四级作文辅导材料 秦慈枫.docx

四级作文辅导材料 秦慈枫.docx

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四级作文辅导材料秦慈枫

写作总论

　写作部分考核的技能是：

A.思想表达

　1）表达中心思想

　2）表达重要或特定信息

　3）表达观点、态度等

B.篇章组织

　4）围绕所给的题目叙述、议论或描述，突出重点

　5）连贯地组句成段，组段成篇

C.语言运用

　6）运用恰当的词汇

　7）运用正确的语法

　8）运用合适的句子结构

　9）使用正确的标点符号

　10）运用衔接手段表达句间关系（如对比、原因、结果、程度、目的等）

D.写作格式

　11）运用正确的符合英语表达习惯的写作格式

四级作文词汇篇

⏹四级作文的词汇使用建议：

⏹1、尽量用四级词汇

⏹2、用词多样化

⏹3、多用同义词或近义词

⏹4、多用具体词，少用空洞词

⏹例如：

形容词

⏹Good:

marvelous,fabulous,gorgeous,spectacular,outstanding,distinguished,remarkable,superb,incredible,unbelievable,magnificent,charming,stunning,fantastic,terrific,excellent,great,wonderful,amazing,awesome

⏹Bad:

awful,terrible,dreadful,defective,faulty,imperfect,inadequate,poor,unsatisfactory,harmful,damaging,deleterious,hurtful,unhealthy,evil,immoral

⏹Clever:

brilliant,knowledgeable,intellectual,intelligent,excellent,bright,smart

⏹Happy:

delightful,glad,overjoyed,pleased,merry,joyful

⏹Beautiful:

charming,attractive,gorgeous,pretty,endearing,sweet,adorable,eye-catching,handsome,hot,cute,good-looking,lovable

⏹Clear:

obvious,apparent,comprehensible,evident,manifest,palpable,plain,recognizable,transparent,intelligible,plain,understandable,simple

⏹Angry:

annoyed,displeased,enraged,exasperated,mad（informal）,outraged,resentful...

动词

⏹Think（that）:

holdthe（opinion/belief/position/standpoint/idea）that,assume,believe,deem,reckon,argue,maintain,suppose,conceive,insist,beconvinced,tomyknowledge,frommypersonalperspective,asfarasIamconcerned,frommypointofview,frommyangle,consider,conceive

⏹Show:

convey,reveal,express,imply,clarify,signify,exemplify,illuminate,substantiate,demonstrate,display,disclose,indicate,means,explain

⏹Know:

realize,comprehend,identify,distinguish,discern,notice,perceive,recognize,see,understand,figureout,beacquaintedwith,befamiliarwith,

⏹Get:

acquire,attain,acquire,achieve,obtain,gain

⏹Increase:

magnify,expand,proliferate,mushroom,improve,enhance,advance

⏹Influence:

impact,affect,sway

⏹Stop:

halt,cease,conclude,end,pause,putanendto,quit,shutdown,terminate

⏹Give:

present,award,contribute,deliver,donate,grant,provide,supply

⏹Destroy:

ruin，crush,demolish,devastate,eradicate,shatter,wipeout,wreck,weaken,undermine

⏹Happen:

occur,takeplace

名词

⏹Problem:

issue,question,case,trouble,difficulty,dilemma.

⏹Meeting:

conference,discussion,assembly,congress,convention,gathering

⏹Advantage:

benefit,dominance,precedence,profit,superiority,merit

⏹Disadvantage:

shortcoming,weakness,inconvenience,drawback,deficiency,flaw

⏹downside,limitation.

⏹Life:

existence,conduct,lifestyle,wayoflife

常用表例证关系的过渡性词

⏹forexample,forinstance,asanexample,

⏹asanillustration,suchas,acaseinpointis¡,

⏹toillustrate,inparticular,specifically,

⏹namely,thatis,like,

⏹take…asanexample,etc.

表示让步关系过渡词

⏹although,however,nevertheless,inspiteof,

⏹itistrue…but,eventhough,but,

⏹grantedthat,yet,attheveryworst,

⏹admittedly,though,still

⏹afterall,ofcourse,clearly,andstill,etc.

常用表因果关系的过渡词语

⏹because,as,since,for,owingto,

⏹becauseof,dueto,onaccountof,

⏹asaresultof,forthereason,resultfrom,

⏹thus,so,hence,therefore,accordingly,

⏹consequently,forthisreason,onthataccount,

⏹asaconsequence,itfollowsthat…,

⏹resultin,contributeto…

四级作文常见连接词总结：

⏹1.表示时间顺序

　　first

　　after a few days

　　eventually

　　at that time

　　in the meantime

　　meanwhile

　　afterward

　　from then on 

四级作文常见连接词总结：

⏹2.表示递进（补充说明）关系

in addition

furthermore

what’s more

what’s worse

四级作文常见连接词总结：

⏹3.表示对比关系

whereas

⏹whileas

⏹opposedto

bycontrast

bycomparison

⏹

⏹四级高分的词汇搭配

经济的快速发展

therapiddevelopmentofeconomy

人民生活水平的显著提高/稳步增长

theremarkableimprovement/steadygrowthofpeople’slivingstandard

先进的科学技术

advancedscienceandtechnology

面临新的机遇和挑战

befacedwithnewopportunitiesandchallenges

四级高分的词汇搭配

人们普遍认为

Itiscommonlybelieved/recognizedthat…

社会发展的必然结果

theinevitableresultofsocialdevelopment

引起了广泛的公众关注

arousewidepublicconcern/drawpublicattention

不可否认

Itisundeniablethat…/Thereisnodenyingthat…

热烈的讨论/争论

aheateddiscussion/debate

有争议性的问题

acontroversialissue

完全不同的观点

atotallydifferentargument

有充分的理由支持

besupportedbysoundreasons

发挥着日益重要的作用

playanincreasinglyimportantrolein…

正如谚语所说

Astheproverbgoes

对…产生有利/不利的影响

exertpositive/negativeeffectson…

利远远大于弊

theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages

导致，引起

leadto/giveriseto/contributeto/resultin

复杂的社会现象

acomplicatedsocialphenomenon

责任感/成就感

senseofresponsibility/senseofachievement

竞争与合作精神

senseofcompetitionandcooperation

开阔眼界

widenone’shorizon/broadenone’svision

学习知识和技能

acquireknowledgeandskills

经济/心理负担

financialburden/psychologicalburden

考虑到诸多因素

takemanyfactorsintoaccount/consideration

从另一个角度

fromanotherperspective

做出共同努力

makejointefforts

为社会做贡献

makecontributionstothesociety

打下坚实的基础

layasolidfoundationfor…

综合素质

comprehensivequality

致力于/投身于

becommitted/devotedto…

不可推卸的义务

unshakableduty

满足需求

satisfy/meettheneedsof...

可靠的信息源

areliablesourceofinformation

宝贵的自然资源

valuablenaturalresources

方便快捷

convenientandefficient

在人类生活的方方面面

inallaspectsofhumanlife

社会进步的体现

asymbolofsocietyprogress

对这一问题持有不同态度

holddifferentattitudestowardsthisissue

支持前/后种观点的人

people/thoseinfavoroftheformer/latteropinion

在一定程度上

tosomeextent/degree/insomeway

理论和实践相结合

integratetheorywithpractice

日益激烈的社会竞争

theincreasinglyfiercesocialcompetition

眼前利益

immediateinterest/short-terminterest

长远利益

interestinthelongrun

有其自身的优缺点

…hasitsmeritsanddemerits/advantagesanddisadvantages

对…有害

doharmto/beharmfulto

交流思想/情感/信息

exchangeideas/emotions/information

跟上…的最新发展

keeppacewith/catchupwith/keepabreastwiththelatestdevelopmentof…

采取有效措施来…

takeeffectivemeasurestodosth.

…的健康发展

thehealthydevelopmentof…

对…观点因人而异

Viewson…varyfrompersontoperson.

重视

attachgreatimportanceto…

社会地位

socialstatus

把时间和精力放在…上

focustimeandenergyon…

扩大知识面

expandone’sscopeofknowledge

身心两方面

bothphysicallyandmentally

有直接/间接关系

bedirectly/indirectlyrelatedto…

提出折中提议

setforthacompromiseproposal

保障社会的稳定和繁荣

guaranteethestabilityandprosperityofoursociety

更多地强调

putmoreemphasison…

适应社会发展

adaptoneselftothedevelopmentofsociety

实现梦想

makeone’sdreamcometrue

主要理由列举如下

Themainreasonsarelistedasfollows

我们还有很长的路要走

Westillhavealongwaytogo

四级作文使用率最高的12个基本句式

 1．表示原因

   1）Therearethreereasonsforthis．

   2）Thereasonsforthisareasfollows．

   3）Thereasonforthisisobvious．

   4）Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek．

   5）Thereasonforthisisthat．．．

   6）Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat．．．

例如：

Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife．Firstly，people’slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved．Secondly，mostpeoplearewellpaid，andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike．Lastbutnotleast，moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife．

2．表示好处

  1）Ithasthefollowingadvantages．

  2）Itdoesusalotofgood．

 3）Itbenefitsusquitealot．

  4）Itisbeneficialtous．

  5）Itisofgreatbenefittous．

6）Itwillbeofgreathelpto…

例如：

     Booksarelikefriends．Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter，andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons．Therefore，readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous．

3．表示坏处

1）Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages．

2）Itdoesusmuchharm．

3）Itisharmfultous．

      例如：

   However，everythingdividesintotwo.Televisioncanalsobeharmfultous．Itcandoharmtoourhealthandmakeuslazyifwespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevision.

4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能

1）Itisimportant（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）forsb．todosth．

 2）Wethinkitnecessarytodosth．

 3）Itplaysanimportantroleinourlife．

例如：

   Computersarenowbeingusedeverywhere，whetherinthegovernment，inschoolsorinbusiness．Soon，computerswillbefoundineveryhome，too．WehavegoodreasontosaythatcomputersareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourlifeandwehavesteppedintotheComputerAge．

5．表示措施

 1）Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures．

 2）Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome（conquer）thedifficulties．

 3）Weshoulddoourutmostindoingsth．

 4）Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfronted（faced）with．

例如：

   Thehousingproblemthatweareconfrontedwithisbecomingmoreandmoreserious．Therefore，wemusttakesomeeffectivemeasurestosolveit．

6．表示变化

1）Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears．

2）Agreatchangewillcertainlybeproducedintheworld’scommunications．

3）Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation．

 例如：

 Somechangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears．Themajorreasonsforthesechangesarenotfartoseek．Nowadays，moreandmorepeopleareswitchingfromgraintomeatforprotein，andfromfruitandvegetabletomilkforvitamins．

7．表示事实、现状

1）Wecannotignorethefactthat．．．

2）Noonecandenythefactthat．．．

3）Thereisnodenyingthefactthat．．．

4）Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin．

5）However，that’snotthecase．

例如：

   Wecannotignorethefactthatindustrializationbringswithittheproblemsofpollution．Tosolvetheseproblems，wecanstartbyeducatingthepublicaboutthehazardsofpollution．Thegovernmentonitspartshouldalsodesignstricterlawstopromoteacleanerenv