高二英语周考含答案.docx

高二英语周考含答案.docx

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高二英语周考含答案

高二英语周考

第1卷

第一部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A.B.C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Grown-upsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedstillswimaswellaseversince.Amanwhenhegetsbackwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscaninthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar".RememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.

Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearner,whichcanbestatedasfollows:

Oncewehavelearnedsomething,additionallearningtrials（尝试）increasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.

Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming,bicycleriding,andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas"Twinkle,twinkle,littlestar"andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn

Themultiplicationtables（乘法口诀表）areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythethingsthatwelearninschool,becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.

Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming（突击学习）foranexamination.Thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade,isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycramming,astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination,butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning.Ontheotherhand,isreallynecessaryforone'sfuturedevelopment.

1.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph1?

A.Peoplerememberwellwhattheylearnedinchildhood.

B.Childrenhaveabettermemorythangrown-ups.

C.Poemreadingisagoodwaytolearnwords.

D.Storiesforchildrenarceasytoremember.

2.Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverleaningby_________.

A.presentingresearchfindings

B.sellingdowngeneralrules

C.makingacomparison

D.usingexamples

3.Accordingtotheauthor,beingabletousemultiplicationtablesis_______.

A.aresultofoverlearning

B.aspecialcaseofcramming

C.askilltodealwithmathproblems

D.abasicsteptowardsadvancedstudies

4.Whatdoestheword"they"inParagraph4referto?

A.Commonlyacceptedrules.

B.Themultiplicationtables.

C.Thingseasilyforgotten.

D.Schoolsubjects.

5.Whatistheauthor'sopiniononcramming?

A.Itleadstofailureincollegeexams.

B.It'shelpfulonlyinalimitedway.

C.It'spossibletoresultinpoormemory.

D.Itincreasesstudents'learninginterest.

B

Eatingtoomuchfattyfood,exercisingtoolittleandsmokingcanraiseyourfutureriskofheartdisease.Butthereisanotherfactorthatcancauseyourheartproblemsmoreimmediately:

theairyoubreathe.

Previousstudieshavelinkedhighexposure（暴露）toenvironmentalpollutiontoanincreasedriskofheartproblem,buttwoanalysesnowshowthatpoorairqualitycanleadtoheartattackorstroke（中风）withinaslittleasafewhoursafterexposure.Inonereviewoftheresearch,scientistsfoundthatpeopleexposedtohighlevelsofpollutants（污染物）wereupto5%morelikelytosufferaheartattackwithindaysofexposurethanthosewithlowerexposure.AseparatestudyofstrokepatientsshowedthatevenairthattheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency（EPA）considerstobeof“moderate”（良好）qualityandrelativelysafeforourhealthcanraisetheriskofstrokeasmuchas34%within12to14hoursofexposure.

Theauthorsofbothstudiesstressthattheserisksarerelativelysmallforhealthypeopleandcertainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighbloodpressure.However,itisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoairpollutionregardlessoflifestylechoices.SostricterregulationbytheEPAofpollutantsmaynotonlyimproveenvironmentalairqualitybutcouldalsobecomenecessarytoprotectpublichealth.

6.Thetextmainlydiscussestherelationshipbetween.

A.heartproblemsandairquality

B.heartproblemsandexercising

C.heartproblemsandsmoking

D.heartproblemsandfattyfood

7.Theunderlinedword“modest”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.

A.relativelyhigh

B.extremelylow

C.relativelylow

D.extremelyhigh

8.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?

A.Eatingfattyfoodhasimmediateeffectsonyourheart.

B.TheEPAconductedmanystudiesonairquality.

C.Moderateairqualityismoreharmfulthansmoking,

D.Stricterregulationsonpollutantsshouldbemade.

9.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthetextismostlikelyto.

A.informB.persuadeC.describeD.entertain

C

Whatisthecoloroftheuniverse?

Astronomersdidnotanswerthisquestionuntiltwomonthsago.ThiswaswhentwoAmericanastronomersreportedontheirstudyofallthelightintheuniverse.Theysaidthattheuniversewouldappeartothehumaneyetobealightgreenishcolor,calledturquoise（青绿色）.KarlGlazebrookandIvanBaldryofJohnsHopkinsUniversityinBaltimore,Maryland,reportedtheirfindingsinJanuary.TheypresentedresearchatameetingoftheAmericanAstronomicalSociety.Theysaidthatfindingthecoloroftheuniversewasnotpartoftheirmoreseriousscientificresearch.Theydiditforfun.

However,earlierthismonth,thescientistsadmittedtomakingamistake.Theysaidtheirfindingwasmuchmorecolorfulthanitshouldhavebeen.Theynowsaythelightfromouruniverseisclosertowhite.Itismorelikeamilkyorcreamywhitecolor.

Thescientistsgaveanumbertoeachofthecolorsofthedifferentstarsystems.Thentheyaddedthenumberstogetherandfoundtheaveragemeasurement.Thescientistsusedthisaveragetoidentifythecoloroftheuniverse.Theysaiditwasaveryprettylightgreenorturquoisecolor.Theycalledit“cosmic（宇宙的）spectrum（光谱）green.”Manynewspapersandtelevisionstationsreportedtheirfinding.

Otherscientistsandcolorengineersattemptedtoreproducetheresult.MarkFairchildoftheRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorkwasthefirstpersontoidentifyamistake.HediscoveredamistakeinthecomputersoftwareprogramusedbytheJohnsHopkinsscientists.

Whenthemistakewascorrected,theresultschanged.Thenewcoloroftheuniverseismuchlesscolorful.Itisveryclosetowhite.Thescientistsapologizedforthemistake.TheyarenowworkingwiththeRochesterInstituteofTechnologytoproducemoreimagesregardingthecoloroftheuniverse.

10.Whydidthescientistsdotheresearch?

A.TheywantedtowinaNobelPrize.B.It’srequiredbythegovernment.

C.Theydiditjustforfun.D.It’spartoftheirresearch.

11.Wecaninferthatthepassagewasprobablywrittenin_______.

A.JanuaryB.FebruaryC.MayD.March

12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Noneoftheresearchesdonebyscientistsisright.

B.Scientistssometimesmaymakemistakesintheirwork.

C.Thecoloroftheuniverseislightgreenish.

D.MarkFairchildapologizedforhismistakeaboutthecolorofuniverse.

D

Toerrishuman.Toblametheotherguyisevenmorehuman.

Commonsenseisnotallthatcommon.

Whytellthetruthwhenyoucancomeupwithagoodexcuse?

Thesethreepopularmisquotes（戏谑的引语）aremeanttobejokes,andyettheytellusalotabouthumannature.Toerr,ortomakemistakes,isindeedapartofbeinghuman,butitseemsthatmostpeopledon’twanttoaccepttheresponsibilityfortheproblem.Perhapsitisthenaturalthingtodo.Theoriginalquoteabouthumannaturewentlikethis:

”Toerrishuman,toforgive,divine（神圣的）.”Thissayingmirrorsandealpeopleshouldbeforgivingofothers’mistakes.Instead,wetendtodotheopposite–findsomeoneelsetopasstheblameonto.However,takingresponsibilityforsomethingthatwentwrongisamakingofgreatmaturity.

Commonsenseiswhatwecallclearthought.Havingcommonsensemeanshavingagoodgeneralplanthatwillmakethingsworkwell,anditalsomeansstayingwiththeplan.Commonsensetellsyouthatyoutakeanumbrellaoutintoarainstorm,butyouleavetheumbrellahomewhenyouhearaweatherforecastforsunshine．Commonsensedoesnotseemtobecommonforlargeorganizations,becausetherearesomanythingsgoingonthatonepersoncannotbeinchargeofeverything.Peoplesaythatinalargecompany,”therighthanddoesnotknowwhatthelefthandisdoing.”

Andwhatiswrongwithasocietythatthinksthatmakingupagoodexcuseislikecreatingaworkofart?

Oneofthecommonproblemswithmakingexcusesisthatpeople,especiallyyoungpeople.gettheideathatit’sokaynottobetotallyhonestallthetime.Thereisacorollary（直接推论）tothat:

ifgoodexcuseis“good”evenifitisn’thonest,thenwhereistheplaceofthetruth?

13.Accordingtotilepassage,whichoffollowingseemsthemosthuman?

A.Tosearchfortruth．B.Tocriticizeothersforone’sownerror

C.Tomakefunofothers’mistakes．D..Toachieveone’sideal

14．Accordingtotheauthor,whatisasignofaman’smaturity?

A．Doingthingshisownway.

B．Makingasfewmistakesaspossible．

C．Bearingresponsibilityforhismistakes.

D．Thinkingseriouslyabouthiswrongdoing.

15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforhispassage?

A.TruthorExcuseB.ToBlameortoForgive

C.AMarkofMaturityD.AMirrorofHumanNature

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）。

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选入能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Whatisadream?

Forcenturies,peoplehavewonderedaboutthestrangeplacesthattheyseemtovisitintheirsleep.__________（16）.However,theyhavebeenvaluedas