高中英语北师大版必修5Unit 14.docx
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高中英语北师大版必修5Unit14
Unit14 Careers
能力提升题组训练（A）
Ⅰ.阅读（2019高三双语报29期）
ThesearchengineGooglecelebratedonThursdayswhatwouldhavebeenthe110thbirthdayofthefirstNativeAmericanwomanengineer.GooglehonoredMaryRosswithaspecialGoogleDoodleonitshomepage.
RosswasbornonAugust9,1908,inthestateofOklahoma.Rossshowedspecialabilityinmathandsciencefromanearlyage.Asastudent,shedevelopedaninterestinaviation,orthepracticeofflyingaircraft,andhadmanyquestionsinhermindaboutit.Shewentontoearnamaster’sdegreeinmathematicsfromtheUniversityofNorthernColorado.
DuringWorldWarⅡ,RossbeganworkingfortheLockheedCorporationasamathematician.There,shewasurgedtocompleteworkinaeronauticalengineering.SheearnedaspecialcertificationinthefieldandwaslaterchosentojoinLockheed’stop-secretSkunkWorksthatworkedonaircraftdesigns.Thenamewasreferredtoagroupthatwaspermittedtoworkindependentlyonadvancedprojects.There,Rosswastheonlyfemaleengineeramongtheteam’s40members.
Earlyon,sheresearcheddefensesystems.Bythelate1950s,herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerockets.Therocketswereextremelyimportantinthe1960sduringtheApollomoonprogram.Rossalsohelpedwithearlydesignideasforspacetravelbetweenplanets,includingflybyspaceflightstostudyVenusandMars.Herworkisconsideredcrucialtotheearlystagesofspacetravel.
RossretiredfromLockheedin1973.ButshecontinuedtogivetalksathighschoolsandcollegestoencouragemorewomenandNativeAmericanstostudyengineering.MaryRossdiedin2008,afewmonthsbeforeher100thbirthday.
OnAugust9,2018,manypeoplecelebratedRoss’lifeonsocialmedia.TheNationalScienceFoundationwroteonTwitterThursday,“EngineerslikeMaryRossareaninspirationtowomeneverywhere.Womenandminoritiesshouldcontinuetofacechallengesandbreakthroughbarriersinengineering.”
1.WhatdoweknowaboutRossasayoungstudent?
A.Shehelpedwithspacetravelideas.B.Shewascleverandeasy-going.
C.Shewastalentedandcurious.D.Shestartedschoolquiteearly.
2.WhatdidRossprobablydoin1959?
A.Sheworkedasamathematician.B.Shedevotedherselftospacevehicles.
C.Sheresearcheddefensesystems.D.Sheworkedonadvancedprojectsherself.
3.AccordingtotheNationalScienceFoundation,womentoday .
A.shouldlearnfromMaryRossB.facestrongsocialpressure
C.needtokeepfightingforrightsD.shouldfindtheirpropermodel
4.What’sthestructureofthepassage?
A.①—②③—④⑤—⑥B.①②—③④⑤—⑥
C.①②—③④—⑤—⑥D.①—②③④⑤—⑥
语篇解读:
本文是说明文。
文章以谷歌纪念美国女工程师玛丽罗斯110年诞辰为引,介绍了这位女工程师的一生。
答案及剖析:
1.C 推理判断题。
根据第二段的Rossshowedspecialabilityinmathandscience...shedevelopedaninterestinaviation...可知,罗斯在学生时代就很有天赋,对航空很感兴趣,所以她是一个有天赋和充满好奇心的学生。
2.B 细节理解题。
根据第四段中的Bythelate1950s,herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerockets可知,50年代末期,罗斯的工作集中在卫星和一系列太空火箭上。
说明这个时间她在研制太空运载工具。
3.A 推理判断题。
根据最后一段的TheNationalScienceFoundation在Twitter上发表的文字可以推断,当今的女性应该向罗斯学习,在战胜种种障碍的前提下致力于工程研究。
4.D 篇章结构题。
本文在第一段提出要介绍的人物MaryRoss,第二、三、四、五段中作者重点介绍了罗斯的一生,最后一段回归现在,讲述了人们对她所做贡献的评价。
Ⅱ.七选五（2019河南八市重点高中联盟“领军考试”）
You’vebeenchargingyoursmartphonewrong.
Thebestwaytochargeyourphoneisalittleatatime,wheneveryouhaveachance.Justplugitinwheneveryoucan,evenifit’sforafewminutes.“Partialchargescausenoharm,”accordingtoBatteryUniversity.
1. BatteryUniversitysaysthatso-calleddeepdischarges,whichhappenwhenyouuseyourphoneuntilonlyasmallportionofitsbatterylifeisleft,weardownbatteries.Trytokeepyourbattery’schargelevelbetween65%and75%.AccordingtoBatteryUniversity,thelithium-ion（钮离子）batteriesinsideyoursmartphoneswillhavethelongestlifespanifthey’rekeptbetween65%and75%chargedatalltimes.2. However,atleastyouknowwhat’sideal!
3. That’sprobablyalotmorerealisticformostpeopleonaday-to-daybasis.Butyoudohavesomewiggleroom（活动空间）.Ifyoutypicallykeepyourphone’schargelevelbetween25%and75%,youlikelywon’tcausetoomuchlong-termdamage.
Neverfullychargeyourbattery—andparticularlynotfromalowchargelevel.
Chargingyourphone’sbatteryfromalow25%chargeto100%willreduceitscapacityandshortenitslifespan.4. AccordingtoBatteryUniversity,lithium-ionbatteriesdonotneedtobefullycharged,norisitdesirabletodoso.Infact,itisbetternottofullycharge,becauseahighvoltagestressesthebatteryandwearsitoutinthelongrun.
★Don’tchargeyourphoneovernight.
I’veseenalotofdebateabouttheeffectsofchargingyoursmartphoneovernight.Butifchargingto100%causesthemostdamage,youshouldprobablycutitout.5.
A.Neverchargeyourphonefortoomuchtime.
B.Therefore,unplugyourphoneonceitreaches100%.
C.Thebestwaytochargeyourphoneistomaintainthoselevels.
D.Thesecondbestchargerangeforbatteriesisbetween45%and75%.
E.Don’tfullydischargeyourphonebeforepluggingitin.
F.Infact,chargingfromprettymuchanyamountto100%isabadidea.
G.It’sclearlyimpracticaltoalwayskeepyourphonechargebetweenthoselevels.
答案:
1-5EGDFB
Ⅲ.完形填空
GeorgeSpringerhelpedhisteamHoustonAstroswintheWorldSeriesin2017.HewasawardedtheMostValuablePlayer, 1 hisstruggleismostlyhidden.Hisdifficultyisnotintryingtohitafastball,butin 2 it.Hestutters（口吃）.
GrowingupinConnecticut,Springerwasthekidwhowouldneverraisehishandinschool,thekid 3 everytimeheopenedhismouth.
“Iwastheguywhodidn’ttalk,”hesaid.“Iwould 4 speakingatallcosts.”
Hewasoften 5 .Sometimeshewasbullied（欺侮）.Thephonewassufferingtohim.Restaurantswereworse.Ifhewantedadishthatheknewwouldbetoughtosay,hewould 6 .Ifhewaswithhisfamily,hissisterNicolewould 7 forhim.
Heremembersacoupleofattemptsatspeechtherapy（语言治疗）,buthesaidhewasblessedwithencouragingparents,anabilityto 8 himselfinsports,andasmallgroupoffriendswho 9 .
“Iftherapyworksforyou, 10 .Butforme,Ialsodevelopedmyown 11 tohandleit,”hesaid.“Besides,whenIwasaroundallmyfriends,itdidn’treallyseemto 12 them.IfIdidit,theywould 13 untilIwasdone,thenfinishtheconversation.”
Tohelpotherkids 14 thesameissue,Springerfrequentlyappearedininterviewsandevenagreedtowearamicrophoneonfieldduringthe2017All-StarGame.Hethenadded“Ican’tletanythinginlifeIcan’t 15 slowmedownorstopmefrombeingwhoIwanttobe.”These22wordsprovedit.
1.A.soB.yetC.andD.since
2.A.talkingaboutB.dealingwithC.thinkingaboutD.playingwith
3.A.indelightB.infearC.inreliefD.introuble
4.A.forbidB.preferC.regretD.avoid
5.A.desertedB.scaredC.teasedD.attacked
6.A.gestureB.weepC.signalD.beg
7.A.takeB.payC.orderD.cook
8.A.refreshB.relaxC.enjoyD.express
9.A.caredB.forgaveC.understoodD.approved
10.A.interestingB.greatC.uniqueD.strange
11.A.waysB.interestC.habitsD.taste
12.A.amazeB.hurtC.aidD.bother
13.A.laughB.pressC.waitD.panic
14.A.raisingB.facingC.confusingD.settling
15.A.graspB.possessC.controlD.defend
语篇解读:
本文是一篇人物故事。
文章介绍了GeorgeSpringer是美国著名的棒球运动员,他从小口吃,然而在父母的鼓励之下,他成为美国最著名的棒球运动员之一。
答案及剖析:
1.B so所以;yet然而;and和;since自从。
根据上下文可知,这里表示转折。
句意:
然而,他的努力大多数是被隐藏的。
故选B。
2.A talkingabout谈论;dealingwith处理;thinkingabout思考;playingwith和……一起玩。
根据Hestutters（口吃）和下文的内容可知,他的困难是跟别人交谈。
故选A。
3.B indelight高兴地;infear害怕;inrelief欣慰;introuble在困难中。
根据上下文可知,此处意为:
孩子每次开口就害怕。
故选B。
4.D forbid禁止;prefer喜欢;regret遗憾;avoid避免。
根据上下文可知,他避免说话。
故选D。
5.C deserted遗弃;scared害怕;teased取笑;attacked攻击。
根据后句Sometimeshewasbullied（欺侮）.可知,他经常被取笑。
故选C。
6.A gesture手势;weep哭泣;signal信号;beg乞讨。
根据前句Ifhewantedadishthatheknewwouldbetoughtosay可推知,他应该是用手势。
故选A。
7.C take带走;pay付钱;order命令;订;cook做饭。
根据前句Ifhewaswithhisfamily可知,他的姐姐Nicole会为他点餐。
故选C。
8.D refresh提醒;relax放松;enjoy喜欢;express表达。
GeorgeSpringer从小口吃,尝试了许多语言疗法,由此可知,他能够在运动中表达自己。
故选D。
9.C cared关心;forgave原谅;understood理解;approved同意。
根据上下文可知,他有一群理解自己的朋友。
故选C。
10.B interesting有趣的;great伟大的;unique独特的;strange陌生的。
根据后句Butforme,Ialsodevelopedmyown 11 tohandleit可以推测出答案。
句意:
如果治疗对你有效,太棒了。
故选B。
11.A ways方法;interest兴趣;habits习惯;taste尝。
句意:
我也养成了我自己的方法对付它。
故选A。
12.D amaze惊讶;hurt伤害;aid帮助;bother打扰。
根据后句IfIdidit,theywould 13 untilIwasdone,thenfinishtheconversation.可知,这里指打扰朋友。
故选D。
13.C laugh笑;press压;wait等待;panic惊慌。
根据后句thenfinishtheconversation.可知朋友在等他。
故选C。
14.B raising提高;facing面对;confusing困惑;settling解决。
根据后句Springerfrequentlyappearedininterviewsandevenagreedtowearamicrophoneonfieldduringthe2017All-StarGame.可知,Springer帮助其他的面临同样问题的孩子。
故选B。
15.C grasp抓住;possess拥有;control控制;defend防御。
根据上下文可知,这里指生活中不能控制的任何事。
故选C。
能力提升题组训练（B）
Ⅰ.阅读
A
SweetestDayiscelebratedonthethirdSaturdayinOctoberasadaytomakesomeonehappy.Itisanoccasionwhichoffersallofusanopportunitytoremembernotonlythesick,theaged,andchildrenwhohavelosttheirparents,butalsofriends,workmates,relativesandneighbourswhosehelpfulnessandkindnesswehaveenjoyed.
Over60yearsago,whenaClevelandmannoticedthatsomepeople,suchaschildrenwholosttheirparentsandpatientswholayinbed,toooftenfeltforgottenandneglected,hedevelopedinhismindtheideaofshowingthemthattheywereremembered.Hedidthisbygivingthemsmallgifts.Withthehelpofhisfriendsandneighbours,hegavethosepeoplesmallgiftsonaSaturdayinOctober.Duringtheyearsthatfollowed,otherClevelandersbegantotakepartinthecelebration,whichcametobecalled“SweetestDay”.Overtime,theSweetestDayideaofspreadingcheertothepoor,thesickandchildrenwhohadlosttheirparentswasbroadenedtoincludeeveryone,andbecameanoccasionforrememberingotherswithakindactorasmallgift.Soontheideaspreadtoothe
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