考研《英语》真题.doc

考研《英语》真题.doc

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2012年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题NationalEntranceTestofEnglishforMA/MSCandidates（NETEM）

跨考英语教研室—杨凤芝

SectionⅠUseofEnglish

　　Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

TheethicaljudgmentsoftheSupremeCourtjusticesbecameanimportantissuerecently.Thecourtcannot_____itslegitimacyasguardianoftheruleoflaw______justicesbehavelikepoliticians.Yet,inseveralinstances,justicesactedinwaysthat_____thecourt’sreputationforbeingindependentandimpartial.

JusticesAntoninScaliaandSamuelAlitoJr.,forexample,appearedatpoliticalevents.Thatkindofactivitymakesitlesslikelythatthecourt’sdecisionswillbe____asimpartialjudgments.Partoftheproblemisthatthejusticesarenot_____byanethicscode.Attheveryleast,thecourtshouldmakeitself_______tothecodeofconductthat______totherestofthefederaljudiciary.

Thisandothercases______thequestionofwhetherthereisstilla_____betweenthecourtandpolitics.

TheframersoftheConstitutionenvisionedlaw____havingauthorityapartfrompolitics.Theygavejusticespermanentpositions____theywouldbefreeto____thoseinpowerandhavenoneedto_____politicalsupport.Ourlegalsystemwasdesignedtosetlawapartfrompoliticspreciselybecausetheyaresoclosely_____.

Constitutionallawispoliticalbecauseitresultsfromchoicesrootedinfundamentalsocial______likelibertyandproperty.Whenthecourtdealswithsocialpolicydecisions,thelawit_____isinescapablypolitical—whichiswhydecisionssplitalongideologicallinesaresoeasily_____asunjust.

Thejusticesmust_____doubtsaboutthecourt’slegitimacybymakingthemselves_____tothecodeofconduct.Thatwouldmaketheirrulingsmorelikelytobeseenasseparatefrompoliticsand,_____,convincingaslaw.

1AemphasizeBmaintainCmodifyDrecognize

2AwhenBbestCbeforeDunless

3ArenderedBweakenedCestablishedDeliminated

4AchallengedBcompromisedCsuspectedDaccepted

5.AadvancedBcaughtCboundDfounded

6.AresistantBsubjectCimmuneDprone

7.AresortsBsticksCleadsDapplies

8.AevadeBraiseCdenyDsettle

9.AlineBbarrierCsimilarityDconflict

10.AbyBasCthroughDtowards

11.AsoBsinceCprovidedDthough

12.AserveBsatisfyCupsetDreplace

13.AconfirmBexpressCcultivateDoffer

14AguardedBfollowedCstudiedDtied

15.AconceptsBtheoriesCdivisionsDconvenience

16.AexcludesBquestionsCshapesDcontrols

17.AdismissedBreleasedCrankedDdistorted

18.AsuppressBexploitCaddressDignore

19.AaccessibleB.amiableCagreeableDaccountable

20.AbyallmeansBatallcostsCinawordDasaresult

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text2

TEXT2

Prettyinpink:

adultwomendonotrememberbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls’lives.Itisnotthatpinkintrinsicallybad,butitisatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusedgirls’identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwo-year-olds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,despairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls’livesandinterests.

Girls'attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,it'snot.Childrenwerenotcolour-codedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury:

intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What'smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgender-neutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apastelversionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolisedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid-1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecameadominantchildren'smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminnatelyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.

Ihadnotrealisedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokids,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren'sbehaviour:

wrong.Turnsout,accordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularisedasamarketinggimmickbyclothingmanufacturersinthe1930s.

Tradepublicationscounselleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea"thirdsteppingstone"betweeninfantwearandolderkids'clothes.Itwasonlyafter"toddler"becamecommonshoppers'termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoever-tiniercategorieshasprovedasure-firewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences–orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.

26Bysaying"itis...Therainbow"（line3,Para1）,theauthormeanspink_______.

Ashouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood

Bshouldnotbeassociatedwithgirls'innocence

Ccannotexplaingirls'lackofimagination

Dcannotinfluencegirls'livesandinterests

27AccordingtoParagraph2,whichofthefollowingistrueofcolours?

AColorsareencodedingirls'DNA

BBlueusedtoberegardedasthecolorforgirls

CPinkusedtobeaneutralcolorinsymbolizinggenders

DWhiteispreferredbybabies

28Theauthorsuggeststhatourperceptionofchildren'spsychologicaldevotementwasmuchinfluencedby________.

[A]themarketingofproductsforchildren

[B]theobservationofchildren'snature

[C]researchesintochildren'sbehavior

[D]studiesofchildhoodconsumption

29.WemaylearnfromParagraph4thatdepartmentstoreswereadvised________.

Afocusesoninfantwearandolderkids'clothes

Battachequalimportancetodifferentgenders

Cclassifyconsumersintosmallergroups

Dcreatesomecommonshoppers'terms

30.itcanbeconcludedthatgirl'sattractiontopinkseemstobe_____.

Aclearlyexplainedbytheirinborntendency

Bfullyunderstoodbyclothingmanufacturers

Cmainlyimposedbyprofit-drivenbusinessmen

Dwellinterpretedbypsychologicalexperts

Text3

31．32．33．34．35．

Text4

36．37．38．39．40．

　　PartB

　　Directions:

Forquestions41-45,choosethemostsuitableparagraphsfromthelistA-Gandfillthemintothenumberedboxestoformacoherenttext.ParagraphEhasbeencorrectlyplaced.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinwiththetext.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

　　PartC

　　Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.（10points）

SectionⅢWriting

　　PartA

　　51.Directions:

。

。

。

。

。

。

。

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

　　Donotsignyourownnameattheendofthenotice.Use"Postgraduates'Association"instead.（10points）

　　PartB

　　52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould

1）describethepicturebriefly,

2）explainitsintendedmeaning,and

3）giveyourcomments.