广东深圳高三上学期第二次教学质量检测 英语含答案.docx

广东深圳高三上学期第二次教学质量检测 英语含答案.docx

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广东深圳高三上学期第二次教学质量检测英语含答案

2020届高三年级第二次教学质量检测

英语卷

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

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回答非选择题时将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

NewYork'sbestclassesforkidsincludesportsclasses,performingartsclasses,artclasses,languageprogramsandbabyclasses.Makesureyourkidsarereadyfornewadventureswiththesesuper-coolofferings!

92ndStreetYClasses

Atthisinstitutionyourmusiciancanlearnhowtoplayaninstrument.After-schoolclassesexaminedifferentmusicalpiecesandencourageworkinagroupsetting.Attheendoftheprogram,miniMozartscanimpresstheirfamilyandfriendsatopen-houseperformances.Plus，whenthey'renotjamming，kidscantakeadvantageofhomeworkhelpintheClubhouse,wheretheyaredividedupbygradelevel.Ages5-15.

TheCliff'satLIC.

Afteradayoffightingtheacademicobstaclecourseatschool,yourfavoriteachieverscanreachnewheightsonarock-climbingwall.TheCliffs'offeringsallowdevelopingbodiestobuildmusclestrength.Forexample,introductorysessionsteachclimbershowtotiesafetyknots（结）aswellasotherbasics,masteringthemwithhands-ongamesandactivities.TheCliffsatLIC,LongIslandCity.Ages6-18.

StatenIslandSkatingPavilion

Thislargeareamaintainsitsyear-roundfrostytemperaturesforice-skatingfun.Coursesareofferedeverydayforavarietyofinterestsandskilllevels,andpublicandfreestylesessionsareavailableforchildrenwhowanttospendsomeafternoonstherewithoutinstruction.Ages4andup.

WestSideYMCA

Ifyourchildwantstolearnhowtoswim,you'dbepressedtofindmoreoptionsthanthoseofferedattheY.Kidsaregroupedbyageandcapability.Thecoursescoverpersonalsafetyandstroketechniques.Ifyouroffspringpreferdryland,theYalsooffersdance,basketballandfootball.Visitwebsiteforclassdescriptionsanddetailedpriceinformation.Ages5-18.

1.Whoisthepassageintendedfor?

A.Elementaryschoolteachers.B.Childrenaroundschoolage.

C.Familieslookingforattraction.D.Parentswithunder-agechildren.

2.Whicheventwillyouattendforoccasionalacademichelp?

A.TheCliffsatLIC.B.WestSideYMCA.

C.92ndStreetYClasses.D.StatenIslandSkatingPavilion.

3.WhatdoesStatenIslandSkatingPavilionprovide?

A.Aminiopen-houseperformanceattheendoftheprogram.

B.Coldtemperaturesalltheyearroundforice-skating.

C.Teachingofskatingindividedgroupsaccordingtotheirage..

D.Introductorylessonsonhowtoovercomethelearningobstacles.

B

Thatmorning,IdroppedoureldestatkindergartenandreturnedhometoletourtwoyoungerchildrenplaywhileIworkedonmymedicalreport.Itwaswonderful,butithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn'tmakingadifferenceinanyone'slife.Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow.Mycareerenabledmetoworkfromhome.Icouldworkfromhome,andbecomeafoster（领养）mother,providingsafetyforachildwhoneededitdesperately.

OnMondaymorning,IpickedupthephoneanddialedthenumberIhadgoogledforthenearestDepartmentofChildren'sServices.Themanontheotherendwasreceptivetomyquestionsandexplainedthenextstepoftraining,involvingeightweeksofclassesdesignedtoprepareandeducatefosterparents.Wecontinuedthroughalltheclasses,thehomevisits,backgroundchecks,andseeminglyendlesssteps.

Fivelongmonthsafterwewereapproved,thephonerang.Inthemiddleofthenight,IwokemyhusbandandrushedtoEastTennesseeChildren'sHospital.Ourplacementwaswaitingforusintheemergencyroom,sickandlackofnutrition.Itdidn'ttakelongforustorealizethefulldepthofhersuffering.Sixmonthslater,herhalf-brothercametousbyourrequest.Wenowhadfivechildrenunderourcare.

OnAugust12,2016,ourfamilyofsevenwalkedintoasmallcourtroom.Thechildren'slawyerandsocialworkerwerethere.Withjustafewwords，ouradoptionwasfinalized.Thesetwoamazingchildrenweren'tgoinghome,becausetheywerealreadyhome.Wearetheirforeverfamily,andtheyareourforeverchildren.Wemaynotbeabletochangetheentireworld,butwehavechangedtheworldentirelyforournewchildren.

4.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutherhospitalwork?

A.Lackinginmotivation.B.Unusuallydemanding.

C.Filledwithchallenges.D.Packedwithchances.

5.Whatledtheauthortodecidetoadoptchildren?

A.Shefeltsympatheticforabusedchildrensheknew.

B.Shewantedtomakeadifferenceinotherpeople.

C.Shefeltconfidentaboutherabilitytoraisechildren.

D.Sheexperiencedtrainingtoraisechildrenproperly.

6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"placement"inPara.3referto?

A.Thechildtobeadopted.B.Theneedtogettrained.

C.Theapprovalofadoption.D.Theofficialatthehospital.

7.Whydidtheauthorappearatthecourtroom?

A.Toputtheadoptedkidselsewhere.B.Toreceiveanotheradoptedchild.

C.Tomaketheadoptionofficiallylegal.D.Tobeginthekids'adoptioninherhome.

C

Thekakapo,abirdthatlivesinNewZealand，isnotdesignedforsurvival.Weighingupto4kilograms,itistheworld'sfattestparrot.Itmates（交配）onlywhentherimutreeisinfruit,whichhappenseveryfewyears.Itdevelopedgraduallyintheabsenceofland-basednaturalenemies,soinsteadofflyingabovethetreesitwalkslikeaduckacrossthedryforestfloor.Whenitmovesunsteadilyacrosssomethingthatmightkillit,itwillstandstill.

Suchunusualcharacteristicsturneditintofastfoodforhumansettlers,andforthecatsandratstheybroughtwiththem.Itseemedtohavedisappearedbythe1970s,untilscientistscameacrosstwoundiscoveredpopulationsinthecountry'ssouth.Thesesurvivorswereeventuallymovedtosmallenemy-freeislands,whereresearchershavespentdecadestryingtogetthemtobreed（繁殖）.

Thescientists'patienceisfinallyrewarded.Therimuwasinfruitthisyear,andmorethan80chickshatched，makingthisthebestbreedingseasononrecord.Manyhavesurvivedintoadolescence,increasingthenumberofadultkakaposbyathird,to200birds.

Anotherdangertothekakapoisalackofgeneticdiversity.Thisisonereasonwhyfewerthanhalfofkakapoegghatch.Byarrangingthegenome（基因组）ofeverylivingbird,scientistscanidentifyclosely–relatedindividualsandputthemondifferentislands.Everybirdisfittedwithsomethingtotrackitsslightestmovement.Ifafemalemateswithan“unsuitable”male,theprocesscanbestopped.

AlltheseeffortscostalmostNewZealand$1.3millionthisbreedingseason.Yetthekakapo'sfuturestilllooksunsafe.Earlierthisyearaseverediseasetorethroughthepopulation.Andtinyasthenumberofkakaposis,spaceisrunningoutonthetwoislandswheremostofthemlive.Newenemy-freesettlementmustsoonbefound.

8.Whichofthefollowingisadangerforthesurvivalofthekakapo?

A.Itisthesmallestbirdintheworld.B.Itlacksexerciseandusuallystandsstill.

C.Itadaptsslowlyingeneticdevelopment.D.Itcan'trespondactivelywhenfacingdanger.

9.Inwhatwaymaythescientists'patienceberewarded?

A.Theyhatched80kakapos'eggsthisyear.

B.Theytriedtomaketherimutreeinfruitthisyear.

C.Twosurvivorsweremovedtoenemy-freeislands.

D.50chickshatchedhavesurvivedintoadultsthisyear.

10.Whydidthescientistsputkakapoindifferentislands?

A.Tostopclosely-relatedkakaposmating.B.Toincreasethepopulationofkakapo.

C.Tostopfemalesmatingwithmales.D.Tohatchmorekakapos'eggs.

11.Accordingtotheauthor,theeffortstoprotectthekakapoinNewZealandare

A.successfulB.unsafeC.doubtfulD.inadequate

D

"Newandimproved."Thesewordsareputinsomanymarketingcampaignsthatwetendtoacceptthemaslinked.Butmanynewdrugsaren'tanimprovementoverthebestexistingdrugforagivencondition,andthefastdrug-approvalprocessesinrecentyearshaveaddedtotheuncertaintyabouttheiradvantages.

ArecentreportintheBritishMedicalJournal,"NewDrugs:

WhereDidWeGoWrongandWhatCanWeDoBetter?

"analysedtheissue.Theauthorslookedat216drugsapprovedbetween2011and2017;152werenewlydeveloped,and64wereexistingmedicineapprovedfornewuses.Only25%offeredamajoradvantageovertheestablishedtreatment,andfully58%hadnoconfirmedaddedbenefittoreducesymptomsorimprovehealth-relatedqualityoflife.

"Thisdoesn'tmeanthere'snoaddedbenefit,"leadauthorWieselersaid.“Itjustmeanswehavenopositiveproof.Eitherwehavenostudiesorhavestudiesnotgoodenough.”Wieselerandherco-authorsworkforaGermaninstitutewhichevaluatesnewtreatmentsandadvisesonwhetherthecountry'shealthcaresystemshouldpayapremium（补贴）forthem.Suchorganizations,knownashealthtechnologyassessment（HTA）agencies,workalittledifferentlyintheUS,saysSeanTunis,aresearcherinBaltimore:

“Ifpayersthinkanewdrugisn'tbetterthananexistingdrug,theseagencieswillrequirethathospitalstrythecheaperdrugfirst.”

Germany'sHTAdemandstrialstoprovethatanewtreatmentbeatstheexistingstandard.Thisisn'talwayspractical.Foronething,suchstudiescanbeexpensiveandtime-consuming,withnoguaranteeofsuccess.Secondly,itcandiscouragecompaniesfromattemptingtodevelopnewalternatives.Thisisalreadyhappening.Drugdevelopersareincreasinglyfocusedonareaswheretherearenogoodtreatmentstocompetewith,suchasrarediseases.

ThislackofmeaningfuldatatoguidepatientsisamajorpointofWieseler'spaper.Withacceleratedapproval,thereare