Unit 3 Inventors and invtions.docx
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Unit3Inventorsandinvtions
选修8unit3教案
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佚名教案来源：
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146更新时间：
2009-1-19
I单元教学目标
技能目标Goals
Talkaboutinventorsandinventions
Learnaboutthestagesusedinscientificresearch
Learntousethepastparticipleastheattribute
Writealetteraskingforajob
II目标语言
功
能
句
式
Makeatelephonecall
Holdtheline,please.
Hangon,please.
Justamoment,please.
I’msorry,butthisphoneisoutoforder.
Ican’tgetthrough.Sorry.
He/Sheisn’thim/herrightnow.
CanIringbacklater?
I’llringhim/herupagain.
Imustringoffnowbecause…
词汇
1.四会词汇
discovery,patent,distinguish,product,power,perfume,cube,abrupt,abruptly,convenient,expectation,monitor,passive,criterion,valid,application,file,committee,bear,jam,mess,forehead,dot,tap,wire,straw,current,importance,helicopter,triangle,stable,practical,refrigerator,court,version
2.认读词汇
amphibious,Stephenson,GeorgeStephenson,jelly,freezer,overnight,release,recognition,claim,rod,precede,AlexanderGrahamBell,microphone,occasionally,multiple,Morsecode,inspiration,reproduce,tetrahedron,invaluable,JamesDyson
3.词组
callup,nowandthen,setabout,incase,trafficjam,beatentrack,diveinto,setout（todo）,intruth,hangon,outoforder,getthrough,ringback,ringoff
4．重点词汇
discovery,convenient,distinguish,application,expectation,importance,practical,bear
重点句子
1.ThefirstthingItriedtodowastoseeiftherewereproductsthatmighthelpme,butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes.P20
2.Betweentheoutsideandinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly,whichfreezeshardwhencooled.P20
3.Thecriteriaaresostrictthatitisdifficultfornewideastobeacceptedunlesstheyaretrulynovel.P21
4.Norwillyoureceiveapatentuntilasearchhasbeenmadetofindoutthatyourproductreallyisdifferentfromeverybodyelse’s.P21
5.Hefoundthatbypressinghislipsagainsthismother’sforehead,hecouldmakethebonesmoveinsuchawaythatshecouldunderstandwhathewassaying.P25
6.Hedesignedamachinethatwouldseparatedifferentsoundwavesandallowdifferentconversationstobeheldatthesametime.P25
7.Althoughhewillalwaysbeknownforhisinventionofthetelephone,hewasintruthacontinuingsearcherafterpracticalsolutionstoimprovethequalityofeverybody’slife.P26
III.教材分析与教材重组
1.教材分析
本单元以Inventorsandinventions为话题，旨在通过单元教学，使学生能了解发明和发现的区别，了解发明创造的过程和获得专利的条件，学习发明家的成功事例；能灵活运用基础句型描述中外古代和现代发明，谈论不同发明的优缺点及其现实意义；根据不同问题及条件设计、改进发明并阐述自己的观点；能写出一封有创新的求职申请，阐述自己的特长和优势，能对别人的发明、创造或观点提出意见或建议；并能运用所学知识利用现实生活中有限材料进行发明创造。
1.1WarmingUp提供了三幅不同发明或发现的图片，让学生运用已有的知识和经验，区分发明和发现的不同含义；并能与同伴合作描述现代发明在现实生活中的作用。
1.2Pre-Reading要求学生将课本所列关于进行科学研究或发明创造所必须经历的几个阶段（步骤或过程）进行正确的排序。
了解每一项发明在得到社会承认前都必须经历一个过程。
1.3READING是一篇记叙性的文章。
作者在文中详细介绍了从发现问题（snaketrouble）、分析问题（productsthatmighthelp）到解决问题（removethesnakes）的全过程，并介绍了专利申请方面的一些知识。
1.4Comprehending第一个训练题要求学生根据课文内容回答问题；第二个训练要求学生运用科学步骤设计一项发明解决课本所提供的三个问题，并与同学交流观点。
第三个训练题要求学生通过进行角色表演活动，学会对某一发明做出评价并确定其能束获得专利。
1.5LearningaboutLanguage分两部分。
第一部分要求学生利用填空、改写句子的方式复习所学词汇及表达法。
第二部分重点练习过去分词作定语的用法。
1.6UsingLanguage分成四部分。
第一部分Reading要求学生阅读一篇介绍发明家AlexanderGrahamBell的文章并回答有关问题，了解电话发明者贝尔的发明及其成功的原因。
第二部分ListeningandSpeaking是一段关于ZhouRui对一家发明公司的工程师进行电话采访的听力材料。
要求学生掌握电话交谈常用表达；并在此基础上进行角色扮演活动，即求职者与公司考核人员之间的电话交谈。
第三部分Writing要求学生写一封求职信，列举自己的优势、特长和工作经历向这家发明公司提出求职申请。
2.教材重组
2.1从话题内容上及训练目标分析，WarmingUp与Speaking和Workbook中的TALKING相一致，可将这三部分整合在一起，设计成一节任务型“口语课”。
2.2将Listeningandspeaking和Workbook中的LISTENING,LISTENINGTASK整合在一起，设计成一节"听力课"。
2.3可将Pre-reading,Reading和Comprehending三个活动整合在一起上一节“阅读课
（一）”。
2.4可将Learningaboutlanguage与Workbook中的USINGWORDSAND语EXPRESSIONS，USINGSTRUCTURES整合在一起上一节“语法课”。
2.5可将UsingLanguage中Reading和Workbook中READINGTASK整合起来,上一节“阅读课
（二）”。
2.6将UsingLanguage中的writing和Workbook中的WRITINGTASK整合成一节“写作课”。
3.课型设计与课时分配
1stperiodSpeaking
2ndperiodListening
3rdperiodReading（I）
4thperiodGrammar
5thperiodReading（II）
6thperiodWriting
Ⅳ.分课时教案
TheFirstPeriodSpeaking
Teachinggoals教学目标
1.Targetlanguage目标语言：
重点词汇和短语
discovery,application,evaluate,presentation,alternative,messenger,gettogether,makeacasefor,addup
2.Abilitygoals能力目标
Enablethestudentstotalkaboutinformationanddifferent.
3.Learningabilitygoals学能目标
Helpthestudentslearnhowtotalkaboutinventionsanddiscoveries.
Teachingimportant&difficultpoints教学重难点
Howtotalkaboutinventionsanddiscoveries.
Teachingmethods教学方法
Discussion.
Teachingaids教具准备
Acomputerandaprojector.
Teachingprocedures&ways教学过程与方法
StepIWarmingup
Talkaboutinventionsanddiscoveries.
T:
Theimportanceofinventionstosocialprogresscanneverbechanged.Enchinventioncarriestheworldastepforwardandprovidesstimulationforlaterones.Whitinventionsturningupallthetime,ourworldisalwaystakingonanewlook.Butdoyouknowwhataninventionis?
S1:
Thecreationofsomethingnew
S2:
Acreation（anewdeviceorprocess）resultingfromstudyandexperimentation.
S3:
Thecreationofnewthings.
…
Askthestudentstotalkaboutthepictureswiththeteacher’shelp,andthendiscussthefirsttwoquestions.
T:
Andwhatisadiscovery?
What’sthedifferencebetweenadiscoveryandaninvention?
Nowlookatthepicturesonpage1.Workinpairsandtalkaboutthethreedifferentthings,tellingthemapartandgivingreasons.
Showthefollowing.
1.Whichothesepicturesshowinventions?
Doesanyofthemshowdiscoveries?
2.Workouttworulesthatwillhelpyoudecidewhatisadiscoveryandwhatisaninvention?
S1:
Ithinkthefirsttwoareinventions,i.e.theamphibiouscarandStevenson’s“Rocket”whilethelastpictureabouttheDNAisakindofdiscovery.Becausethefirsttwoproductswerequitenewtopeopleatthattimeandnoonehadeverseenordesignedsuchkindofvehiclesbeforethoughsomeothershadmadesimilarcarsormachineswhichhadlessfunctionsandadvantagesasthesetwo.IthinkthepictureabouttheDNAisakindofscientificdiscoveryinbiologybecausesuchcellsandtheirstructuredoexistinlivingcreaturesandtheyhavebeenfoundoutbyacertainscientistandaremadeknowntothepublicnowadays.SoIthinkadiscoveryissomethingexistingbeforebutunknownwhileaninventionissomethingunknownandnotexistingbefore.
S2:
Ithinkthefirsttwopicturesshowusgreathumaninventionsaboutthetransportationbecausetheywereinventedbypeopleforcertainpurposesandtheyhadspecialadvantagesandcouldsatisfypeople’sneedsinsomeways.OntheotherhandthethirdpictureshowingtheformationofDNAisakindofdiscoverybecausethesespecialcellsexistandfunctioninthebodyoflifeallthetimenomatterwhodiscoversitorwhenandwhereitisdiscovered.Inmyopinionadiscoveryissomethingfoundoutorbroughttoviewnowbutitwasunknownbeforewhileaninventionissomethingcreatedordesignedbypeople,whichiscompletelynewnotonlynowbutinthepast.
T:
Well,fromthesepictureswecanseethatthereliesdifferencesbetweenadiscoveryandaninvention.Therearecertainrulesorquestionsyoushouldpayattentiontowhiledistinguishingthem.Diditexistinthepast?
Isitcreatedordevelopedbypeople?
Aninventionissomethingthatiscreatedbyahumanbeing,suchasthelightningrod.Tothecontrary,adiscoverymerelymakesknownsomethingthatalreadyexistedinnature,suchasthediscoveryontheNewContinentbyColumbia.OK.Let’sgoonwithsomeotherquestionsofthispart.Youmaytalkwithyourpartnerfirstbeforewehaveacheckfiveminuteslater.
Showthefollowing.
Whatmoderninventionsdoyouknow?
Describethemtoyourpartnerandhowusefultheyareinlifetoday.
S1:
Adidas1isthethinkingshoeswithabuilt-inmicroprocessorthatdecideshowsoftorfirmthewearerneedsthesupport.IthasbeenchosenbyPopularSciencemagazineasthebestrecreationinventionof2004.Itisverycomfortabletowearitalldaywithoutworryingaboutyourtoesbeinghurtandyoucanadjusttheheightandstiffnessaccordingtoyourdemandswheneveryouwantandwhereveryougo.Thusitisaverypracticalchoiceforboththeyoungandtheoldwhenhavingexcitingsportsoutdoorsorrestingathomeduringholidays.
S2:
Cameraphoneshaveopenedupanewwaytocommunicate.Becausemanyofthemlooklikeregularcellphones,youcansnappicturesasdiscreetlyasanyspyand,withthepushofafewbuttons,popthemintoane-mailoruploadthemtotheWebinlessthanaminute.NowiresortotheWebinlessthanaminute.Nowiresorcomputerhookupsnecessary.Tobesure,mostcameraphonesenduptakingpicturesoffriendsfamily,babiesandpets.ButtheyhavealsobeenusedtosnappicturesofVIPsatprivateparties,copyrecipesfromcookbooksatbookstoresandevendocumentcrimesinprogress.Butwithanestimated80millioncameraphonessoldin2003,6millionintheU.S.alone?
thecatmayalreadybeoutofthecamerabag.Likeitornot,thesecameraphoneshavebeenverypopularandwidelyusedbypeopleeventoday.
S3:
AkindofrobotheartcalledAbioCorwasinventedin2001.OnJuly2,2001,the59-year-oldgrandfatherandretiredlibrarianRobertToolsbecamethefirsthumantogetone.It’sbeenlongsincetheoperation,andTools’newheartisstillbeating.Hecanwalkacityblockwithoutstoppingandhe’sevenmakingplansforthefuture.Thoughnoteverybodyneedsanewheart,hundredsofthousandseventuallymay.Norwillanartificialheartridtheworldofsicknessorpovertyorterror.Butsometimesitreallyhelps.
T:
Verygood!
Iamglad
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