小学英语全部知识点复习精华版.docx
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小学英语全部知识点复习精华版
英语复习小结
(3)paper,newspaper,hair,time,money,homework,
一、名词:
有可数名词和不可数名词。
housework
1、可数名词有单数、复数之分,
不可数名词的数量常表示如下
名词复数形式的构成规则:
twobottlesofmilkacupofjuicehalfa
(1)一般在名词词尾加“s‖kiloofcheese
如:
teacher—teachersegg---eggs
abagofricethreekilosofmeatsome
(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词加eswater
如class---classesbox--boxesbus--buses
二、人称代词
watch--watches
人称代词包括主格和宾格。
主格在句中作主语,宾
(3)以辅音字母+y的名词变y为i再加es
格用于动词或介词后作宾语。
如:
story---storieslibrary---libraries,
主Iweyouhesheitthey
dictionary----dictionaries
格
hobby---hobbies
宾meusyouhimheritthem
(4)以f,fe结尾的名词,变f,fe为v加es
格
如:
life---livesleaf---leaveshalf---halves
你,
他她它他们我我
knife---kniveswolf-wolves
们你
wife---wives
们
(5)以o结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加es
Wearegoingtohaveapicnic.Letusgo.
hero---heroesmango---mangoes
ImisseveryoneinChina.Whocanhelp
potato---potatoestomato---tomatoes
me?
其余加s(目前所学的词)zoo---zoos
Whatishedoing?
Heistryingtogetonthebus.
kilo---kilos
Lookathim.
radio—radiosphoto---photospiano--
Shecan’thear.Thisdoghelpsher.
pianos
TellmemoreabouttheGreatWall.
(6)不规则名词单复数形式
三.物主代词
如:
child—childrenwoman---women
物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代
man---menfoot---feettooth---teeth
词。
有的可数名词单、复数形式相同,如Japanese,
形容词性物主代词后需跟名词,名词性物主代词后
Chinese,sheep,
不用跟。
如:
Ihaveonesheep.Hehastwosheep.
名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词的
含义
2、不可数名词没有复数形式
不可数名词有:
(1)milk,water,juice,tea,ice;
(2)food,rice,meat,fish,chicken,bread,cheese
1
形myouryourhisheritstheirWhogaveittoyou?
Simon’sfamilygaveit
容tome.
词Whocanhelpme?
Icanhelpyou.
性2.对事物或做某事提问用what
物Whatdoyouwant?
Iwantahot
主dog.
代Whatareyoudoing?
Iamreadinga
词book.
名mineoursyourshishersitstheirsWhatareyougoingtostudy?
I’mgoingto
词studyEnglish.
性Whatareyougoingtodo?
We’regoingto
物walkaroundthelake.
主What’sitabout?
It’sabout
代animals.
词3.对时间提问用when
你他她它他们Whenareyougoingtoeat?
We’regoingto我的我
们的,的的的的eatathalfpasttwelve.
Whenwasheborn?
Hewasbornin的你们
的1809.
4.对点钟提问用whattime
Whattimeisit?
It’stwelve.Thisismybook.=Thisbookismine.
Whattimedoyougetup?
IgetupatsixThisishisbag.=Thisbagishis.
o’clock.
Yourwatchisold,buthersisnew.
5.对地点提问用where
Thanksgivingismyfavouritefestival.
Wherewasheborn?
HewasborninWesay―Thankyou‖forourfood,familyandfriends.
France.四、疑问词
Whereareyou?
Iamonthetrain.who谁what什么when什么时候
Where’syourmum?
She’satthe
whattime几点
supermarket.
where哪里why为什么how怎样
6.对原因提问用why
howmuch多少
Whyareyouwearingaraincoat?
Becausehowmany多少howold多大
it’sgoingtorain.
whose谁的
7.对身体状况或方式提问用howwhatcolour什么颜色howlong多长
Howareyou?
I’mfine.
1.对人物提问用who
2
Howareyougoingtogotoschool?
I’mgoingtogoHemadeavideo.
toschoolbybus.否定句:
主语+didn't+动词原形+⋯⋯
6.对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用howmuchHedidn’tmakeavideo.
Howmuchisit?
It’sthirteendollarsand一般疑问句:
Did+主语+动词原形+⋯⋯.?
twenty-fivecents.Didhemakeavideo?
Howmuchmilkdoyouwant?
Iwanttwo
(2)be动词用was,were.否定句在was,
bottlesofmilk.were后加not.一般疑问句把was,were
7.对可数名词的数量提问用howmany
提前到句首。
Howmanybooksarethereonthedesk?
ShewasborninAmerica.
Therearethreebooksonthedesk.ShewasnotborninAmerica.
8.对年龄提问用howoldWassheborninAmerica?
Howoldareyou?
I’mtwelve.2.现在进行时
9.对“某人的”提问用whose
表示现在正在进行的动作
构成:
主语+am/is/are+现在分词+⋯⋯
Whosecapisthis?
It’sAmy’scap.
Whosepenisthat?
It’shispen.Thebirdsaresinginginthetrees.
否定句在am/is/are后加not.
10.对颜色提问用whatcolour
Whatcolourisit?
It’sblack.Thebirdsarenotsinginginthetrees.
一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。
11.对星期提问用whatday
Whatdayisittoday?
It’sMonday.Arethebirdssinginginthetrees?
12.Howlongisit?
3.一般将来时
It’saboutsixthousandsevenhundredkilometers.
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
经常与表示将来的时间连用。
如tomorrow(明天),
特殊疑问句语序:
疑问词+一般疑问句语序?
nextweek(下周),nextyear(明年)等。
构成:
(1)主语+will+动词原形+⋯⋯
例:
Howdoyougotoschool?
疑问词(做主语)+谓语动词Hewillpickuptheapples.
否定句在will后加not.
+⋯⋯?
例:
Whogaveittoyou?
Hewillnotpickuptheapples.
五.时态一般疑问句把will提前到句首。
8.一般过去时Willhepickuptheapples?
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
(2)主语+begoingto+动词原形+⋯⋯
经常与表示过去的时间连用。
如yesterday(昨
WearegoingtostudyFrench.
天),lastweek(上周),lastmonth(上个月),last否定句在am/is/are后加not.
year(去年),twomonthsago(两个月前)等。
WearenotgoingtostudyFrench.
构成:
(1)肯定句:
主语+动词过去式+⋯⋯一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句
3
首。
如:
study---studiedcopy---copiedcry---cried
AreyougoingtostudyFrench?
carry---carried
13.一般现在时4.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加ed,
表示经常性,习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
如:
stop---stoppeddrop---dropped
构成:
(1)主语+am/is/are+⋯⋯
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加
否定句在am/is/are后加not.一般疑问
记忆。
句把am/is/are提前到句首。
动词原形动词过去式动词原形动词过去式
HelenKellerisamodelforblindpeoplegowentcomecame
andforyouandme.becomebecamebringbrought
(2)肯定句:
主语+动词原形+⋯⋯saysaidputput
Theduckslikeit.teachtaughtcancould
否定句:
主语+don't+动词原形+⋯⋯readreadgivegave
Theducksdon’tlikeit.am/iswasarewere
一般疑问句:
Do+主语+动词原形dodidflyflew
+⋯⋯.?
havehadmakemade
Dotheduckslikeit?
runranseesaw
(3)肯定句:
主语(三单)+动词第三人称单数riderodewinwon
形式+⋯⋯
getgottelltold
Helikesnoodles.eatatesendsent
否定句:
主语+doesn't+动词原形+⋯⋯taketookbuybought
Hedoesn’tlikenoodles.sitsatmeetmet
一般疑问句:
Does+主语+动词原形writewrotedrawdrew
+⋯⋯.?
swimswamflyflew
Doeshelikenoodlesrinkdrankgivegave
ringrangfallfell
六.动词过去式形式
规则动词的过去式构成七.动词ing形式也是现在分词形式
9.一般在动词词尾加ed
现在分词的构成规则
如:
work---workedplay---playedwatch--1.一般在动词词尾直接加“ing”
watchedsleep---sleepinglook---looking
10.以e结尾动词在词尾加dwear---wearing
如:
live---lived
send---sendingeat---eating
11.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y变为i再加sing---singing
edgo---goingjump---jumping
4
play---playingWecan’tgonow.Ican’twrite
14.以不发音的e结尾的动词要去掉e再加上
Chinese.
“ing”
Ican’tcarryeverything.Hisfriendscan’t
write---writingcome---cominghearhim.
ride---ridingShecouldn’tseeandshecouldn’thear.
have---havingmake---making一般疑问句把can,could提前到句首。
shine---shiningtake---takingCanyouswim?
Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.
close--closingCanyouspeakEnglish?
CanIwriteto
15.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加“ing”
yourfriends?
get---gettingput---puttingsit---sittingCanyoubemyChinesepenfriend?
Yes,of
run---runningswim---swimmingcourse.
skip---skippingshop---shopping
十.反义词
big---smalllong---shortnew---old
八.动词第三人称单数形式tall---short
动词第三人称单数的构成规则young---oldheavy---lighteasy---hard/
1.大多数动词在词尾加“S.”difficult
stop-stopsmake-makesread-up---downearly---latefat---thin
readswhite---black
play-playssay[sei]-says[sez]cry---laughdifferent---same
2.以辅音字母加“y结”尾的,要先将“y变”为“,i”然inside---outsidehot---cold
后在加“es”
happy---sadgood---badclean---dirty
fly-fliescarry-carriesstudy-studiesbring---take
worry-worriesthis---thatthese---thosealways---never
3.以“s,x,sh,ch,o”结尾,在词尾加“es.”woman---man
teach-teacheswatch-watchesgo—goes
do--does
十一、同音词
九、情态动词can过去式could后加动词原形
for---fourson---sunhour---ourtoo--
IcanwriteEnglish.two
Icancarrythisbag.Icanhelpright---writeeye---Iaren’t---aunt
you.sent---cent
Wecanalwaysbefriends.Latershewhere---weartheir---thereby---buy
couldreadandwrite.see---sea
否定句在can,could后加not
十二.、近义词cannot=can’tcouldnot=couldn’t
5
good---wellstudy---learn
饮料:
milk牛奶tea茶orangejuice橙汁
十三、缩写形式与完全形式coffee咖啡
Iam=I’mheis=he’ssheis=she’scola可乐water水juice果汁
itis=it’s
颜色:
thatis=that’swhatis=what’sred红色的green绿色的yellow黄色的black
黑色的white白色的orange橙色的blue蓝色
letus=let’s
的purple紫色的pink粉红色的weare=we’retheyare=they’re
youare=you’re
星期:
cannot=can’tcouldnot=couldn’tMonday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期
shouldnot=shouldn’twillnot=won’t
三
I’ll=Iwillwe’ll=wewillThursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六
donot=don’tdoesnot=doesn’tSunday星期日
didnot=didn’t
月份:
ithasgot=it’sgotIhavegot=I’vegotJanuary一月February二月March三月April
四月May五月June六月July七月August
havenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’t
八月September九月October十月November
arenot=aren’tisnot=isn’t
十四、小学英语分类单词和词组十一月December十二月
季节:
天气:
spring春天summer夏天autumn秋天winter
rain下雨snow下雪rainy有雨的
冬天
snowy有雪的
数字:
hot炎热的cold寒冷的warm温暖的one一two二three三four四five五
cool凉爽的six六seven七
windy有风的sunny晴朗的eight八nine九ten十eleven十一
食物:
twelve十二
hamburger汉堡hotdog热狗sandwich三明治thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五
chip薯条chicken鸡肉fish鱼肉meat肉sixteen十六
noodles面条rice大米seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九
soup汤cake蛋糕bread面包twenty二十
cheese奶酪thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十
vegetable蔬菜fruit水果sausage香肠seventy七十
biscuit饼干eighty八十ninety九十onehundred一百
sweets糖果icecream冰激凌peanut花生onethousand一千onemillion一百万
6
衣服:
Bridge伦敦桥
T-shirtT恤衫dress裙子sweater毛衣trouserstheBritishMuseum大英博物馆the
裤子skirt短裙sock袜子shoe鞋coat外套,
LondonEye伦敦眼
上衣theGreatWall长城theSummerPalace颐和园
动物:
theChangjiangRiver长江theWestLake西湖
cat猫dog狗monkey猴panda熊猫theHuangshanMountain黄山
elephant大象TheMingTombs明十三陵MountQomolangma珠
tiger老虎lion狮子pig猪chameleon变色
穆朗玛峰
龙snake蛇mouse老鼠bear熊
球类:
kangaroo袋鼠frog青蛙playfootball踢足球playbasketball打篮球play
parrot鹦鹉bird鸟owl猫头鹰camel骆baseball打棒球playtabletennis打乒乓球play
驼volleyball打排球
家庭成员:
棋类:
grandmother奶奶grandfather爷爷playchess下象棋
grandparents祖父母
乐器:
mother妈妈father