高中英语句法大全名词性从句.docx

高中英语句法大全名词性从句.docx

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高中英语句法大全名词性从句

名词性从句

一.概念

名词性从句共有四种:

主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句和同位语从句

二.相关知识点精讲

1.主语从句：

主语从句在整个句子中作主语。

（1）that不同于其它的连词，它不充当句子的成分，只是单纯的连接词，不可以省略。

Thatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscarwasobvious.

Itwasobviousthatthedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscar.

（2）if不能用在主语从句中，而是用whether

Whetherheleft（ornot）isunknown.

（3）当主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用第三人称单数，下面这个句型例外。

Whatweneedismoretimeandmoney.

Whatweneedaremanymorebooks.

2.表语从句：

表语从句出现在系动词后，充当表语。

Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.

Goandgetyourcoat.It’swhereyouleftit.

（1）引导表语从句的词有because,asif/asthough等等

Thereason（why/forwhich…..）isthat……

It/This/Thatisbecause……

（2）连系动词“appear,look,seem”的两个常用句型

Itseems/appearsthat….

Itlooks/seemsasif/asthough……（与事实相符用陈述语气，与事实相反用虚拟语气）

（3）as也可以引导表语从句

Thingsarenotalwaysastheyseemtobe.

3.宾语从句：

及物动词，形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。

（1）宾语从句时态与主句相呼应，但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外

Theteachertoldusthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.

（2）连词whether和if可以互换，但注意下列情况,连词后紧跟ornot时用whether

Iwanttoknowwhetherornottheywillcome.

作介词宾语是用whether引导宾语从句

Hewasinterestedinwhetherhesawherthere.

连接词后直接加不定式，不能用if只能用whether

Hedoesn’tknowwhethertostayornot.

如果宾语从句是否定时，一般用if引导

Icareifhewillnotattendthemeeting.

（3）当宾语从句后带宾补时，要用“主语+谓语+it+宾补+that-clause,that不可省略

Ithinkitcertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.

（4）当主语是I,we，主句用think,believe,suppose,expect,imagine五个动词时，用否定转移

Idon’tthinkhewillwinthegame,willhe?

（5）that在宾语从句中常可以省略，但由and或but连接两个或多个宾语从句时，仅可以省略第一个连词that

Hesaid（that）hehadeatennothingbutthathewasn’thungry.

（6）注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句

Idon’tknowifhewillcome.

Ifhecomes,I’llletyouknow.

4.同位语从句，在句中作某些名词的同位语，对前面的名词进一步说明。

用在下列名词后

fact,news,idea,hope,believe,thought,doubt,truth,order,suggestion,wordetc.

（1）Thereisnodoubtthathewillcome.

Thereisdoubtwhetherhewillcome.

WordcamethatNapoleonwouldcometoinspectthem.

Thereisnopossibilitythat….

（2）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

在同位语从句中：

that不可以省略,不作成分;定语从句的关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略

Weareinterestedinthenewsthatsomeforeignerswouldvisitourschool.

Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus.

（3）when,where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别：

在定语从句中，when,where前有分别表示时间、地点的先行词；而在同位语从句中无此对应关系

Theyhavenoideaatallwherehehasgone.（同位语从句）

Goandgetyourcoat.It’sintheplacewhereyouleftit.（定语从句）

5.疑问词-ever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句,而nomatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句

NomatterwhereIgo,myheartistowardsChina.

Ibelievewhateverhesays.Whateverhesays,Iwillneverbelievehim.

who与whoever的区别

who是“谁”的意思，表示具有疑问，whoever相当于anyonewho“无论谁”

Whoeverleavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.

Canyoutellmewhothatgentlemanis?

6.当名词性从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时，引导词通常用what，它相当于allthat。

另外，有时具有感叹意义allthat,anythingthat或thething（s）that

Whatwecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwhatwehave.

TomthoughtwhatabeautifulgirlMarywas.

7.注意区分it作形式主语的主语从句与强调句

强调句句型Itis/was+被强调部分+that,去掉Itis/was,that，句子仍然成立。

Itisnaturalthattheyshouldhavedifferentviews.主语从句

Itisonlylatelythathehadhadafamilyhimself.强调句

Whatwasitthathewanted?

Idon’tknowwhatitwasthathewanted.

Itwasinthehotelwherehestayedthatwediscussedtheseriousproblem

8.注意it作形式主语的主语从句和as引导非限制性定语从句引导的不同

Itisknowntoallthattheearthisround.

Asisknowntoalltheearthisround.

三.巩固练习

1．____hedoeshasnothingtodowithme.

A.whateverB.NomatterwhatC.ThatD.If

2.Themanagercameoverandaskedthecustomerhow____

A.didthequarrelcameaboutB.thequarrelhadcomeabout

C.thequarrelcomeaboutD.hadthequarrelcomeabout

3.Energyis____makesthingswork.

A.whatB.somethingC.anythingD.that

4.Informationhasbeenputforward____moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.

A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as

5.Thisis___theShenzhouVSpaceshiplanded.

A.thereB.inwhichC.whereD.when

6.Theyhavenoideaatall____.

A.wherehehasgoneB.wheredidhegoC.whichplacehashegoneD.wherehashegone

7.Thedoctordidalottoreducethepatient’sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.

A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.ofthat

8.Theordercame___thesoldiers____thesmallvillagethenextmorning.

A.that;hadtoleaveB.that;shouldleaveC./;mustleaveD.when;shouldleave

9.___isnopossibility____Bobcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch.

A.There;thatB.It;thatC.There;whetherD.It;whether

10.Thequestioncameupatthemeeting_____wehadenoughmoneyforourresearch.

A.thatB.whichC.whetherD.if

11.Is_____hesaidreallytrue?

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.whether

12.____themeetingshouldlasttwodaysorthreedaysdoesn’tmatter.

A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Where

13.Itworriedherabit_____herhairwasturninggray.

A.whileB.ifC.thatD.for

14._____morecountriescanusenaturalenergyinthefutureremainstobeseen.

A.WhetherB.ThisC.WhoD.If

15.____hewillgotoworkinamountainvillagesurprisesallofus.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhetherD.If

16.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoD.How

17.____alltheinventionshaveincommonis____theyhavesucceeded.

A.What;whatB.That;thatC.what;thatD.That;what

18.____appearedtomethatheenjoyedthefoodverymuch.

A.WhatB.ItC.AllthatD.That

19.Itiswidely______thatsmokingcancausecancer.

A.believedB.thinkC.sayD.hoped

20.____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.

A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where

21.____healwaysservesthepeopleverywellisknown.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhichD.Who

22.____haspassedthetestwillgetaprize.

A.WhoeverB.NomaterwhoC.WhomeverD.Who

23.Is____truethatthefamousscientistwillgiveusalecturenextweek?

AthatBitChisDhe

24.Ithasnotbeendecided___theywillleaveforNewYork.

A.whenBwhyCthatDwhat

25.Obviously___wedomorningexerciseseveryday___usgood.

A.that;doB.if;doCwhat;doesD.that;does

26Itissaid________wasall___hesaid.

Athat;that;thatBwhat;what;whatCthat;which;whatDthat;that;which

27___getshomefirstistocookthesupper.

A.WhoBWhomC.ThosewhoD.Whoever

28___movedusmostwas___helookedaftertheoldmanformorethantwentyyears.

A.That;thatB.What;thatCWhat;whatD.That;what

29.___youdiditisnotknowntoall.

A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.Which

30.___youdoshouldbewelldone.

AHowB.ThatC.WhateverDWhy

31.ThereasonIplantogois___shewillbedisappointedifIdon’t.

A.becauseB.thatC.thankstoD.what

32.Whattimedoyouthink__?

A.willTomcomebackB.TomwillcomebackC.isTomcomingbackD.canTomgethere

33.Theteachersaidthatlight___fasterthansound.

A.HastraveledB.traveledC.hadtraveledD.travels

34..___isstillaquestion___willwin.

A.It;thatB.It;whoC.That;whoD.This;that

35.Ifyouknow___itwasthatwroteATaleofTwoCities,raiseyourhand.

A.whomB.whichC.whoD.that

36.Insomecountries,___arecalled“publicschools”arenotownedbythestate.

A.thatB.whichC.asD.what

37.Thinking___youknow___infactyoudon’tisaterriblemistake.

A.that;thatB.what;whatC.that;whatD.what;that

38.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust___worriesthepublic.

A.whyB.whichC.thatD.what

39.Whydon’tyoubring___tohisattentionthatyouaretoobusytodoit?

A.thatB.whatC.thatD.it

40.___DavidsayssoundsrighttoHelen.That’swhyshehasmadeuphermindtoleavewithhim___happens.

A.Whatever;whateverB.Nomatterwhat;whatever

C.Nomatterwhat;NomatterwhatD.Whatever;however

41.Thatis___Iwasbornandgrewup.

A.ThereB.inwhichC.whereD.theplace

42.___shewasinvitedtotheballmadeherveryhappy.

A.WhatB.ThatC.WhenD.Because

43.___wearedoinghasneverbeendonebefore.

A.ThatB.WhatC.WhichD.Whether

44.---Haveyoufoundyourbookyet?

---No,I’mnotsure___Icouldhaveleftit.

A.whetherB.whereC.whenD.why

45.Thedoctorcouldn’tanswerthequestion___thepatientcouldsurvivethatnight.

A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.what

46.Ifirmlybelieve___hesaidatthemeetingwasright.

A.thatB.whichC.thatwhatD.whatthat

47.---Whatwereyoutryingtoprovetothepolice?

---___Iwaslastnight.

A.ThatB.WhenC.WhereD.What

48.Ithink,thoughIcouldbemistaken,__helikedme.

A.whoB.whichC.thatD.what

49.Atthemeeting,wediscussed___weshouldemploymoreworkers.

A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./

50.After___seemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.

A.whichB.itC.whatD.that

51.Intheletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmesoon.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether

52.Thereisaproblemincars____roadconditionsneed____.

A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improving

53.–Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday’sgame?

--Oh,that’s____.A.whatmakesmefeelexcited

B.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelaboutexcited

54.____madetheschoolproudwas____90%ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversity.

A.What;becauseB.What;thatC.That;whatD.That;because

55.Thereisafeelinginme____we’llneverknowwhataUFOis.

A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.what

56.Perseveranceis____ittakestodoanythingwell.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why

57.–Ithinkitisgoingtobeabigproblem.–Yes,itcouldbe.–Iwonder____wecandoaboutit.

A.ifB.howC.whatD.that

58.____fashiondiffersfromcountrytocountryiswellknown.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which

59.Whenfacingajobinterview,givethemonkey____hewants.A.wha