博士入学考试英语模拟题doc.docx

博士入学考试英语模拟题doc.docx

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博士入学考试英语模拟题doc

EnglishEntranceExamination

ForNon-EnglishMajorDoctoralCandidates

PaperOne

PartIIReadingComprehension（30points，45minutes）

Directions:

Inthispartthereareseveralpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarked（A），B），C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

Passage1

Everyyearscientistsopenmoredoorsthatleadtothesecretsofnewbeneficentdrugs.

Thereisbacitracin，whichwasdiscoveredbytwoscientistsat

ColumbiaUniversity’sCollegeofPhysiciansandSurgeons.Thesetwo

people,Dr.FrankMeleneyandMissBalbinaJohnson,knowingthatthe

humanbodyhadsomekindofactioninitselfwithwhichitfights

infections，begantosearchforthechemicalthatdoesthis.Inthe

hospitaltheyexaminedbadlyinfectedwoundsofpeoplewhohadbeen

hurtinaccidentsandmadetestsofthebloodandtheinfectedtissue.

Finally,inthewoundofagirlwhohadbrokenalegbone，they

foundtheusefulgermswhichseemedtobefightingthepoisonous

infection.Theytooksomeoftheseintothelaboratoryandfromthem

developedcultures;thatis,largermassesofthegermswithwhichto

experiment.Atlast,afterlongandpainstakingwork,theywereable

todrawfromthesegermsasubstancewhichisagermdestroyer.Dr.

MeleneyandMissJohnsonnameditbacitracin-bacibecausethegermis，

inscientificlanguage，abacillusandtracinforMargaretTracy，

whosebrokenlegsuppliedthegerm.

Bacitracinatfirstwasusedonlylocally;laterthedrugwas

developedintoasolutionthatcanbeusedtofightgermthroughthe

bloodstream.

16/Today，thediscoveryofanewdrugoccurs.

A）veryseldom.B）onceinageneration.

C）onceeverytenyears.D）frequently.

17.Thescientifictermfortheactionwithwhichthehumanbody

fightsinfection.

A）drug.B）biotic.

C）notmentioned.D）bothAandB.

18.Searchingforthefightingchemical，thescientistsexamined

A）freshwounds.B）infectedwounds.

C）onlyinfectedlegbones.D）onlyafewwounds.

19.Cultures，asusedinthisarticle，are.

A）masscsofgerms.

B）bloodtests.

C）massesofinfectedtissue.

D）poisonousgerms.

20.Bacitracin.

A）ispoisonous-B）destroysgerms.

C）restoresbrokenbones.D）developsgerms.

21.Tosaythatadrugwasusedlocallyistosaythatitwas.

A）distributedthroughthewholesystem.

B）usedonlyintheareaofinfection.

C）uscdonlyatColumbia

D）usedonlyinhospitals.

22.Fromreadingthisselectionyoucaninferthat

A）manyscientificdiscoveriesareduetochance.

B）everyyearscientistsdiscovernewbeneficentdrugs.

C）bchindmedicaldiscoverytheremaybeadramaticstory.

D）culturearelargemassesofgerms.

Passage2

OurechosounderlocatedthewreckofaFrenchsubmarinethathadfounderedduringthewarinseventy-fivefeetofwateroutsideDakarharbor.DumasandIplungeddownandfoundthevessellyingcleanandupright，surroundedbysuchcloudsoffishaswehadrarelyseen-smallsilverfingerlingsanddarkmetals.AsDumasswamintotheshadowoftheportpropeller，hecamefacetofacewithagiganticfish,groupervariety,cousintoourfamiliarMediterraneanmeroblast-fish.Thisspecimenwastentimesthesizeofouroldacquaintances:

heweighedatleastfourhundredpounds.Thewide，flatheadandtinyeyesadvancedonDumas;theuglymouthyawnedopen，wideenoughtoadmithim.Dumasknewthatsedentarygroupershavenoteethtospeakof;itseemed，however，thatthisindividualmightwishtoswallowhim

unmasticatedinthefashionofthemerotypewhichswimsagape（J<^fe^[1錯），takinginwholeoctopuses（章角•）•

Thecavernousmouthapproachedwithintwofeet;Dumassculledbackward，watchfullykeepingamodestintervalasthemonsterunhurriedlyfollowed.TheknowledgethatthespecieswasharmlessgaveDumaslittlecomfortashegazedintothefish’smouth;heandthegrouperexchangedmutualstaresofrevulsionforaseeminglyinterminableperiodwhileDumaswassteadilypressedback.Thenthebeastlostinterest，turnedaside，andreturnedtoitsdimhomeunderthelostsubmarine.Dumassurfacedinareflectivemood:

’’Imaginebeingswallowedbyalousygrouper,

23.Dumasencounteredthejewfishwhile.

A）tryingtolocateanoldwreck.

B）skinfishinginDakarharbor.

C）swimmingnearafounderedsubmarine.

D）attemptingtosalvageasubmarine.

24.Thegiganticfishwasactually.

A）anextraordinarilylargepomfret.

C）akindofgrouperfish.

B）amero.

D）bothBandC.

25.Thistypeoffishwassupposedtobe.

A）dangerousifprovoked.B）vicious.

C）harmless.D）afraidofman.

26.Dumasregardedthefishwith.

A）tolerantamusement.

B）immediateterror.

C）completeobjectivity.

D）increasingsuspicion.

27.ItseemedtoDumasthatthefishwishedto.

A）drivehimawayfromitshome.

B）swallowhimwhole.

C）protcctitself.

D）forcehimtosurface.

28.Dumas’commentonsurfacingexpressed•

A）terroratanearescape.

B）shameathisreactiontothefish.

C）theunreasonablenessofthesituation.

D）revulsionforthefish.

29.Impliedbutnotstated:

Thefish.

A）intendedtoeatDumas.

B）actedoutofsimplecuriosity.

C）livedunderthesubmarine.

D）hadbeenmisidentifiedbyDumas.

Passage3

Rerunsofsituationcomediesfromthefiftiesandearlysixtiesdramatizethekindsofproblemsthatparentsusedtohavewiththeirchildren.TheCleaversscoldBeaverfornotwashinghishandsbeforedinner，theAndersonspunishBudfornotdoinghishomework;theNelsonsdocklittleRicky’sallowancebecausehekeepsforgettingtocleanhisroom.Buttimeshavechangeddramatically.Beingaparenttodayismuchmoredifficultthanitwasagenerationago.

Today’sparentsmusttry，firstofall，tocontrolallthenewdistractionsthattemptchildrenawayfromschoolwork.Athome，achildmayhavearoomfurnishedwithastereoandtelevision.NotmanyyoungpeoplecanresisttheurgetolistentoanalbumorwatchMTV-cspccicillyifitistimetodoschoolwork.Outsidethehome,thedistractionsareevenmorealluring，childrennolonger“hangout”onaneighborhoodcornerwithinearshotofMomorDad’sremindertocomeinanddohomework..Instead，，theycongregateinvastshoppingmalls,buzzingvideoarcadesandgleamingfast-foodrestaurants.Parentsandschoolassignmentshaveobviousdifficultycompetingwithsuchenticingalternatives.

Besidesdealingwiththesedistractions，parentsalsohavetoshieldtheirchildrenfromafloodofsexuallyexplicitmaterials.Today，childrencanfindsexmagazinesandpornographicpaperbacksinthesamecomerstorethatonceofferedonlycomicsandcandy.Moreover,themoviesyoungpeopleattendoftenfocusonhighlysexualsituations.Itisdifficulttoteachchildrentraditionalvalueswhenfilmsshowteachersseducingstudentsandyoungpeopletreatingsexasacasualsport.Anevenmoredifficultmatterforparentsistheheavilysexualcontentofprogramsontelevision.

Mostdisturbingtoparentstoday，however，istheincreaseinlife-threateningclangersthatfaceyoungpeople.Whenchildrenaresmall,parentsfearthattheiryoungstersmaybevictimsofviolence.Everynewsprogramseemstocarryareportaboutamassmurdererwhopreysonyounggirls，adeviantwhohasburiedsixboysinhiscellar,oranorganizedchildpornographyringthatmolestspreschoolers.Whenchildrenareolder，parentsbegintoworryabouttheirkids’useofdrugs.Peerpressuretoexperimentwithdrugsisoftenstrongerthanparents’warnings.Thispressuretoexperimentcanbefatalifthedrugshavebeenmixedwithdangerouschemicals.

Withinonegeneration,theworldasaplacetoraisechildrenhaschanged

dramatically.Onewondershowyesterday’sparentswouldhavedealtwithtoday’sproblems.CouldtheAndersonshavekeptBudawayfromMTV?

CouldtheNelsonshaveshieldedlittleRickyfromsexuallyexplicitmaterial?

CouldtheCleavershaveprotectedBeaverfromdrugs?

Parentsmustbeawareofallthesedistractionsanddangers，yetbewillingtogivetheirchildrenthefreedomtheyneedtobecomeresponsibleadults.Itisnotaneasytask..

30.Parentstodaymustprotecttheirchildrenfromallofthefollowingexcept.

A）Drugabuse

B）Life-threateningsituations

C）Drinkingtoomuchbeverage

D）Sexuallyexplicitmaterials

31.Traditionalvaluesbecomemoredifficultforyoungergenerationtoacceptbecause

A）Teacherssetbadexamplesforstudents

B）BadsideeffectsonchildrenfromTVandfilmsoutweighthetraditionaleducation

C）Parentsfailedineducatingtheirchildren

D）Theyoungergenerationcannotresistthetemptationfromallsortsofdistractions

32.Accordingtotheauthor，whattheparentsnowmostfearforabouttheirchildrenis

A）PhysicaldangersB）.ViolentTVprograms

C）EnticingalternativesD）.Sexmagazines

33.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetowardsbeingaresponsibleparent?

A）Frustrated.B）Pessimistic.

C）.Wait-and-see.D）Positive

34.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatparentstoday.

A）Mustpaymuchmoreattentiontotheirchildren’sbehavior

B）Havetostrengthentheeducationontraditionalvalues

C）Havetostrikeabalancebetweentheirneedtoprovidelimitationsandtheirchildren’sneedforfreedom

D）Mustpreventtheirchildrenfromallkindsofseductionsofthesociety

35.Theauthordevelopshermainideaby.

A）Complainingaboutsomesocialinfluencesonchildren

B）Comparingeducationofyesterdaywiththatoftoday

C）Explainingparents’worriestoday

D）StatingherownpointswithvividexamplesPassage4

Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesincontactwiththem.Theirvalues—thiscan’tberepeatedtoooften—arenotnecessarilyourvalues.Physicalcomfort，cl