高考英语阅读理解人生百味及其解题技巧及练习题含答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解人生百味及其解题技巧及练习题含答案
高考英语阅读理解（人生百味）及其解题技巧及练习题（含答案）
一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类
1．阅读理解
Wealllongforfriendship,buthowtomakeafriend?
"Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone."JoyStevensaid.Thefollowingaresometipsforyou.
Peopleequalfriends
Friendsusuallybeginwithstrangers.Gettingintouchwithotherpeopleisthefirststeptomakeafriend.Friendscan'tbemadeinemptyair.Bestfriendstaketimetomake.
Friendsunderstandfriends
Friendsunderstandeachotherwhentalking.Manyunpleasantpersonalquarrelscanbeavoidedifyouwilltakethetimetounderstandothers'feelingsandpointsofview.
Friendstouchfriends
Touchingisawarmfromofcommunicationbetweenfriends.Whenyouseebestfriendscommunicating,youwillnoticethemstandclosetogether,toucheachothercomfortablyandlistentoeachother.Sometimesafriendlytouchismorepowerfulthanwords.
Friendspraisefriends
Praiseisapowerfultooltomakeafriend.Honestpraisecanaffect（影响）yourfriends'lives.Sotrytopraiseyourfriends,includingyourgeneralones.
Friendscanloyal（忠诚的）andtrustworthy
Trustandloyaltygohandinhandforfriends.Friendscansharesecretswithyou,becausegoodfriendsneverbreakconfidence（信心）andareloyalforever.
（1）FromJoySteven'swords,wecanconcludethat________
A. afriendinneedisafriendindeed
B. itislatetomakeafriendwhenyouneedone
C. itisnevertoolatetomakeafriend
D. everyoneneedsafriendinhislife
（2）Tomakeandkeepmanyfriends,youneedtodothefollowingEXCEPT___________.
A. getintouchwithpeople
B. understandyourfriends
C. praiseyourfriends
D. quarrelwithyourfriends
（3）Thepassagemainlytellsus______________.
A. howtocommunicatewithafriend
B. whentomakeafriend
C. howtodevelopfriendship
D. howtopraiseafriend
【答案】
（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：
我们都渴望友谊，本文就如何交朋友和发展友谊给出了一些建议。
（1）细节理解题。
根据第一段中Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone.可知交朋友的最好时机是你需要一个朋友之前，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。
根据第三段Manyunpleasantpersonalquarrelscanbeavoidedifyouwilltakethetimetounderstandothers’feelingsandpointsofview可知我们压迫避免和朋友争吵，故选D。
（3）主旨大意题。
根据文章第一段和下面的小标题可知，文章是在告诉我们怎样交朋友和发展友谊，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题和主旨大意题，细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨大意题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
DidyouknowthatAlbertEinsteincouldnotspeakuntilhewasfouryearsold,andcouldnotreaduntilhewasseven?
Hisparentsandteachersworriedabouthismentalability.
Beethoven'smusicteachersaidabouthim,"Asacomposer（作曲家）heishopeless."Whatifthisyoungboyhadbelievedit?
WhenThomasEdisonwasayoungboy,histeacherssaidhewassostupidthathecouldneverlearnanything.Heoncesaid,"IrememberIusedtoneverbeabletogetalongatschool.Iwasalwaysatthefootofmyclass...MyfatherthoughtIwasstupid,andIalmostdecidedthatIwasastupidperson."WhatifyoungThomashadbelievedwhattheysaidabouthim?
Whenthesculptor（雕刻家）AugusteRodinwasyoung,hehaddifficultylearningtoreadandwrite.Today,wemaysayhehadalearningdisability.Hisfathersaidofhim,"Ihaveanidiot（白痴）forason."Hisuncleagreed."He'suneducable,"hesaid.WhatifRodinhaddoubtedhisability?
WaltDisneywasoncefiredbyanewspapereditorbecausehewasthoughttohaveno"goodideas".EnricoCarusowastoldbyonemusicteacher,"Youcan'tsing.Youhavenovoiceatall."AndaneditortoldLouisaMayAlcottthatshewasunabletowriteanythingthatwouldhavepopularappeal.
Whatifthesepeoplehadlistenedandbecomediscouraged?
WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven,theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney?
AsOscarLevantoncesaid,"It'snotwhatyouarebutwhatyoudon'tbecomethathurts."
Youhavegreatpotential.Whenyoubelieveinallyoucanbe,ratherthanallyoucannotbecome,youwillfindyourplaceonearth.
（1）Howmanysuccessfulpeoplearementionedasexamplesinthepassage?
A. Six
B. Seven
C. Eight
D. Nine.
（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsisRIGHT?
A. Whenhewasyoung,ThomasEdisonalwaysgotgoodgradesatschool.
B. LevantthoughtLouisaMayAlcottcouldn'twriteanypopularworks.
C. OnlyAugusteRodin'suncleregardedhimaboyoflearningability.
D. BothEnricoCarusoandBeethovenachievedtheirdreamsinmusic.
（3）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence"He'suneducable"?
A. Hecan'tbetaught.
B. Heisveryclever.
C. Heisdifferent.
D. Heisalatesuccess.
（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A. WorkingHardforSuccess
B. HavingDreams
C. BelievinginYourself D. Self-challenging
【答案】
（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，列举了爱因斯坦、贝多芬、爱迪生等七个名人成功的故事，他们都曾得到别人较低的评价，但最终成功实现了自己的梦想；“相信自己”是他们成功的关键。
（1）考查细节理解。
第一段列举了爱因斯坦的故事，第二段讲述了贝多芬的故事，第三段提到了爱迪生的故事，第四段讲述了奥古斯特·罗丹的故事，第五段提到了沃特·迪士尼、恩里科·卡鲁索、路易莎·梅·阿尔科特的故事，共列举了七个著名人物，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第二中的“ Beethoven'smusicteachersaidabouthim,‘Asacomposer（作曲家）heishopeless.’ ”；第五段中的“EnricoCarusowastoldbyonemusicteacher,‘Youcan'tsing.Youhavenovoiceatall.’”及第六段中的“WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven,theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney?
”可推知，贝多芬和恩里科·卡鲁索都实现了他们的音乐梦想，故选D。
（3）考查句义猜测。
根据第四段他的父亲和他的叔叔对他的评价"Ihaveanidiot（白痴）forason.""Hisuncleagreed."可知，他们都认为他是白痴；据此可以推断，该句意为“他是教不会的”，故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知，本文前五段列举了七个名人，他们的共同点是都曾得到别人较低的评价，后来却成功实现了自己的梦想；本文的最后一句为本文的主题句，据此可以判断，C项“相信自己”最适合做本文标题，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Giveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?
Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?
Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.
Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb（麻木的）tonewstimulation（刺激）,newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.
Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey'dfeltcoldwateratfirst.
Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession（痴迷）manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a"ruby-crownedkinglet"andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.
Thepressuresof"time"and"destination"arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey'dseen."Oh,afewbirds,"theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.
Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.
（1）AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremore____________.
A.anxioustodowonders
B.sensitivetoothers'feelings
C.likelytodevelopunpleasanthabits
D.eagertoexploretheworldaroundthem
（2）WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?
A.Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.
B.Tostopcomplainingallthetime.
C.Tofollowtheteacher'sadvice.
D.Toadmitmistakeshonestly.
（3）Thebirdwatchers'behaviorshowsthatthey__________.
A.areverypatientintheirobservation
B.arereallyfascinatedbynature
C.careonlyaboutthenamesofbirds
D.questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides
（4）Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney?
A.Thenaturalbeautyisn'tattractivetothem.
B.Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.
C.Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.
D.Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.
（5）Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould__________.
A.filloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworld
B.getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylife
C.openourmindtonewthingsandideas
D.tryourbesttoprotectnature
【答案】
（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇散文。
我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。
作者通过此文要告诉我们：
放慢脚步，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。
（1）推理判断题。
根据文章第二段Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.可知，与成人相比较，孩子观察得更多，孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。
从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。
故选D。
（2）推理判断题。
根据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚，作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候，学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走，结果事实上那是一个温泉。
作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：
避免过早下结论。
故选A。
（3）细节理解题。
根据文章第四段全段及首句Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession（痴迷）manyofushavewithnamingthings.可知，鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字，并不关心它在做什么。
故选C。
（4）细节理解题。
根据文章第五段Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadi
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