英文标点符号的用法.docx
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英文标点符号的用法
英文标点符号的用法
英文標點符號的用法
英文之標點符號共有十五種,雖然中學生用的寫作種類不多,但是在聯考中亦不可因小失大,造成了標點符號的濫用、誤用,而在翻譯和作文中,因印象不好,冤枉地被扣去可貴的分數。
此外,了解各種標點的用法,在閱讀類型的測驗中,也是重要的解題關鍵之一,讀者切勿輕忽。
【一】句點（Period或FullStop）之主要用法,（?
）
1.敘述句的結尾
Englishismyfavoritesubject.
2.祈使句的結尾
Passmethesalt.
3.英文字的縮寫
theR.O.CtheU.S.AMr.Ph.D.
【二】問號（QuestionMark）之主要用法,（?
）
1.疑問句的結尾
Areyouahappygirl?
2.用於括弧內表不確定
Thewriterwasbornin1911（?
）anddiedin1977.
【三】驚嘆號（ExclamationMark）之用法,（，）
1.感嘆句的結尾
Whataprettyladysheis!
2.強烈的祈令（使）句的結尾
Getout!
Becareful!
【四】逗號（Comma）之主要用法,（,）
1.用來分開一系列片語或子句。
Ilikebananas,apples,oranges,andlemons.
Hecameintothehouse,tookoffthecoat,andthensitdown.
2.連接兩個對等子句,在and,or,but,so,nor,for等之前,但若句子很短,則
常省去逗點。
Itwasveryhot,andwefeltlikeswimming.
Hewassickbuthewasnotabsent.（對等子句短時,逗點常省略）
3.至於句首的副詞子句之後,但若子句很短常省去逗點
WhenIgrowup,Iwanttobeateacher.
4.直接稱謂後
investigatorscarefullytoverifythatsuchcreditpartyauthenticity,whennecessary,totheborrowerunitverificationandshouldstrictlydistinguishbetweenregularemployees,temporaryemployees,categoriesandonthejob,retirement,earlyretirement,etc.Purposetoverifyinvestigatorsshouldrequireborrowerstoprovideproofofusedataandverifiedtoensurethatlendingpurposesshouldbeconsistentwiththerelevantlawsandregulationsandnationalpolicies.Bankbanonissuingpersonalloanswithoutspecifieduses.Personalloansshouldbeasharpdistinctionbetweenconsumerandbusinessuses,managementpersonalloansshouldrefertoworkingcapitalloansrequiredtoverifyauthenticity,consumerloansshouldensureaclear,trueandreasonable.Strictlyguardagainstborrowerswillloanmoneytothestockmarket,realestate,loan-sharking,privatefundraisingandotherhighriskareasorusedforillegalbusinessstrictlypreventingborrowersloanscapitalprivatepublicormisappropriated...Understandborrowers'creditbusinesscreditsituationoftheparties.Strictprecautionsagainst
Henry,willyouhelpme?
5.在直接引句動詞前
Hesaid,”Idon?
tlikethemovie.”
6.在句首位置的副詞性片語（不定詞、分詞片語等）之後
Toentercollege,weshouldstudyhard.
Talkingawalkinpark,Iranacrosshim.7.插入句中的片語,子句等之前後
Heis,asitwere,awalkingdictionary.8.同位語之字、片語,或非限定子句之前後----若同位語在句尾,則只在同位
語前用逗號.
Mr.Young,adoctor,livesinTaipei.
Ilikehereldestbrother,whoisanathlete.9.附加問句前
Heisastudent,isn?
the?
10.時間、地點之分隔
IwasborninTainan,Taiwan,in1968.
Helivesat123ParkStreet,Taipei,Taiwan.11.感嘆詞在句首與其他部分之分隔
Oh,IwishIwereyoung!
12.Yes,No等回應用語後
Yes,Iwilldoit.
Ofcourse,itisdifficult.
13.書信中,稱呼及結尾語之後
DearMr.Lin,
Sincerely,
DearMother,
Yourson,
14.句子太長時,可供斷句休息用。
【五】分號（Semicolon）之主要用法,（;）
1.連接兩個關係密切的獨立（對等）子句
Tosayisonething;todoisquiteanother.2.連接性副詞如however,therefore,besides,moreover,consequently等之前
Heworksveryhard;therefore,healwaysgetshighmarks.
Heisintelligent;inaddition,heisdiligent.
3.長句中避免文句不清,以分號分隔原逗號的位置
Iwanttobuybreadandcoffeeformyself;newspaperandcigarettesforFather;
andsomeorangejuiceforMother.
4.表對等子句之強調或強烈的對照
Theteachercontinuedlecturing;butthestudentsrosetogo.
2tionoftheparties.Strictprecautionsagainstitalprivatepublicormisappropriated...Understandborrowers'creditbusinesscreditsituasharking,privatefundraisingandotherhighriskareasorusedforillegalbusinessstrictlypreventingborrowersloanscap-thestockmarket,realestate,loaneytoerifyauthenticity,consumerloansshouldensureaclear,trueandreasonable.Strictlyguardagainstborrowerswillloanmondistinctionbetweenconsumerandbusinessuses,managementpersonalloansshouldrefertoworkingcapitalloansrequiredtovsharpandregulationsandnationalpolicies.Bankbanonissuingpersonalloanswithoutspecifieduses.Personalloansshouldbearrowerstoprovideproofofusedataandverifiedtoensurethatlendingpurposesshouldbeconsistentwiththerelevantlawsrebomporaryemployees,categoriesandonthejob,retirement,earlyretirement,etc.Purposetoverifyinvestigatorsshouldrequiauthenticity,whennecessary,totheborrowerunitverificationandshouldstrictlydistinguishbetweenregularemployees,teinvestigatorscarefullytoverifythatsuchcreditparty
【六】冒號,Colon,之主要用法,（,）
1.引導一連串的名詞
Threereasonshaveledtohissuccess:
industry,intelligence,andinsistence.（三
項理由致使他成功,勤勉,聰明和堅持。
）
2.引導解釋性的子句或片語
Ihaveonlyonewish:
goingtocollege.
Thetrafficaccidentwasveryterrible:
twowerekilled;fivewerebadlyinjured.
3.在asfollow（或said）之後
Hespokeasfollows:
“Let?
stryagain.Don?
tgiveup.”
4.較正式之書信稱謂後
DearProfessorLee:
【七】破折號（Dash）之主要用法,（--）
1.與逗號、分號或冒號之用法類似,但語氣較強烈之表現
Headmittedhehadonlyonegoalinlife--fame.
2.引導總括前文之片語或句子
Ahouse,agoodwife,acar,twowisekids--thesearewhatIwanttohave.
【八】連字號（Hyphen）之主要用法,（-）
1.複合名詞、複合形容詞中
son-in-law（女婿）mother-to-be（孕婦）man-made（人造的）
good-tempered（好脾氣的）
2.數目字與分數之表示
two-thirds（2/3）twenty-first（第21）one-fifth（1/5）ninety-nine（99）
3.與字首合用
self-reliance（自立）non-smoker（非吸煙者）
pseudo-scientific（假科學的）post-war（戰後）
【九】括弧（Parentheses）之主要用法,（）
1.引入解釋性的字句
Thefollowingchart（Figure3）showstheriseandfallofthetides.
2.表可省略的字
Theman（whom）IlookuptoisMr.Lin.
【十】方括弧（Brackets）之主要用法,（[]）
1.表示[或]的意思
第investigatorscarefullytoverifythatsuchcreditpartyauthenticity,whennecessary,totheborrowerunitverificationandsh3頁,共5頁ouldstrictlydistinguishbetweenregularemployees,temporaryemployees,categoriesandonthejob,retirement,earlyretirement,etc.Purposetoverifyinvestigatorsshouldrequireborrowerstoprovideproofofusedataandverifiedtoensurethatlendingpurposesshouldbeconsistentwiththerelevantlawsandregulationsandnationalpolicies.Bankbanonissuingpersonalloanswithoutspecifieduses.Personalloansshouldbeasharpdistinctionbetweenconsumerandbusinessuses,managementpersonalloansshouldrefertoworkingcapitalloansrequiredtoverifyauthenticity,consumerloansshouldensureaclear,trueandreasonable.Strictlyguardagainstborrowerswillloanmoneytothestockmarket,realestate,loan-sharking,privatefundraisingandotherhighriskareasorusedforillegalbusinessstrictlypreventingborrowersloanscapitalprivatepublicormisappropriated...Understandborrowers'creditbusinesscreditsituationoftheparties.Strictprecautionsagainst
Heiscontent[contented]withhislife.
2.作者自己加入說明
Thebook[TheOldManandTheSea]isoneofthebestsellers.
【十一】省略符號（Apostrophe）之主要用法,（?
）
1.字母、數字的縮寫
It?
s（Itis）I?
m（Iam）won?
t（willnot）„94（1994）
2.名詞之所有格
today?
snewspaperFather?
scoat
3.?
s表字母、數字、符號之複數型
Therearetwon?
sinmynameNancy.
【十二】引號（QuotationMarks）,（“”）（„?
）
1.引介直接引句
Hesaid,“LearningEnglishisinteresting.”
2.表需注意的部分
Heregardshimselfasa“patriot”.
3.直接引句中,如有引句,則用單引號（„?
）表示
Shesaid,“Myparentsalwayssay,„Don?
ttrustastranger.?
”
【十三】刪節號（Ellipsis）之用法,（…）
1.在句中用三小點表省略的部分
Inthebeginning,theman…losthisway.
2.若刪除句尾部分常用四小點
Ididn?
ttellhimthetruthbecausehe….
【十四】字下線（Underline）之主要用法,（）
1.表某強調的語詞
Weareduetoarriveattheairportatnine.
2.手寫時代替代打字的斜體字部分,如指書本、雜誌、電影、樂章等之名目
Time（時代周刊）
GonewiththeWind（飄）
【十五】大寫（Capitalization）之主要用法,
1.句子、詩行的開始均大寫
Iliveinthetown
Inastreet;
Itiscrowdedwithtraffic
sharking,privatefundraisingandotherhighriskareasorusedforillegalbusinessstrictlypreventingborrowersloanscap-thestockmarket,realestate,loaneytoerifyauthenticity,consumerloansshouldensureaclear,trueandreasonable.Strictlyguardagainstborrowerswillloanmondistinctionbetweenconsumerandbusinessuses,managementpersonalloansshouldrefertoworkingcapitalloansrequiredtovsharpandregulationsandnationalpolicies.Bankbanonissuingpersonalloanswithoutspecifieduses.Personalloansshouldbearrowerstoprovideproofofusedataandverifiedtoensurethatlendingpurposesshouldbeconsistentwiththerelevantlawsrebomporaryemployees,categoriesandonthejob,retirement,earlyretirement,etc.Purposetoverifyinvestigatorsshouldrequiauthenticity,whennecessary,totheborrowerunitverificationandshouldstrictlydistinguishbetweenregularemployees,teinvestigatorscarefullytoverifythatsuchcreditparty4tionoftheparties.Strictprecautionsagainstitalprivatepublicormisappropriated...Understandborrowers'creditbusinesscreditsitua
Andfeet;
2.專有名詞之大寫
Taipei
Mr.Cheng
China
3.書信中的稱呼語、結尾語的首字母大寫
DearMr.Jordan.
Yourssincerely,
4.月份、星期之開頭大寫
January
Monday
5.機關、學校、公司、行號
MinistryofForeignAffairs（外交部）
NationalTaiwanNormalUniversity
NationalChang-HuaSeniorHighSchool
6.假日、節慶
NewYear?
sDay（元旦）
ChineseNewYear（春節）
LanternFestival（元宵節）
YouthDay（青年節）
Tomb-SweepingDay（清明掃墓節）
DragonBoatFestival（端午節）
Mid-AutumnFestival[MoonFestival]（中秋節）
Teacher?
sDay（教師節）
DoubleTenthDay（雙十節）
TaiwanRetrocessionDay（臺灣光復節）
ConstitutionDay（行憲紀念日）
第investigatorscarefullytoverifythatsuchcreditpartyauthenticity,whennecessary,totheborrowerunitverificationandsh5頁,共5頁ouldstrictlydistinguishbetweenregularemployees,temporaryemployees,categoriesandonthejob,retirement,earlyretirement,etc.Purposetoverifyinvestigatorsshouldrequireborrowerstoprovideproofofusedataandverifiedtoensurethatlendingpurposesshouldbeconsistentwiththerelevantlawsandregulationsandnationalpolicies.Bankbanonissuingpersonalloanswithoutspecified
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