高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法.docx
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高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法
高考英语语法填空解题技巧与方法
语法填空的考点或考查内容是：
（1）纯空格题：
通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等四类词。
一个空格只能填一个单词。
（2）用括号中所给词填空：
通常考动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、词类转换等。
一个空格可以填多个个单词
语法填空以要求根据上下文填入一个以动词（verb）（或其适当形式）、名词（noun）、代词（pronoun）、冠词（article）、介词（prep.）、情态动词（modalverbs）、连词（conj）或引导词、形容词（adj.）和副词（adv.）考查各项语法内容。
考点一：
冠词
•无提示词
•名词之前
1.Thereoncewereagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilled[40]____goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.（14一模）
Iseeachildsubjecttothiskindofpressure,IthinkofDonnie.Hewas[35]___shy,nervousperfectionist.（15二模）
3.…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto[40]____smalltownsome20kilometersaway（12年）
4.Istillremembertaking[22]___visitingfriendfromCanadatoalocalBlackCountrypubforlunch.
考查语法点:
定冠词,不定冠词的用法
[解题技巧]
下列情况很可能填：
（1）________+可数名词（单数）；
（2）________+形容词+可数名词（单数）。
下列情况下很可能填：
（1）________（+定语）+名词+of等介词短语（表示特指）；
（2）________（+定语）+名词+定语从句（表示特指）；
（3）________（+定语）+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表示特指）。
1.He’s___amazingsinger,amusicvideodirector,abusinessownerandhe……
2.OnewaythatAmericansdothisiswith__firmhandshake.
3.Thisis____lawofAmerican—ofallsuccessfulpeople.
4.hour
honestboy
_____8-year-oldboy
X-rayphoto/umbrella/American
考点二：
介词
•无提示词：
注意搭配问题
•与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等
•与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语
1.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis[39]________greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…
2.WhenItookthemoneyfromhergrandparents,Ilookedback[34]_________thegirl,whowasgivingmethemostoptimistic,largestsmileIhadeverseen.
3.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes_________sale.
4.Hewasverytired_______________doingthisforawholeday…
考查语法点:
介词的基本用法及惯用搭配
考点三：
代词
•无提示词
•作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格，注意形容词词性和名词性物主代词的区别。
•指示代词（it和this）,不定代词，it用作引导词,反身代词等
1.Sherememberedhowdifficult_________wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.
2.Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinmyvillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused_____.
3.Ithasbeensaidbefore,butexperiencingitmyselfhasmade_____wanttosayitagain:
asmile…
考查语法点:
代词的基本用法
[解题技巧]
因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句子中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词（不能作主语）等。
在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词了。
考点四：
连词或从句引导词
•无提示词
•两个主谓结构连接
1.Historically,itwasfamousforindustry,whichexplains16theareaiscalledtheBlackCountry.
2.Itgotitsnameduringtheindustrialrevolution,17factorypollutionturnedthelocalskiesblackandlocaldustfromtheminesmadethesoilthesamecolor.
3.Janepausedinfrontofacounter______someattractivetieswereondisplay.
4.Oneday,hecameupwithanidea_____hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.
考查语法点:
各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法
[解题技巧]
（1）连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and,or,but等。
（2）若两个句子（有两个主谓结构）之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，那空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。
根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构，确定是并列句（多要求考生填and,but,while,when,or等）还是某种主从复合句。
然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。
考点五：
谓语动词
•有提示词
•与主语构成主谓结构
1.IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI_______（tell）bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.（15广州一模）
2.Hisfearoffailure________（keep）himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.（14深圳二模）
3.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften________（result）inthecontrarytoourintention.（15广东）
考查语法点:
谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致
考点六：
非谓语动词
•有提示词
•除谓语动词以外的动词形式
1.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson[32]__________（receive）thegift.
2.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft____________（complete）therest!
3.Mypupils,Donnie[40]__________（include）,adoredher.
4.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinishdescribingthemenu,myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows（眉毛）（raise）.（11广州一模）
考查语法点:
非谓语动词及变形的使用
考点七：
词性转换
.有提示词
介词,冠词,所有格后接名词,形容词修饰名词,副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子
1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid[36]__________（rude）.
2.AsfarasIamconcerned,my[37]____________（suggest）isthatweshouldalwayshaveanotebookandaChinese-Englishwithineasyreach.
3.Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir_______（nature）course.
4.____________（doubt）,althoughthereisstillroomforimprovementtothispolicy,Ithinkitisstillagoodonewhichbringsmoregoodthanharmtothestudentsandthenation.
考查语法点:
各类词性的正确使用及转化
考点八：
形容词的级
•有提示词
•通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级
ofthe[33]__________（bad）giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher…
2.…Wewerebothlaughingthewholetimeatourcompleteinabilitytocommunicateinwords.Whenitwastimetoleave,Isaid“thankyou”inKorean,usingsomeofthefewwordsIhadlearned.Ifelt__________（lonely）thanIhadexpectedthatnight.
3.LucilleCliftonisanaward-winningpoetandwriter.Criticscallheroneofthe_________（great）writersofourtime.（双语报）
小结
一．根据句子结构，确定词性
一般有提示词:
动词,名词,形容词,副词.
无提示词:
冠词,介词,连词,代词.
二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形
冠词定冠词,不定冠词
代词人称代词，物主代词，不定代词，指示代词，反身代词
连词并列句及复合句
介词介词的常用用法及词组搭配
谓语动词谓语动词的时态及语态,及主谓一致
非谓语非谓语动词todo,doing,done及变形
词性变化词汇,构词法
解题四步走通读全文,理解大意
分析句子,确定词性
根据语义,确定词形
检查搭配,前后连贯
一
语法填空（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）
Oncetherelivedarichman31wantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhishewantedtofindoutwhethertheydeservedhisthecentreofthemainroadintothetown,heplaced33verylargestone.Thenhe34（hide）behindatreeandwaited.Soonanoldmancamealongwithhiscow.“Whoputthisstoneinthecentreoftheroad”saidtheoldman,buthedidnottrytoremovethestone.Instead,withsomedifficultyhepassedaroundthestoneandcontinuedonhiscamealonganddidthesamething;thenanothercame,andanother.Allofthemcomplainedaboutthestonebutnottriedtoremove36.Lateintheafternoonayoungmancamealong.Hesawthestone,37（say）tohimself:
“Thenight38（be）verydark.Someneighborswillcomealonglaterinthedarkandwillfallagainstthestone.”Thenhebegantomovethestone.Hepushedandpulledwithallhis39（strong）tomoveit.Howgreatwashissurpriseatlast!
40thestone,hefoundabagofmoney.
语法填空
TheInternetisanamazinginformationresource.Students,teachers,andresearchersuseitas__31_investigativetool.Journalistsuseittofindinformationforstories.Doctorsuseittolearnmoreaboutunfamiliardiseasesandthe32_（late）medicaldevelopment.Ordinarypeopleuseitforshopping,banking,bill-paying,andcommunicatingwithfamilyandfriends.Peopleallovertheworlduseittoconnectwithindividualsfrom_33countriesandcultures.However,__34____therearemanypositivedevelopments__35__（associate）withtheInternet,therearealsocertainfearsandrelatestoalackofcontrolover__37__appearsontheInternet.Withtelevisionandradiothereareeditorstochecktheaccuracyorappropriatenessofthecontentofprograms,andwithtelevisionthereare38（restrict）onwhatkindsofprogramscan__39__（broadcast）andatwhattimesoftheday.WiththeInternet,parentscannotcheckapublishedguidetodeterminewhatissuitable__40____theirchildrentosee.
二
2015年新课标I
Yangshuo,China
ItwasraininglightlywhenI61（arrive）inYangshuojustbeforedawn.ButIdidn’tcare.Afewhours62,I’dbeenathomeinHongKong,with63（it）chokingsmog.Here,theairwascleanandfresh,evenwiththerain.
I’dskippednearbyGuilin,adreamplacefortouristsseekingthelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver64arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinese65（painting）.Instead,I‘dheadstraightforYangshuo.ForthosewhoflytoGuilin,it’sonlyanhouraway___66___carandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter-knowncity.
Yangshuo67（be）reallybeautiful.Astudyoftravelers68（conduct）bythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinationsintheworld.AndthetownisfastbecomingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent,atravelcompanyinHongKong,saysit69（regular）arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople70（live）inShanghaiandHongKong.
2015年新课标II
Theadobedwellings（土坯房）61（build）bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven62mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir63（able）to“aircondition”ahousewithout64（use）electricmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat65（slow）duringcoolnights，thuswarningthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough66（cool）thehouseduringthehotday:
67thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenightThiscycle68（go）dayafterday:
Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.As69（nature）architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly70thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.
三
语法填空（共10小题，每小题分，满分15分）
Inmyfreetime,IreallylikesurfingtheInternet.WhenIgethomefromwork,Iturnonmycomputer,waituntilitbootsup__36_（complete）,andthenIgoonline.Iusuallycheckmyemailfirstandthenwriteafewmessages__37_familyandfriends.Isometimesscanthelocalnewsheadlinesat_38___favoritenewsWebsiteandreaduponthelatestlocalandinternationalnews.ThisWebsiteoftenprovidesvideonewsclips_39___youcanviewonline.
Isometimesorderproductsorserviceonlinetosavemoneyandtimeinsteadofgoingtoastoreand__40_（buy）whatI'mlookingfor.Forexample,I___41____（order）adigitalcameraonlinetheotherdayandsavedabout$50.WhateverIdo,Irealizethatthereareproblems__42__
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