考研大作文指导及范文解析.docx
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考研大作文指导及范文解析
大作文
六、考研大作文框架结构：
3段
12句左右
160-250词（英语二150-200词）
5-7个关联词（适可而止）
5-7个从句（多多益善）
1、Introduction：
第一段，提出问题，图画描述（图画作文）/图表描述（图表作文）/现状说明（情景或提纲作文），3句左右
1）图画/图表描述：
（1）Generaldescription：
总体描述，
人物+动作+环境或主题+对象+时间，1句
（2）Details1,2,3：
挖掘细节词，串联成句，1句
（3）Caption/Symbolicmeaning：
文字说明或象征寓意，1句
2）现状说明：
（1）Backgroundinformation：
背景交代
（2）Generaltalkofthetopic：
引出主题
（3）Thesis：
Statespecificallywhatyouropinionis，确立论点
2、Body：
第二段，分析问题，意义阐释（图画作文）或原因列举（图表、提纲或情景作文），5句左右
1）Topicsentence：
Symbolicmeaning，主题句，象征寓意，1句
2）Argument：
论证，3句左右，考研写作四大论证手段
（1）CauseandEffect：
因果论证
（2）Exemplification：
举例论证
A.Numerousexamplescanbegiven,butthis/thesewillsuffice.
B.Icanthinkofnobetterillustrationthanthefollowingone（s）.
C.This/Thesecase（s）effectivelyclarifythat…
（3）联系现实：
以小见大，把握象征寓意，个体想为群体，具体想为抽象
（4）正反论证：
3）Summary：
小结，概括论证，总结本段，1句
3、Conclusion：
第三段，解决问题，建议措施/归纳结论，4句左右
1）Concludingsentence：
结论句，呼应象征寓意，1句
2）Suggestions1、2：
两点建议（针对双方提建议）或两句评论，2句
3）包装结尾、展望未来：
1句，考研写作三大优秀句型
（1）倒装句：
Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvethisproblem.
只有这样我们才能解决这个问题。
（2）强调句：
Itispersistentworkthatisconducivetoyourgraspingaconsiderablevocabulary.只有长期学习才有助于你掌握大的词汇量。
（3）虚拟语气：
Itishightimethatwesolvedthisproblem.
我们早就该解决这个问题了。
七、大作文：
1.伦理道德：
冲刺班二十大必背范文之十一
Directions:
Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould
1）describethedrawingbriefly,
2）explainitsintendedmeaning,and
3）giveyourcomments.
Inthepictureaboveisanoldmantumbledontheroadaccidentally.Unfortunately,agreatmanypassers-byarehesitantaboutgivingtheoldmanahand.Seeingthat,nobodywouldliketoberesponsiblefortheaccident.
Theabovepictureremindsmeoftherecentheateddiscussionaboutwhethertoassisttheseniorcitizenswhoaresuddenlysickorinjured.Suchdiscussionisashameforthesociety,forhelpingpeopleindistressshouldbeconsideredasthebasicsocialmoralityandtraditionalvirtue.Unfortunately,thedebateindeedbrokeoutafterseveralhelp-giversweresuccessivelyreportedtobefalselyidentifiedasoffendersandsentencedtopayeconomiccompensation.Duetothosecases,peopleworrythattheassistancerecipients,especiallyagedpeoplewithpoorjudgment,mayfailtotellrightfromwrongandhelpingthemwillprobablyincurtroubles.Thisthoughthaltspeople’sattempttohelpandhasindirectlymurderedsomeagedpeople.Severalmonthsago,anoldmandiedafterfallingbecausenobodydaredtoofferassistance.
Suchtragedyshouldneverrecur.Toachieveit,firstly,helpingagedpeopleinneedshouldbeadvocated.Moreimportantly,effortsshouldbemadetoprotectthebenefitsofthosewhoprovidehelp.Onlyintheseways,canwebesurethat,ononehand,theelderlyreceivetimelyaidandontheotherhand,warm-heartedpeopleneversufferfromloss.Afterall,justasErnestHemingway,thegreatAmericanwritersaid,“Iknowonlythatwhatismoraliswhatyoufeelgoodafterandwhatisimmoraliswhatyoufeelbadafter”.（272words）
2、图表作文：
经济问题，
2011年英语
（二）真题，冲刺班二十大必背范文之十二
Directions:
Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould
1）interpretthechartand
2）giveyourcomments.
Youshouldwriteatleast150words.
WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.（15points）
2008、2009年国内轿车市场部分品牌市场份额示意图
（从左至右：
国产品牌、日系品牌、美系品牌）
ThechartabovedemonstratesclearlythatsomechangeshavetakenplaceintermsofthecarmarketofChina.Baseduponthedataofthechart,onecanseethatthepercentageofdomesticcarshasbeenonarise,whilethesalespercentageofcarsmadeinJapanhaswitnessedbeenonadecline.Intheyearof2008,thepercentageofcarsmadeinChinawasnearly25%,whilewithinnomorethanayear,itwentuptonearly33%.ThepercentageofcarsmadeinJapanwas35%,whileitwentdownto25%in2009.
It’snodifficultyforustocomeupwithsomepossiblefactorstoaccountforthistrend.Atthetopofthelist,withtherapiddevelopmentofoureconomyandsociety,moreandmorepeopleprefercivilproductstoforeignones.It’sreportedthat,approximately55%offamiliesinChinesebigcitiesarefoundcarsmadeinChina.Inaddition,wemustadmitthatthegovernmentappealstoustosupportournativeindustries.Lastbutnottheleast,thefactcannotbeignoredthat,thecarsmadeinChinaareincreasinglyqualified.
Takingintoaccountwhathasbeenargued,wecancometotheconclusionthatthisestablishedtrendispositiveandthereforeacceptable.AndIamfirmlycertainthatthistrendwillcontinueintheyearstocome.（232words）
3、2000年真题：
环境问题，冲刺班二十大必背范文之十三
Directions:
A.Studythefollowingtwopicturescarefullyandwriteanessayinatleast150words.
B.YouressaymustbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET2.
C.Youressayshouldmeettherequirementsbelow:
1.Describethepictures.
2.Deducethepurposeofthepainterofthepictures.
3.Suggestcountermeasures.
Asisvividly/symbolicallyshown/described/depicted/illustrated/revealed/portrayedinthecartoons/drawings/portrayals/photos/photographs/pictures,withtherapid/speedysocialandeconomicdevelopment,thenumberoffisheshassharplydecreased.Inonepicture,therewerevariouskindsoffishandonlyonefishing-boatin1900.Onthecontrary,in1995therewasonlyonefish,butmanyfishing-boats.
Thepurpose/aimofthepicturesistoshowusthatdue/utmostattention/importance/significanceshould/must/hastobepaid/attachedtothedeclineofoceanresources.Owing/Dueto/Becauseofover-fishing,thenumberoffisheshasobviouslyshrunk.Ifweletthissituationgo/continueasitis,wedonotknowwherefishwillbeinthenear/forthcomingfuture.Bythattime,ourenvironmentwillsufferagreatdestruction.
Therefore/Hence/Accordingly,itisimperative/necessaryforustotakedrastic/effective/some/severalmeasures/steps/actions.Foronething,weshouldappealtoourgovernments/authoritiestomake/legislate/enact/issue/establishstrictlawsandregulationstocontrol/regulatecommercialfishing.Foranother,weshouldenhance/increase/cultivatetheawareness/senseofpeoplethattheoceanresourcesarevery/extremelyvital/essential/crucialtous.Onlyinthisway/bydoingsocanweprotectouroceanresources.Also,Iassume/maintain/reckonthatwehumanscanovercome/surmountthisdifficulty,andwewillhaveabright/brilliantfuture.
4.青年面对社会（自立）/两代关系：
2003年真题，二十大必背范文之十四
Directions:
Studythefollowingpicturescarefullyandwriteanessayabout200wordsbasedonthefollowing
1.describethesetofdrawingsandinterpretitsmeaning
2.pointoutitsimplicationsinourlife.
Thesetofdrawingsabovevividlydepictthedestinyofaflowerindifferentcircumstances.Asisshowninthefirstcartoon,theflowerisplacedinacomfortablegreenhousethatsheltersitfromthethreateninglightningandstorm.Withpropertemperature,moistureandfertilizer,theflowerisgrowinginfullbloom.Onthecontrary,whenremovedfromthegreenhouseandexposedtothedrivingrain,theflowersoonfadesandwithers,withthepetalsscatteredontheground.
Tobeginwith,thepurposeofthedrawingsistoshowusthattheflowergrowinginthegreenhousecannotwithstandthetestofthestorm,yetthesymbolicmeaningssubtlyconveyedshouldbetakenmoreseriously.Thedelicateflowerisnaturallyassociatedwithyoungpeople,tobespecific,theonlychildreninourcurrentsociety;thegreenhouseepitomizesparents’dotingcareandabundantmaterialsuppliesthatcanshieldthechildrenfromthestorms,ortheharshreality.Oncetheyoungpeoplebegintoseekindependenceandacceptchallengesfromtherealworld,theyarefoundtoospoiledtobestrongenoughinthefaceofdifficulties.
Accordingly,itisvitalforustoderivepositiveimplicationsfromthesethought-provokingdrawings.Ontheonehand,wecanfrequentlyusethemtoenlightentheyouthtobemoreindependentinlife.Ontheotherhand,parentsshouldbesensibleenoughtogivetheirchildrenmorefreedomtodealwithtroublesandproblems.Onlybyundergoingmorechallengesandtoilsinadversitycanyoungpeoplecultivatestrongpersonalityandability,andonlyinthiswaycantheybecomewinnersinthiscompetitiveworld.（271words）
5.青年面对社会（合作）：
2008年真题，冲刺班二十大必背范文之十五
Directions:
Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould
1）describethedrawingbriefly,
2）explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen
3）giveyourcomments.
YoushouldwriteneatlyonAnswerSheet2.
Asisvividlydepictedinthepicture,twodisabledmenarerunningfastthroughteamworkalthougheachofthemhasonlyoneleg.Obviously,itisteamworkthatmakesitpossibleforthemtogoanywheretheywantto.
Simpleasitis,whatthepictureconveystousisthought-provoking.Withthedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety,competitionisincreasinglyfierce.Itisimpossibleforanyonetofinishaworkallbyhimself.Hence,peopleinmountingnumbersputgreatemphasisonteamwork.Infact,ithasbeenuniversallyacknowledgedthattheabilityofteamworkisthemostessentialqualificationthatanyonewhowantstoachievesuccessshouldpossess.
Accordingly,itisimperativeforustotakesomemeasurestoenhancethesenseofteamworkinoursociety.Weshouldbearinmindthatteamworkisofgreatsignificancetobothoursocietyandourselves.Everyoneshouldhavetheabilityofteamwork.Onlyinthiswaycanweachievesuccessandonlyinthiswaycanoursocietybecomemoreharmonioustolivein.
6.流行文化（网络）：
2009年真题，冲刺班二十大必背范文之十六
Directions:
Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingdrawing.Inyouressay,youshould
1）describethedrawingbriefly,
2）explainitsintendedmeaning,andthen
3）giveyourcommen
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