高中英语句法大全名词性从句.docx

高中英语句法大全名词性从句.docx

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高中英语句法大全名词性从句

高中英语句法大全-名词性从句

名词性从句

一.概念

  名词性从句共有四种:

主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句

二.相关知识点精讲

1．主语从句：

主语从句在整个句子中作主语。

（1）不同于其它的连词，它不充当句子的成分，只是单纯的连接词，通常不可以省略。

分句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。

Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiswarwasobvious.

Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.

（2）if不能用在主语从句中，而是用whether

Whetherheleft（ornot）isunknown

（3）当主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数，下面这个句型例外。

Whatweneedismoretimeandmoney.

Whatweneedaremanymorebooks.

2.表语从句：

表语从句出现在系动词后，充当表语。

Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.

 Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.

（1）引导表语从句除了上述三类词外还有because,asif/asthough等等

 Thereason（why/forwhich…..）isthat……

 It/This/Thatisbecause……

（2）连系动词“appear,look,seem”的两个常用句型

Itseems/appearsthat….

Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough……（与事实相符用陈述语气，与事实相反用虚拟语气）

（3）as也可以引导表语从句

 Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe

3.宾语从句：

及物动词，形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。

（1）宾语从句时态与主句相呼应，但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外

Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun

（2）连词whether和if可以互换，但注意下列情况

连词后紧跟ornot时用whether

Iwanttoknowwhetherornottheywillcome.

作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句

Hewasinterestedinwhetherhesawherthere.

连接词后直接加不定式，不能用if只能用whether

Hedoesn’tknowwhethertostayornot.

如果宾语从句是否定时，一般用if引导

Icareifhewillnotattendthemeeting.

（3）当宾语从句后带宾补时，要用“主语+谓语+it+宾补+that-clause,that不可省略

Ithinkitcertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.

（4）当主语是I,we，主句用think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine五个动词时，用否定转移

Idon’tthinkhewillwinthegame,willhe?

（5）that在宾语从句常可以省略，但由and或but连接两个或多个宾语从句时，仅可以省略第一个连词that

Hesaid（that）hehadeatennothingbutthathewasn’thungry.

（6）注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句

Idon’tknowifhewillcome.

Ifhecomes,I’llletyouknow.

4.同位语从句，在句中作某些名词的同位语，对前面的名词进一步说明。

用在下列名词fact,news,idea,hope,believe,hope,thought,doubt.truth,order,suggestion,wordetc.

（1）Thereisnodoubtthathewillcome.

Thereisdoubtwhetherhewillcome.

WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcometoinspectthem.

Thereisnopossibilitythat….

（2）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

在同位语从句中：

that不可以省略，不作成分;定语从句的关系代词that在定语从句作成分，作宾语时可以省略

Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.

Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus.

when,where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

在定语从句中，when,where前有分别表示时间、地点的先行词；而在同位语从句中无此对应关系

Theyhavenoideaatallwherehehasgone.（同位语从句）

Goandgetyourcoat.It’sintheplacewhereyouleftit.（定语从句）

5.疑问词-ever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句

NomatterwhereIgo,myheartistowardsChina.

Ibelieverwhateverhesays.  Whateverhesays,Iwillneverbelievehim.

who与whoever的区别

who是“谁”的意思，表示具有疑问，who相当于anyonewho“无论谁”

Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.

Canyoutellmewhothatgentlemanis?

6．当名词性从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时，引导词通常用what，它相当于。

另外，有时具有感叹意义allthat,anythingthat或thething（s）that

Whatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.

TomthoughtwhatabeautifulgirlMarywas.

7.注意区分it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句

强调句句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that,去掉Itis/was,that，句子仍然成立。

Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.主语从句

Itisonlylatelythathehadhadafamilyhimself.强调句

Whatwasitthathewanted?

  Idon’tknowwhatitwasthathewanted.

Itwasinthehotelwherehestayedthatwediscussedtheseriousproblem

8.注意it作形式主语的主语从句和as引导非限制性定语从句引导的不同

Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.

Asisknowntoall.theearthisround.

三.巩固练习

1．____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.

  A.whatever B.Nomatterwhat C.That D.If

2. Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____

  A.didthequarrelcameabout   B.thequarrelhadcomeabout

  C.hadthequarrelcomeabout   D.hadthequarrelcomeabout

3. Energyis____makesthingwork..

  A.whatB.somethingC.anything  D.that

4. Informationhasbeenput forward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.

  A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as

5. Thisis___theshenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.

  A.there  B.inwhich  C.where  D.when

6. Theyhavenoideaatall____.

  A.wherehehasgone       B.wheredidhego

C.whichplacehashegone  D.wherehashegone

7. Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatient’sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.

  A.  that  B. which  C.ofwhich  D. ofthat

8. Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.

  A. that;hadtoleave  B. that;shouldleave

  C. /;mustleave      D. when;shouldleave

9. ___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.

  A.There;that  B.It;that  C.there;whether D.It;whether

10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.

  A.that  B.which  C.whether  D.if

11.Is_____hesaidreallytrue?

  A.that B. what C.why  D.whether

12.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn’tmatter.

  A.That B.Whether C.If  D.Where

13.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggray.

  A.while  B.if    C.that D.for

14.¬¬¬_____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.

  A.Whether  B.This  C.who  D.If

15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.

  A.What B.That  C.Whether  D.If

16.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.

  A.What B.That   C.Who    D.How

17.____alltheinventionshaveincommonis____theyhavesucceeded.

  A.What;what B.That;that  C.what;that D.That;what

18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.

  A.What     B.It        C.Allthat    D.That

19.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer.

  A.believed  B. think    C.say       D.hoped

20.____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.

  A.What   B.That    C.How   D.Where

21.____healwaysservesthepeopleverywellisknown.

  A.What   B.That    C.Which  D.Who

22.____haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.

  A.Whoever   B.Nomaterwho  C.Whomever D.Who

23.Is____truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?

  Athat     Bit       Chis    Dhe

24.Ithasnotbeendecided___theywillleaveforNewYork.

  A.when   Bwhy     Cthat    Dwhat

25.Obviously___wedomorningexerciseseveryday___usgood.

  A.thatdo   B.if;do    Cwhat;does D.that;dose

26Itissaid________wasall___hesaid.

  Athat;that;that Bwhat;what;what  Cthat;which;what Dthat;that;which

27___getshomefirstistocookthesupper.

  A.Who    BWhom  C.Thosewho  D.Whoever

28___movedusmostwas___helikedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.

  A.That;that  B.What;that  CWhat;what  D.That;what

29.___youdiditisnotknowntoall.

 A.Who      B.What   C.How    D.Which

30.___youdoshouldbewelldone.

 AHow      B.That    C.Whatever  DWhy

31.ThereasonIplantogois___shewillbedisappointedifIdon’t.

 A.because   B.that     C.thanksto  D.what

32.Whattimedoyouthink__?

 A.willTomcomeback    B.Tomwillcomeback

 C.isTomcomingback    D.canTomgethere

33.Theteachersaidthatlight___fasterthansound.

 A.Hastraveled B.traveled C.hadtraveled D.travels

34..___isstillaquestion___willwin.

 A.It;that  B.It;who  C.That;who  D.This;that

35.Ifyouknow___itwasthatwriteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.

 A.whom  B.which   C.who  D.that

36.Insomecountries,___arecalled“publicschools”arenotownedbythestate.

 A.that    B.which   C.as   D.what

37.Thinking___youknow___infactyoudon’tisaterriblemistake.

 A.that;that  B.what;what  C.that;what  D.whatthat

38.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust___worriesthepublic.

 A.why      B.which     C.that     D.what

39.Whydon’tyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?

 A.that    B.what   C.that    D.it

40.___DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That’swhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavewithhim___happens.

 A.whatever;whatever               B.Nomatterwhat;whatever 

C.Nomatterwhat;Nomatterwhat    D.Whatever;however

41.Thatis___Iwasbornandgrewup.

 A.There  B.inwhich  C.where   D.theplace

42.___shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.

 A.What  B.That     C.When    D.Because

43.___wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.

 A.That  B.What     C.Which   D.Whether

44.---Haveyoufoundyourbookyet?

 ---No,I’mnotsure___Icouldhaveleftit.

 A.whether B.where   C.when   D.why

45.Thedoctorcouldn’tanswerthequestion___thepatientcouldsurvivethatnight.

 A.if     B.that     C.whether  D.what

46.Ifirmlybelieve___hesaidatthemeetingwasright.

 A.that   B.which    C.thatwhat D.whatthat

47.---Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice?

 ---___Iwaslastnight.

 A.That  B.When    C.Where   D.What

48.Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,__helikedme.

 A.who  B.which    C.that     D.what

49.Atthemeeting,wediscussed___weshouldemploymoreworkers.

 A.if   B.whether   C.that     D./

50.After___seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.

 A.which B.it      C.what     D.that

四.答案

1—5ABABC 6—10AABAC 11—15BBCAB 16—20BCBAA

21—25BABAD 26—30ADBCC31—35BBDBC 36—40DCDDA

41—45CBBBC 46—50CCCBC