87.B．£58.

C．£126.D．£100.

3．IfyouwanttoseeworksbyGaboandNicholson,youshouldgoto________.

A．theshelteredvalleysinCornwall

B．thefortsaroundLizardpeninsulas

C．TateSt.Ives

D．theBelgraveGalleryinForeStreet

【答案】

1．B

2．C

3．C

【分析】

这是一篇应用文。

文章介绍了康沃尔的两个著名景点的参观信息。

1．

细节理解题。

根据TheartisticlegacyofSt.Ives中“Openingtimes:

Daily,10am--5:

20pm（开放时间：

每天上午10点到下午5点20分）”和Climbtothetopofatidalisland中“Openingtimes:

Sunday-Friday,10:

30am-5pm（MarchtoNovember）（开放时间：

星期日至星期五上午10时30分至下午5时（三月至十一月））”可知，如果想看当代艺术家的优秀作品和走过堤道欣赏康沃尔的风景，应该在周二下午4点到达那里。

故选B项。

2．

细节理解题。

根据TheartisticlegacyofSt.Ives中“Price:

£26（价格：

£26）”和Climbtothetopofatidalisland中“Price:

£32（halfthepriceifyourchildisunder12;freeforchildrenunder4）（价格：

£32（12岁以下半价；4岁以下儿童免费））”可知，最后应该是26*3+32+32/2+0=126。

如果Alice和她11岁的儿子、3岁的女儿想要参观文章中推荐的所有地方，需要£126。

故选C项。

3．

细节理解题。

根据TheartisticlegacyofSt.Ives中“ThegallerycannowshowapermanentcollectionofworksbyHepworth,Nicholson,GaboandFrostaswellasseasonalexhibitions.（画廊现在可以展出Hepworth、Nicholson、Gabo和Frost的永恒收藏，以及季节性的展览）”可知，如果想看Gabo和Nicholson永恒的作品，应该去TateSt.Ives。

故选C项。

In2015worldleadersmeetinginParisagreedtomovetowardszeronetgreenhouse-gasemissionsinthesecondhalfofthiscentury.Thatisatallorder,andthebuildingindustrymakesiteventaller.Cement-makingaloneproduces6%oftheworld’scarbonemissions.Steel,halfofwhichgoesintobuildings,accountsforanother8%.Ifyoufactorinalloftheenergythatgoesintolighting,heatingandcoolinghomesandoffices,theworld’sbuildingsstarttolooklikeagiantenvironmentalproblem.

Governmentsintherichworldarenowtryingtopromotegreenerbehaviourbyobligingdeveloperstobuildnewprojectsto“zerocarbon”standards.FromJanuary1st2019allnewpublic-sectorbuildingsintheEuropeanUnionmustbebuiltto“nearlyzero-energy”standards.AllothertypesofbuildingswillfollowinJanuary2021.Governmentsineightfurthercountriesarebeinglobbiedtointroduceasimilarpolicy.

Thesestandardsarelessgreenthantheyseem.Windturbines（风力发电机）andsolarpanelsontopofbuildingslookgoodbutaremuchlessproductivethanwindandsolarfarms.Andthestandardsonlycounttheemissionsfromrunningabuilding,notthosebelchedoutwhenitwasmade.Thosearethoughttoaccountforbetween30%and60%ofthetotaloverastructure’slifetime.Buildingscanbecomegreener.Theycanusemorerecycledsteelandcanbeprefabricated（预制的）inoff-sitefactories,greatlyreducinglorryjourneys.Butnootherbuildingmaterialhasenvironmentalcredentialsasexcitingandoverlookedaswood.

Theenergyrequiredtoproducealaminatedwoodenbeam（梁）isone-sixthofthatrequiredforasteeloneofcomparablestrength.Whenamaturetreeiscutdown,anewonecanbeplantedtoreplaceit,capturingmorecarbon.Afterbuildingsaredemolished,oldbeamsandpanelsareeasytorecycleintonewstructures.Andforretrofittingolderbuildingstobemoreenergyefficient,woodisagoodinsulator（绝缘体）.Asoftwoodwindowframeprovidesnearly400timesasmuchinsulationasaplainsteeloneofthesamethicknessandoverathousandtimesasmuchasanaluminiumequivalent.

Governmentscanhelpnudgetheindustrytousemorewood,particularlyinthepublicsector—theconstructionindustry’sbiggestclient.Thatwouldhelpwood-buildingspecialistsachievegreaterscaleandlowercosts.

4．Whatcanbeinferredfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthefirstparagraph?

A．Thebuildingindustrymakeszeronetgreenhouse-gasemissionhardtorealize.

B．Thebuildingindustryismoreimportantthantheorder.

C．Thebuildingindustrymakestheordertallertoachieve.

D．ThebuildingindustrymakesthemeetinginParistallerthananyothermeeting.

5．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforusingwoodasbuildingmaterial?

A．Theenergyrequiredtoproduceawoodenbeamisone-sixthofthatrequiredforasteelone.

B．Whenamaturetreeiscutdown,anewonecangrowbyitself,capturingmorecarbon.

C．Oldbeamsareeasytorecycleintonewstructureafterdemolished.

D．Woodisabetterinsulatorthansteelandaluminum.

6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“nudge”meaninthelastparagraph?

A．Make.B．Push.

C．Discourage.D．Force.

7．Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A．Theworld'sbuildingslooklikeasevereenvironmentproblem.

B．Worldleadersagreedtomovetowardszeronetgreenhouse-gasemissions.

C．Usingmorewoodwouldhelpwood-buildingspecialistsachievelowercosts.

D．Theindustriesshouldusemorewoodtomaketheworldmoreenvironmental.

【答案】

4．A

5．B

6．B

7．D

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文。

文章主要讲述世界各国领导人会议同意在本世纪下半叶实现温室气体净零排放，但是建筑行业的环境问题很严重，很难实现温室气体净零排放，建议在建筑行业中多使用木头，比使用其他材料更环保。

4．

推理判断题。

根据文章第一段划线部分后面的“Cement-makingaloneproduces6percentoftheworld’scarbonemissions.Steel,halfofwhichgoesintobuildings,accountsforanother8percent.（单是水泥制造就能产生6%的世界碳排放。

钢铁，其中一半用于建筑，又占8%。

）”可知，水泥和钢铁的制造已经占了全球碳排放的6%和8%，如果再将所有的建造房屋所需的能源计算在内的话，建筑业肯定是占据碳排量最多的一个行业。

由此可知Thatisatallorder,andthebuildingindustrymakesiteventaller.这表明，世界领导人想要在21世纪后半叶实现零排放的目标是很难的。

故选A。

5．

细节理解题。

根据文章第四段的“Whenamaturetreeiscutdown,anewonecanbeplantedtoreplaceit,capturingmorecarbon.（当一棵成熟的树被砍倒时，可以种植一棵新的树来取代它，从而吸取更多的碳。

）”可知，砍掉一棵树之后人们会再种植一棵树来吸收碳，这只是在说明树的更新循环和对环境的好处，并不是它作为建筑材料的优势。

结合选项，A.生产木梁所用能量是生产钢筋所用能量的六分之一；C.旧梁拆除后很容易回用到新结构中；D.木材是比钢和铝更好的绝缘体。

这几项都是树木作为建筑材料的原因，故选B。

6．

词义猜测题。

文章开头提到世界各国领导人会议同意在本世纪下半叶实现温室气体净零排放，上文介绍了树木作为建筑材料对环境的好处，根据句中的“usemorewood（用更多的木材）”和划线前面的“Governmentscanhelp（政府可以帮忙）”可知，划线部分应该是政府推动这一举措，努力实现温室气体净零排放。

结合选项，A.制作；B.推动；C.阻止；D.强迫。

故选B。

7．

主旨大意题。

根据整篇文章的内容世界各国领导人会议同意在本世纪下半叶实现温室气体净零排放，但是建筑行业的环境问题很严重，很难实现温室气体净零排放，建议在建筑行业中多使用木头，比使用其他材料更环保。

可以推断出，文章着重强调在建筑业中多使用木头，比使用其他材料更环保。

结合选项，A.世界建筑业看起来是个很严重的问题；B.世界领导人同意零排放；C.使用更多的木材将有助于木材建造专家实现更低的成本；D.建筑业应该使用更多的木材才能更加环保。

故选D。

InChina,calligraphyoccupiesadistinguishedpositioninthefieldoftraditionalart.Ithasalwaysbeenmorethansimplyatoolforcommunication,butalsoameansofexpressingaperson'sinnerworldinanaestheticsense.

Chinesecalligraphyhasenduredformorethan2,000years.Inscribedonanimalbones,theoraclebonescriptistheearliestknownwritingformofChinesecharacters.Followingthechangesofdynasties,itevolvedintofivemainwaysofwriting,eachwithdifferenttechniques.WiththeunificationofChinabytheQinDynasty,thePrimeMinisterLiSi（?

—208BC）activelypromotedauniformpatternofwriting—thesealscript.IntheEasternHanDynasty,peoplesimplifiedthesealcharacters,whichhadmanystrokes,andcreatedtheofficialscript.Thenewcalligraphyappearstobemuchneater,turningtheroundstyleintoaflatone.

Today’smostpopularandinfluentialwritingstyle,theregularscript,firstcameintobeingbetweentheHanandWeidynasties.Justasthenameimplies,itfeaturesregularityandvariesfromtheflatfonttoasquareone.TheperiodwhentheregularscriptflourishedmostwasduringtheTangDynasty,whenYanZhenqing（708—784）andLiuGongquan（778—865）successivelyestablishedschoo