北京成人自考学位英语试题和答案.docx

北京成人自考学位英语试题和答案.docx

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北京成人自考学位英语试题和答案

北京成人自考本科学士学位英语统一考试

考试时间：

2014.05.10

PartIReadingComprehension（30%）

Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondinglettermtheAnswerSheet.

Passage1

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

ThefirstyearofschoolinAmerica,knownaskindergarten,usuallybeginsbetweentheagesoffiveandsix.Amongrichcountriessuchalatestartisverystrange.PresidentObamabelievesitisaneconomicandsocialproblem;hiseducationsecretarygoesasfarastosaythatitis"morallywrong".Thisstatementhassomesupport,asitisclearfromresearchintovocabularythatyoungstersfrompoorfamiliesenterkindergartenwellbehindthosefromrichfamilies—adisadvantagethatusuallylastsalifetime.Childrenfromhouseholdsonwelfareknew525wordsbytheageofthree,whilethechildrenofprofessionalshadmastered1,116.

（76） Pre.schoolcanhelpclosethisgap. Soinaspeechlastmonth,Mr,ObamacalledforapartnershipbetweenthefederalgovernmentandthestatestoexpandittoeveryAmericanchild.Itlaterbecameknownthat"every"meantthosewhocomefromfamilieswithincomesofupto200%abovethepovertyline—equaltoanincomeof$47,000forafamilyoffour.

（77） Somecriticssaythatsendingchildrentoschoolattheageoffourdoesnotwork.Theevidencesuggestsotherwise.Forexample,onMarch20thnewresultswereannouncedfromastudyof9.to.l1.year.oldsinNewJersey.Thisreportfoundthatdisadvantagedchildrenwhohadattendedpre.schoolhadbetterliteracy（读写能力）,language,mathsandscienceskills.Andtwoyearsofpre.kindergartenwerebetterthanone.

Somestudiesalsofollowtheeffectsofearlylearningoverlifetimes,suchasitseffectoncrimeratesandotherfactorsthatmayeventuallyburdensociety.Criticshave singledout agovernmentschemecalledHeadStart,createdin1965,whichprovidespoorhouseholdswitharangeofservicesincludingschool.basedearlyeducation.

1．KindergarteninrichcountriesotherthanAmericausuallybeginsattheageof_______

A.eight            B.seven            C.six                D.four

2．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Poorpre.schoolkidshavealargervocabularythanrichkids.

B.PresidentObamabelievesthatearlyeducationcansolvealleconomicandsocialproblems.

C.Richpre.schoolkidshavearichervocabularythanpoorkids.

D.PresidentObama'seducationsecretarythinksitismorallywrongtoletkidsstartkindergartenearly.

3．WhichofthefollowingabouttheNewJerseystudyisTRUE?

A.ThereisnoevidencetosupporttheNewJerseystudy.

B.NewJerseyhascreatedanewHeadStarttohelpdisadvantagedkids.

C.Sendingchildrentoschoolattheageoffourisnotgoingtohelp.

D.Twoyearsofpre.kindergartenwerebetterthanone.

4．Thephrase"singleout"inthelastparagraphmeans_______.

A.choose          B.thinkabout      C.count            D.dependon

5．Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.SecondaryEducation                B.Pre.schoolEducation

C.PoorKids’Education                D.RichKids'Education

答案详解：

1.   Dfour

第一段第一句说美国的幼儿园一般在五到六岁开始，第二句说在富裕国家里这么晚才开始是十分奇怪的，所以是在五岁以前，综合答案选择D，四岁。

2.   CRichpre-schoolkidshavearichervocabularythanpoorkids.

第一第四句中提到，根据调查，贫困家庭的孩子在词汇方面要落后于富有家庭的孩子，而这种差距往往会持续一生。

所以选C。

3.   DTwoyearsofpre-kindergartenwerebetterthanone.

倒数第二段第三四句讲到，参加学前教育的孩子在读写能力、语言能力、数学能力和科学能力上均有更好的表现，而有两年的学前教育效果要好于一年，所以选D。

4.   Achoose

本句的句意是批评者们选择了一个叫做“头脑启蒙”政府计划来……其他的选项分别都B 考虑 C计数  D依赖

5.   BPre-schoolEducation

本文通篇都在探讨的是学前教。

A选项未提到，CD均为学前教育研究的一部分，所以选B。

Passage2

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

HumansmaynothavelandedonMars（火星）justyet,butthatisn'tshoppingaEuropeancompanyfromdevisingaplantosendfourpeopletotheRedPlanetwithinthenextfewyears.（78） Thisproject,calledMarsOne,aimstosendasmallgroupofpeopletoMarsin2022 andeventuallyestablishapermanentcolonyontheplanet.

"EverythingweneedtogotoMarsexists,"saidMarsOneco.founderBasLansdorpinMarch2014."WehavetherocketstosendpeopletoMars,theequipmenttolandonMars,therobotstopreparethesettlementforhumans.Foraone.waymission,allthetechnologyexists."Yetthefourastronauts（宇航员）chosenforthetripwillbestuckonMars—forever.AnddespiteMarsOne'sthoroughplanning,thereareanumberofchallengesthatmaypreventthemissionfromevertakingplace.（79） Thebiggestroadblockcouldbethemission'shugecost （$6billion）.However,LansdorpisconfidentthatMarsOnewillbeabletofundtheprojectbysellingthebroadcastrightsforthemissionandsubsequentexperienceslivingontheplanet.

ThosebroadcastrightswillalsoplayapartinhelpingtoselectthepeoplewhowillbesenttoMars.Lansdorpsaidthecompanywillholdaselectionprocesssimilartoarealityshow.Lansdorpisexpectingatleast1millionapplicationsfrompeoplearoundtheworld.Inadditontothecost,severalotherpotentialproblemscouldinhibit（阻止）themissiontoMars.

“It’sevenmorechallengingtosendpeopletherewithlifesupport,withfood,withair,withalltheotherthingslikebooks,entertainment,meansofcommunicationandofprovidingfortheirownresourcesforalongstayonMars,"saidAdamBaker.seniorlecturerinspaceengineeringatKingstonUniversityinLondon."Thesheersizeoftherocketsyou'dneedtodothiswouldbeabsolutely colossal.”

6.AccordingtoProjectMarsOne,humanscouldsendfourpeopletoMarswithinthenext_______years.

A. seven            B.eight             C.ten               D.six

7．AccordingtoBasLansdorp,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?

A.Foraone.waytriptoMars,allthetechnologyexists.

B.HecouldnotcomeupwiththefundforMarsOne.

C.WehumanshavetherocketstosendpeopletoMars.

D.WehumanshavetheequipmenttolandonMars.

8．Accordingtothepassage,allthefollowingstatementsareTRUEEXCEPTthat_______.

A.acompetitionprocesswillbeheldtoselectthefourastronauts

B.thecostofMarsOnecouldgoasmuchas$6billion

C.ifitgoesasplanned,wecouldexpecttowatchMarsOneonTV

D.thefourastronautscouldreturntoEarthafterafewyears’stayonMars

9.Theword"colossal”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_______.

A.verylarge        B.verysmall        C.medium          D.average

10.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.ReadyforaRoundTriptoMars

B.ReadyforaShortVisittoMars

C.ReadyforaOne.wayTriptoMars

D.ReadyforaWalkonMars

答案详解：

6.   Beight

第一段最后一句说计划在2022年送一组人上火星，可知答案是八年，选择B。

7.   BHecouldnotcomeupwiththefundofMarsOne.

第二段倒数第二句明确说明计划大约需要60亿美元。

所以B选项描述有误。

其他选项在第二段前半部分都有提到，即所有的条件均已具备。

8.   Dthefourastronautscouldreturntoearthafterafewyears’stayonMars.

文中第二段提到这是一个“one-waytrip”也就是单程旅行，所以他们不能回来。

9.   Averylarge

最后一段开始提到，还需要送很多东西，例如生活用品、书籍、娱乐设施等等到火星。

所以火箭的体积应该是很大的。

选择A。

10.  CReadyforaOne-waytriptoMars

文章通篇都是讲的到火星的单向旅行计划，其他选项均未提到。

Passage3

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

WhentheUnitedStatesCongresscreatedYellowstoneNationalParkin1872,thegoalwastosetasideaplacewhereAmericanscouldenjoythebeautyofnatureforyearstocome.Now,142yearslater,therearehundredsofnationalparksacrossthecountry,andtechnologyischangingthewaypeopleexperiencethem.Shouldparkvisitorsbeabletousecellphones,orshouldtheiruseberestricted?

"Connectivitypresentsarealchallengetoallofus."AlNashsays.HeisapublicaffairsofficeratYellowstoneNationalPark.HesayscellphoneserviceatYellowstoneisavailableinpartsoftheparkwithstoresandcampgrounds.Thismakesiteasyforvisitorstosharephotosoftheirtriponsocialnetworkingsitesandtostayintouchwithfriendsandfamilymembers.（80） Ifanarkvisitorishurtorindanger,cellphonesmakeiteasiertogethelp. Somesaytheabilitytodownloadapplicationsthatprovideinformationaboutplantsandanimalsintheparkcanenrichavisitor'sexperience.

Otherssaycellphonesdisturbpeople'senjoymentofournationalparks.Intheirview,cellphonetowersareaneyesore,andthey'dratherhearthesoundofbirdsthantheringofanincomingcall.Canyouimaginelookingoutapeacefullakeorfieldofgrassonlytobedisturbedbyapersonshoutingintotheirphone,"Canyouhearmenow?

"

NashsaysYellowstonetriestostrikeabalance."Ultimately,ourjobistoletvisitorsunderstandandenjoynaturebetterwhileprotectingwhatpeoplefindspecialaboutYellowstone,andoneofthosethingsthat'sspecialistheabilitytogetawayfromthehustleandbustle（喧嚣）ofone'sdailylife."

11．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.WhichU.S.NationalParkHastheMostVisitors?

B.ShouldNationalParksAllowtheUseofCellPhones?

C.WhatDidYellowstoneDotoEnrichParkVisitors’Experience?

D.CanTechnologyTransformtheWayPeopleExperienceNature?

12．Nationalparkswereestablished_______.

A.toshowrespecttoformerpresidents

B.toraisepublicawarenessaboutclimatechange

C.topreserveareasofnaturalbeauty

D.tocreatejobopportunities

13．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthecellphoneserviceatYellowstoneisTRUE?

A.Itislimitedtocertainareasinthepark.

B.Itisavailableeverywhereinthepark.

C.Itisnotavailableinthepark.

D.Itisavai