考博英语辅导讲义.docx

考博英语辅导讲义.docx

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考博英语辅导讲义

北京考博英语辅导班讲义

英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组

一、政治类：

把…捐给慈善机构donate…tocharities

把…看成社会公敌lookupon…asathreattosociety

把…列为基本国策list…..asfundamentalnationalpolicies

把…作为指导take…astheguide

把理论和实际结合起来integratetheorywithpractice…

把握大局grasptheoverallsituation

摆脱贫穷落后getridofpovertyandbackwardness

保护妇女权利不受侵犯guarantee（protect）women’srightsagainstinfringement

采取各种措施adoptvariousmeasures

参政、议政participateinthemanagementofStateaffairs

充满信心和力量befilledwithconfidenceandstrength

打破僵局breakthedeadlock

打破禁区breakoffaforbiddenzone

得出结论draw（arriveat,cometoreach）aconclusion

锻造一支人民军队forgeapeople’sarmy

对…具有深远的影响haveafar-reachingimpacton

对…做出重要（巨大）贡献makeimportant（great,major）contributionsto

反对各种形式的恐怖主义beopposedtoallformsofterrorism

反腐倡廉combatcorruptionandbuildacleangovernment

高举伟大旗帜holdhighthegreatbanner

给…带来机遇和挑战present（bring）bothopportunitiesandchallengesto

根除（防止,消除）***rootout（prevent,eliminate）corruption

观察当今世界observethepresent-dayworld

缓和紧张状况easethetension

回顾奋斗历程reviewthecourseofstruggle

加快改革步伐acceleratethespeedofreform

加强舆论监督ensurethatthecorrectorientationismaintainedinpublicopinion

坚持改革开放政策adheretothereformandopenpolicy

坚持统一，反对分裂，增加persistinreunification,opposeseparation,increase

了解，化解歧见understandingandironoutdifferences

减轻农民负担alleviatefarmer’sburden

解放思想emancipateourminds

解决温饱问题solvetheproblemoffoodandclothing

解决新问题resolvenewproblems

进入世界先进行列edgeintotheadvancedranksintheworld

进入新时期enteranewperiod

进行和谈holdpeacetalks

进行战略性调整makestrategicreadjustment

就…接受妥协acceptacompromiseon

开发西部remakethewest

开始生效gointoeffect（enterintoforce）

开拓前进openupnewwaysforward

科教兴国rejuvenateourcountrythroughscienceandeducation

理顺关系rationalizetherelationship

履行权利和义务performtheresponsibilitiesandobligations

迈出重要的一步makeanimportantstep

热爱和平lovepeace

深化改革deepenthereform

审时度势sizeupthesituation

实现发展繁荣bringaboutdevelopmentandprosperity

实现民族独立realizenationalindependence

实现夙愿fulfillthelong-cherishedwishes

实现小康目标achievethegoalofensuringourpeoplearelativecomfortablelife

实现中华民族伟大复兴bringaboutagreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation

实行新政策practicenewpolicies

受到全世界广泛关注attractextensiveattentionworldwide

缩小差别bridge（narrow）thegap

完成中华民族的振兴大业implementtherevitalizationofournation

维护世界和平maintainworldpeace

吸收各国文明的先进成果absorbwhatisadvancedinothercivilizations

下放权力给delegatethemanagementof...（to...）

响应号召respondtothecall

修改法律amendthelaws

宣布…召开announcetheopeningof

徇私枉法bendthelawforthebenefitofrelativesorfriends

依法治国governthecountryaccordingtolaw

引起全国的关注arousetheconcernofthewholenation

引起全世界广泛关注attractextensiveattentionworldwide

赢得一个又一个胜利winonevictoryafteranother

在…中起（至关）重要作用playamajor（crucial,animportant）rolein

增强凝聚力enhancetherallypower

增强综合国力和国际竞争enhancecomprehensive（overall）nationalstrengthand

internationalcompetitiveness

展望伟大征程lookintothegreatjourney

展现生机和活力displayone’svigorandvitality

战胜无数的困难overcomenumerousdifficulties

振兴西部revivethewest

振兴中华民族rejuvenate（revitalize）ournation

政企不分mixupthefunctionsofthegovernmentandenterprises

政企分开separategovernmentfunctionsfromenterprisemanagement

政务公开makegovernmentaffairspublic

主张各国政府采取行动urgegovernmentsofallcountriestotakeaction

抓住机遇seizetheopportunity

转变政府职能transform（shift）thegovernmentfunctions

追求进步pursueprogress

追求真理seekthetruth

走进新时代march（stride）intothenewera.

遵纪守法、廉洁奉公observetherelevantcodeofconductandthe

lawandhonestlyperformone'sofficialduties

遵循规则followtheprinciples

二、经济类

爱岗敬业cherishpostsanddevotewholeheartedlytowork

保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintainagoodmomentumofgrowthinthenationaleconomy

保持国有股keeptheState-heldshares

保证下岗职工的基本生活guaranteethebasicneedsoflaid-offworkers

被指控接受贿赂beaccusedofacceptingbribes

采取不同的办法adoptvariousmethods

采取反垄断措施takeanti-monopolymeasures

承担风险bear（take）risk

筹集足够的资金raiseenoughfunds（capital,proceeds）

创收外汇earnforeignexchange（currency）

刺激国内经济需求spurdomesticdemand

刺激国内需求stimulatedomesticdemand

从粗放经济转变为集约经济shiftfromextensiveeconomytointensiveeconomy

从国外引进先进技术和管理introducefromabroadtheadvancedtechnologyand

经验managementexpertise

促进地区间的合作promoteregionalcooperation

促进改革promotereform

促进全球经济一体化fosterintegrationwiththeglobaleconomy

打黑crackdownonspeculationandprofiteering

打假takestrongmeasuresagainstfakeandshoddyproducts（crackdownoncounterfeitgoods）

打破垄断breakthemonopoly

对…提出控告（投诉）lodgecomplaintsagainst…

对…造成（构成）威胁form（pose）athreatto…

夺回失去的市场takebacklostmarket

发挥自身优势givefullplaytoone’sadvantages

防范和化解金融风险takeprecautionsagainstandreducefinancialrisks

改善投资环境improvetheenvironmentforinvestment

赶超先进surpasstheadvanced

给…带来积极影响bringamorepositiveimpacton…

根据市场作出调整gearourselvestothemarketorientation

公证财产notarizetheproperties

和…达成（签订）协议reach（sign）anagreementwith

和…进一步合作furthercooperationwith

和…有合作关系havecooperativetieswith

活跃市场enliventhemarket

集中精力把经济建设搞上去goalloutforeconomicdevelopment

计算出准确的工资水平figureoutanexactsalarylevel

加快经济发展和结构调整speedupeconomicdevelopmentandrestructuring

加快竞争步伐acceleratethecompetition

加快努力speedupefforts

加强风险防范prepareoneselfagainstpossiblerisks

加强管理reinforcethemanagement

减缓通货紧缩的压力easetheseriousnessofdeflation

减轻…的负担reduce（lighten）theburdenof（on）

减员增效downsizeforefficiency;cutpayrolltoimproveefficiency

剪彩cuttheribbon

解除劳动关系severlaborrelation

解放生产力emancipatetheproductiveforces（freetheproductivity）

精简机构streamlinegovernmentorgans

竟争上岗competeforthepost

举报非法行为discloseanyillegalactivities

开辟更多渠道openmorechannels

开发（青睐）中国市场tap（favor）theChinesemarket

开拓市场controlinflation（keepinflationundercontrol）

扩大贫富差距widenthegapbetweentherichandthepoor

扩大消费市场expandconsumptionmarket

留职停薪retainthejobbutsuspendthesalary

面对可能的压力和竞争facepossiblepressureandcompetition

牟取暴利seekexcessiveprofits

平衡经济（的发展）balanceeconomy

取缔非法收入banunlawfulincomes（illegalearnings）

让…处于同一起跑线put…onthesameplatformandatthesamestartingpoint

让位于竞争需要givewaytotheneedforcompetition

申请专利applyforapatent

实现目标realizethegoal

适应…的发展adaptoneselftothedevelopmentof

损失惨重suffergreatlosses

缩小不平衡状态decreasetheimbalance

缩小…间的距离narrowthegapbetween

提高公务员工资raisethesalariesofcivilservants

提高管理水平raisethemanagementlevel

提高居民生活improveresidents’standardofliving

调整产业结构adjusttheindustrialstructure

推广科研成果turnlaboratoryachievementsintocommercial（mass

production（commercializelaboratoryachievements）

退还大量钱款givebackanamountofmoney

脱贫致富cast（shake,throw）offpovertyandsetoutonaroadtoprosperity

完善服务perfectservices

为…带来多种经济和社会效益　bringmultipleeconomicandsocialbenefitsto…

为…提供巨大商机presenthugebusinessopportunities

吸收游资absorbidlefund

吸引外商投资attractforeigninvestment

下海plungeintothecommercialsea

陷入困境landoneselfindeeptrouble

向…投资巨额资金investhugeamountsofmoneyinto

消灭假冒伪劣产品wipeoutfakeproducts

以经济建设为中心focusonthecentraltaskofeconomicconstruction

以质量求生存、求发展、求效益striveforsurvival,developmentand

efficiencyonthebasisofquality

优胜劣汰selectthesuperiorandeliminatetheinferior

优先发展公共运输giveprioritytothedevelopmentofpublictransportation

有巨大潜力havehugepotentialfor

与国际市场接轨integratewiththeworldmarket;becomeintegratedintotheglobalmarket

在…建立分公司setupbranchesin

造成很大压力poseabigpressureon

造成损失causealossto

增加农业投入investmoreinagriculture

占领市场10%occupy（take,accountfor）10percentofthemarket

招商引资attract（bidfor,invite）investments（fromoverseas）

制订…法律makealawof

制定优惠政策workoutfavorablepolicy

制造假象createsmokescreenstodo

阻碍…的经济发展　　handicap（hamper）theeconomicdevelopment

阻止人才流失stopthetalentflight（braindrain）

遵循市场经济的规律followthelawofmarketeconomy

三、文化生活类

把…列为世界自然文化遗产list…asaworldnaturalheritagesite

摆架子（摆谱儿）putonairs（showoff,keepupappearances）

保护文化遗产protectculturalheritage（relics）

博采各国文化之长drawonstrongpointoftheculturesofothercountries

不注重历史neglecthistory

采取保护态度takeprotectiveattitude

承担应有的义务undertakethedueobligations

承前启后，继往开来buildonthepastandprepareforthefuture,

inheritthepastandusherinthefuture

充分发挥知识分子的积极性　　givefullplaytotheinitiativeandcreativityofintellectuals

和创造性

触击现行法律的盲区touchablankareaoftheexistinglaw

创建卫生城市buildanationallyadvancedcleancity

辞旧迎新bidfarewelltotheoldandusherinthenew

（ringouttheoldyearandringinthenew）

从事电子商务工作conducte-commerce

促进儿童身心健康发展promotethehealthydevelopmentof

childrenbothphysicallyandmentally

促进交流promotethecommunication

促进文化市场健康发展facilitatethesounddevelopmentofthemarketsforculturalproducts

促进相互了解enhance（further）mutualunderstanding

得到群众的广泛支持enjoygrass-rootsupport

抵住…的诱惑resistthetemptationof

对…持欢迎态度takeawelcomingattitudeto

对…情有独钟showspecialpreference（favor）to

发挥…的聪明才智developone’sowntalentsandwisdom

发挥潜力tapone’spotential

繁荣文学艺术enableliteratureandarttoflourishpromoteflourishingliteratureandart

反映中国的灿烂文化reflecttherichcultureofChina

放下架子relinquishhaughtyairs（getoffone’shighhorse,throwoffone’sairs）

腐蚀人的灵魂poisonone’smind

改进教学improveteachingandlearning

给学生减负alleviatetheburdenonstudents

和…持相同观点shareviewssimilarto

互派访问学者exchangevisitingscholar