培优练习Unit 5 First aid英语人教必修五学习文档.docx

培优练习Unit 5 First aid英语人教必修五学习文档.docx

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培优练习Unit5Firstaid英语人教必修五学习文档

Unit5Firstaid

这个工作可让学生分组负责收集整理,登在小黑板上,每周一换。

要求学生抽空抄录并且阅读成诵。

其目的在于扩大学生的知识面,引导学生关注社会,热爱生活,所以内容要尽量广泛一些,可以分为人生、价值、理想、学习、成长、责任、友谊、爱心、探索、环保等多方面。

如此下去,除假期外,一年便可以积累40多则材料。

如果学生的脑海里有了众多的鲜活生动的材料,写起文章来还用乱翻参考书吗?

培优练习

“教书先生”恐怕是市井百姓最为熟悉的一种称呼，从最初的门馆、私塾到晚清的学堂，“教书先生”那一行当怎么说也算是让国人景仰甚或敬畏的一种社会职业。

只是更早的“先生”概念并非源于教书，最初出现的“先生”一词也并非有传授知识那般的含义。

《孟子》中的“先生何为出此言也？

”；《论语》中的“有酒食，先生馔”；《国策》中的“先生坐，何至于此？

”等等，均指“先生”为父兄或有学问、有德行的长辈。

其实《国策》中本身就有“先生长者，有德之称”的说法。

可见“先生”之原意非真正的“教师”之意，倒是与当今“先生”的称呼更接近。

看来，“先生”之本源含义在于礼貌和尊称，并非具学问者的专称。

称“老师”为“先生”的记载，首见于《礼记?

曲礼》，有“从于先生，不越礼而与人言”，其中之“先生”意为“年长、资深之传授知识者”，与教师、老师之意基本一致。

（时间:

90分钟　满分:

120分）

死记硬背是一种传统的教学方式,在我国有悠久的历史。

但随着素质教育的开展,死记硬背被作为一种僵化的、阻碍学生能力发展的教学方式,渐渐为人们所摒弃;而另一方面,老师们又为提高学生的语文素养煞费苦心。

其实,只要应用得当,“死记硬背”与提高学生素质并不矛盾。

相反,它恰是提高学生语文水平的重要前提和基础。

第一部分　阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）

这个工作可让学生分组负责收集整理,登在小黑板上,每周一换。

要求学生抽空抄录并且阅读成诵。

其目的在于扩大学生的知识面,引导学生关注社会,热爱生活,所以内容要尽量广泛一些,可以分为人生、价值、理想、学习、成长、责任、友谊、爱心、探索、环保等多方面。

如此下去,除假期外,一年便可以积累40多则材料。

如果学生的脑海里有了众多的鲜活生动的材料,写起文章来还用乱翻参考书吗?

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）

唐宋或更早之前，针对“经学”“律学”“算学”和“书学”各科目，其相应传授者称为“博士”，这与当今“博士”含义已经相去甚远。

而对那些特别讲授“武事”或讲解“经籍”者，又称“讲师”。

“教授”和“助教”均原为学官称谓。

前者始于宋，乃“宗学”“律学”“医学”“武学”等科目的讲授者；而后者则于西晋武帝时代即已设立了，主要协助国子、博士培养生徒。

“助教”在古代不仅要作入流的学问，其教书育人的职责也十分明晰。

唐代国子学、太学等所设之“助教”一席，也是当朝打眼的学官。

至明清两代，只设国子监（国子学）一科的“助教”，其身价不谓显赫，也称得上朝廷要员。

至此，无论是“博士”“讲师”，还是“教授”“助教”，其今日教师应具有的基本概念都具有了。

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

ProfessorMartin’sreportsaysthatchildrenwhoattendanumberofschools,becausetheirparentshavetomovearoundthecountry,probablymakeslowprogressintheirstudies.Therearealsosigns,saysProfessorMartin,thatanunusuallylargenumberofsuchchildrenarementallyaffected.

Theprofessorsays,“It’strue,mypersonalfeelingisthatchildrenshouldstayinoneschool.OurfeelingsarebasedonresearchandnotonanypersonalfeelingthatIormanyassistantsmayhaveonthesubject.”

CaptainThomasJames,anarmylecturerforthepast20yearsandhimselfafatheroftwo,said,“I’veneverheardsuchrubbish.Takingmeforexample,noharmisdonetotheeducationofmychildrenwhochangeschoolregularly—iftheykeeptothesamesystem,asinourArmyschool.Inmyexperience—andI’veknownquiteafewofthem—Armychildrenareaswell-adjusted（适应）asanyothers,ifnotbetter.Whattheprofessordoesn’tappeartoappreciateisthefactthatinsuchsituationschildrenwilladapt（适应）muchbetterthangrown-ups.”

WhenthiswasputtoProfessor

Martin,hesaidthatatnotimehashisteamsuggestedthatallsuchchildrenwerebackwardormentallyaffectedinsomeway,butsimplythatintheirexperiencetherewasacleartendency（倾向）.

“Ourfindingsshowthatwhiletheverybrightchildcandealwithregularchangeswithoutharminghisorhergeneralprogressinstudies,themajority（大多数）ofchildrensufferfromconstantly（不断地）havingtoenteranewlearningsituation.”

1.ProfessorMartin’sreportsuggeststhat　　　. 

A.itmaynotbegoodforchildrentochangeschoolstoooften

B.parentsshouldnotmovearoundthecountry

C.childrenarenowmakingslowprogress

D.moreandmorechildrenarementallyaffected

2.Accordingtothepassage,ProfessorMartin’spersonalfeeling　　　. 

A.isoppositeofwhathisreporthasshown

B.isinawaysupportedbyhisresearch

C.hasplayedabigpartinhisresearch

D.isbasedonhisownexperienceasachild

3.Fromthepassage,wecanconcludethatCaptainJames’schildren　　　. 

A.havebeenaffectedbychangingschools

B.gotoordinarystateschools

C.cangetusedtotheArmyschooleducation

D.discusstheireducationregularlywiththeirfather

4.AccordingtoProfessorMartin,　　　sufferfromchangingschoolsregularly. 

A.armychildren　　　　B.quiteafewchildren

C.brightchildrenD.fewchildren

B

PerhapsyouhaveheardalotabouttheInternet,butwhatisit,doyouknow?

TheInternetisanetwork.Itusesthetelephonetojoinmillionsofcomputerstogetheraroundtheworld.

Maybethatdoesn’tsoundveryinteresting.Butwhenyou’vejoinedtotheInternet,therearelotsofthingsyoucando.Youcansende-mailstoyourfriends,andtheycangettheminafewseconds.YoucanalsodowithallkindsofinformationontheWorldWideWeb（WWW）.

Therearemanydifferentkindsofcomputersnow.TheyallcanbejoinedtotheInternet.Mostofthemaresmallmachinessittingonpeople’sdesksathome,buttherearestillmanyothersinschools,officesorlargecompanies.Thesecomputersareownedbypeopleandcompanies,butnoonereallyownstheInternetitself.

TherearelotsofplacesforyoutogointotheInternet.Forexample,yourschoolmayhavetheInternet,youcanuseitduringlessonsorfreetime.LibrariesoftenhavecomputersjoinedtotheInternet,youarewelcometouseitatanytime.

ThankstotheInternet,theworldisbecomingsmallerandsmaller.Itispossibleforyoutoworkathomewithacomputerinfront,gettingandsendingtheinformationyouneed.YoucanbuyorsellwhateveryouwantbytheInternet.Butdoyouknow98%oftheinformationontheInternetisinEnglish?

SowhatwillEnglishbeliketomorrow?

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.TheInternet.B.Information.C.Computers.D.E-mails.

6.Whichisthequickestwaytosendmessagestoyourfriends?

A.Bypost.B.Bye-mail.C.Bytelephone.D.Bysatellite.

7.Whichmaybethemostpossibleplaceforpeopletoworkintomorrow?

A.Intheoffice.B.Atschool.C.Athome.D.Inthecompany.

8.Whatdoesthewritertrytotelluswiththelasttwosentences?

A.EnglishisimportantinusingtheInternet.

B.TheInternetismoreandmorepopular.

C.MostoftheinformationisinEnglish.

D.EverycomputermusthavetheInternet.

C

Knowingalittlefirstaidcouldbelife-savingifyouseesomeonelyingunconscious.

Toooftenpeopledon’tdoanythingbecausetheythinktheywillkillthepatient,butbylearningsimplerulesyoucouldmakethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

First,youneedtofindoutifthey’reunconscious,asleepordrunk,bysqueezingtheskinbetweentheirneckandshoulderandshouting.Ifthereisnoresponseatall,youneedtoestablishiftheyaredeadorjustunconscious—sometimesit’sverydifficulttotellthedifference.

Opentheairwaybyplacingonehandontheirforeheadandgentlytiltingtheheadbackwhileliftingthechin.

Iftherearenosignsoflife—noobviouspulseandtheirchest

isnotgoingupanddown—callanambulanceandthenstartcardiopulmonaryresuscitation（CPR）（心脏复苏）tomaintain（获得）aflowofoxygenatedbloodtothebrainandheart.

Dothisbypushingupanddownonthecentreofthechest,withyourhandsinterlockedtogether,constantlyuntilanambulancearrives.

Pushatarateof100beatsaminute.Youcan’tharmthemdoingthisandmightjustsavealife.

9.Peopledon’tdofirstaidoftenbecause　　　. 

A.theyarenotdoctorsB.theythinkitisdangerous

C.itisn’ttheirresponsibilityD.theyarecold-hearted

10.Howcanyoutellwhetherthepersonisdeadorjustasleep?

A.Bysqueezingtheskinonthearm.

B.Bytiltingtheheadback.

C.Byplacingonehandontheirforehead.

D.Byshoutingtotheperson.

11.Iftheperson’schestisnotgoingupanddown,itshows　　　. 

A.thepersonisdead

B.firstaidisnotneeded

C.youshouldstartCPR

D.anambulanceisn’tnecessary

12.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Firstaidfordrunkpeople.

B.Firstaidforinjuredpeople.

C.Firstaidforunconsciouspeople.

D.Firstaidforchokedpeople.

D

“Dependonyourself”iswhatnaturesaystoeveryone.Parentscanhelpyou.Teacherscanhelpyou.Otherscanhelpyou.Butalltheseonlyhelpyoutohelpyourself.

Therehavebeenmanygreatmeninhistory.Butmanyofthemwerepoorinchildhood,andhadnouncles，auntsorfriendstohelpthem.Schoolswerefewandnotverygood.Theycouldnotdependonthemforeducation.Theysawhowitwas,andsettoworkwithalltheirstrengthtoknowsomething.Theyworkedtheirownwaytilltheybecamewellknown.

OneofthemostfamousteachersinEnglandusedtotellhispupils,“Icannotmakeworthymenofyou,butIcanhelpyoumakemenofyourselves.”

Someyoungmendonottrytheirbesttomakethemselvesvaluabletothehumanbeings.Theycannevergainachievementsunlesstheyseetheirweakpointsandchangetheircourses.Theyarenothingnow,andwillbenothingaslongastheylive,unlesstheyaccepttheadviceoftheirparentsandteachers,anddependontheirownhonestefforts.

13．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．HowtoBeFamous

B．WhatNatureSaystoEveryone

C．DependonYourself

D．MenMustHelpEachOther

14．Manyofthegreatmeninhistorysucceededbecause．

A．theywereverypoorinchildhood

B．theywantedverymuchtobecomefamous

C．theymadegreateffortstolearnandwork

D．theycouldnotdependonschoolsforeducation

15．Fromthisarticlewecanlearnthatthewriter.

A．isamanofstrongcharacter

B．singshighpraiseforparents

C．thinkshighlyofthosemenstrugglingbytheirownefforts

D．feelsitisthemostimportantofalltoaccepttheadviceofothers

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分）

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

16.　　　

Youprobablythinkyouwillneverbeatopstudent.Thisisnotnecessarilyso,however.Anyonecanbecomeabetterstudentifheorshewantsto.Here’show:

Planyourtimecarefully.Whenplanningyourwork,youshouldmakealistofthingsthatyouhavetodo.Aftermakingthislist,youshouldmakeascheduleofyourtime.Firstsetyourtimeforeating,sleeping,dressing,etc.Thendecideagood,regulartimeforstudying17.　　　.Aweeklyschedulemaynotsolveallyourproblems,butitwillforceyoutorealizewhatishappeningtoyourtime. 

Findagoodplacetostudy.Lookaroundthehouseforagoodstudyarea.Keepthisspace,whichmaybeadesk