硕士研究生考试英语二答案.docx

硕士研究生考试英语二答案.docx

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硕士研究生考试英语二答案

2017年硕士研究生考试英语

（二）答案（回忆版）

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDonthe ANSWERSHEET.（10points）

Peoplehavespeculatedforcenturiesaboutafuturewithoutwork.Todayisnodifferent,withacademics,writers,andactivistsonceagain  1 thattechnologybereplacinghumanworkers.Someimaginethatthecomingwork-freeworldwillbedefinedby  2 .Afewwealthypeoplewillownallthecapital,andthemasseswillstruggleinanimpoverishedwasteland.

Adifferentandnotmutuallyexclusive  3  holdsthatthefuturewillbeawastelandofadifferentsort,one   4  bypurposelessness:

Withoutjobstogivetheirlives   5  ,peoplewillsimply becomelazyanddepressed.   6 ,today’sunemployeddon’tseemtobehavinga greattime.OneGalluppollfoundthat20percentofAmericanswhohavebeenunemployedforatleastayearreporthavingdepression,doubletheratefor   7  Americans.Also,someresearchsuggeststhatthe   8   forrisingratesofmortality,mental-healthproblems,andaddicting 9   poorly-educatedmiddle-agedpeopleisshortageofwell-paidjobs.Perhapsthisiswhymany   10  theagonizingdullnessofajoblessfuture.

Butitdoesn’t   11  followfromfindingslikethesethataworldwithoutworkwouldbefilledwithunease.Suchvisionsarebasedonthe   12  ofbeingunemployedinasocietybuiltontheconceptofemployment.Inthe   13 ofwork,asocietydesignedwithotherendsinmindcould   14  strikinglydifferentcircumstancedforthefutureoflaborandleisure.Today,the   15  ofworkmaybeabitoverblown.“Manyjobsareboring,degrading,unhealthy,andawasteofhumanpotential,”saysJohnDanaher,alecturerattheNationalUniversityofIrelandinGalway.

Thesedays, becauseleisuretimeisrelatively   16  formostworkers,peopleusetheirfreetimetocounterbalancetheintellectualandemotional   17  oftheirjobs.“WhenIcomehomefromahardday’swork,Ioftenfeel   18  ,”Danahersays,adding,“InaworldinwhichIdon’thavetowork,Imightfeelratherdifferent”—perhapsdifferentenoughtothrowhimself   19  ahobbyorapassionprojectwiththeintensityusuallyreservedfor   20  matters.

1．[A]boasting         [B]denying        [C]warning       [D]ensuring

【答案】[C]warning

2．[A]inequality      [B]instability     [C]unreliability  [D]uncertainty

【答案】[A]inequality

3．[A]policy            [B]guideline      [C]resolution   [D]prediction

【答案】[D]prediction

4．[A]characterized    [B]divided         [C]balanced       [D]measured

【答案】[A]characterized

5．[A]wisdom       [B]meaning        [C]glory           [D]freedom

【答案】[B]meaning

6．[A]Instead              [B]Indeed           [C]Thus           [D]Nevertheless

【答案】[B]Indeed

7．[A]rich                 [B]urban               [C]working     [D]educated

【答案】[C]working

8．[A]explanation       [B]requirement      [C]compensation    [D]substitute

【答案】[A]explanation

9．[A]under                [B]beyond           [C]alongside      [D]among

【答案】[D]among

10．[A]leavebehind       [B]makeup       [C]worryabout       [D]setaside

【答案】[C]worryabout

11．[A]statistically         [B]occasionally         [C]necessarily   [D]economically

【答案】[C]necessarily

12．[A]chances              [B]downsides          [C]benefits       [D]principles

【答案】[B]downsides

13．[A]absence             [B]height              [C]face         [D]course

【答案】[A]absence

14．[A]disturb             [B]restore             [C]exclude        [D]yield

【答案】[D]yield

15．[A]model             [B]practice             [C]virtue        [D]hardship

【答案】[C]virtue

16．[A]tricky               [B]lengthy              [C]mysterious             [D]scarce

【答案】[D]scarce

17．[A]demands             [B]standards           [C]qualities              [D]threats

【答案】[A]demands

18．[A]ignored              [B]tired                [C]confused      [D]starved

【答案】[B]tired  

19．[A]off               [B]against            [C]behind        [D]into

【答案】[D]into

20．[A]technological      [B]professional         [C]educational  [D]interpersonal

【答案】[B]professional

Section II  ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.Markyouranswersonthe ANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Every Saturdaymorning,at9am,morethan50,000runnerssetofftorun5kmaroundtheirlocalpark.TheParkrunphenomenonbeganwithadozenfriendsandhasinspired400eventsintheUKandmoreabroad.Eventsarefree,staffedbythousandsofvolunteers.Runnersrangefromfouryearsoldtograndparents;theirtimesrangefromAndrewBaddeley’sworldrecord13minutes48secondsuptoanhour.

ParkrunissucceedingwhereLondon’sOlympic“legacy”isfailing.TenyearsagoonMonday,itwasannouncedthattheGamesofthe30th OlympiadwouldbeinLondon.Planningdocumentspledgedthatthe greatlegacyoftheGameswouldbetolevelanationofsportloversawayfromtheircouches.Thepopulationwouldbefitter,healthierandproducemorewinners.Ithasnothappened.Thenumberofadultsdoingweeklysportdidrise,bynearly2millionintherun—upto2012—butthegeneralpopulationwasgrowingfaster.Worse,thenumbersarenowfallingatanacceleratingrate.Theoppositionclaimsprimaryschoolpupilsdoingatleasttwohoursofsportaweekhavenearlyhalved.Obesityhasrisenamongadultsandchildren.OfficialretrospectionscontinueastowhyLondon2012failedto“inspireageneration.”ThesuccessofParkrunoffersanswers.

Parkunisnotaracebutatimetrial:

Youronlycompetitoristheclock.Theethoswelcomesanybody.Thereisasmuchjoyoverapuffed-outfirst-timerbeingclappedoverthelineasthereisabouttoptalentshining.TheOlympicbidders,bycontrast,wantedtogetmorepeopledoingsportsandtoproducemoreeliteathletes.Thedualaimwasmixedup:

Thestressonsuccessovertakingpartwasintimidatingfornewcomers.

Indeed,thereissomethingalittleabsurdinthestategettinginvolvedintheplanningofsuchafundamentally“grassroots”,conceptascommunitysportsassociations.Ifthereisaroleforgovernment,itshouldreallybegettinginvolvedinprovidingcommongoods—makingsurethereisspaceforplayingfieldsandthemoneytopavetennisandnetballcourts,andencouragingtheprovisionofalltheseactivitiesinschools.Butsuccessivegovernmentshavepresidedoverselling greenspaces,squeezingmoneyfromlocalauthoritiesanddecliningattentiononsportineducation.Insteadofwordy,worthystrategies,futuregovernmentsneedtodomoretoprovidetheconditionsforsporttothrive.Oratleastnotmakethemworse.

21.AccordingtoParagraph1,Parkrunhas   .

[A]gainedgreatpopularity

[B]createdmanyjobs

[C]strengthenedcommunityties

[D] becomeanofficialfestival

【答案】[A]gainedgreatpopularity

22.TheauthorbelievesthatLondon’sOlympic“legacy”hasfailedto    .

[A]boostpopulationgrowth

[B]promotesportparticipation

[C]improvethecity’simage

[D]increasesporthoursinschools

【答案】[B]promotesportparticipation

23.ParkrunisdifferentfromOlympicgamesinthatit    .

[A]aimsatdiscoveringtalents

[B]focusesonmasscompetition

[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism

[D]doesnotattractfirst-timers

【答案】[C]doesnotemphasizeelitism

24.Withregardtomasssport,theauthorholdsthatgovernmentsshould   .

[A]organize“grassroots”sportsevents

[B]superviselocalsportsassociations

[C]increasefundsforsportsclubs

[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities

【答案】[D]investinpublicsportsfacilities

25.Theauthor’sattitudetowhatUKgovernmentshavedoneforsportsis   .

[A]tolerant

[B]critical

[C]uncertain

[D]sympathetic

【答案】[B]critical

Text2

Withsomuchfocusonchildren’suseofscreens,it’seasyforparentstoforgetabouttheirownscreenuse.“Techisdesignedtoreallysuckonyouin,”saysJennyRadeskyinherstudyofdigitalplay,“anddigitalproductsaretheretopromotemaximalengagement.Itmakesithardtodisengage,andleadstoalotofbleed-overintothefamilyroutine.”

Radeskyhasstudiedtheuseofmobilephonesandtabletsatmealtimesbygivingmother-childpairsafood-testingexercise.Shefoundthatmotherswhosueddevicesduringtheexercisestarted20percentfewerverbaland39percentfewernonverbalinteractionswiththeirchildren.Duringaseparateobservation,shesawthatphones becameasourceoftensioninthefamily.Parentswouldbelookingattheiremailswhilethechildrenwouldbemakingexcitedbidsfortheirattention.

Infantsarewiredtolookatparents’facestotrytounderstandtheirworld,andifthosefacesareblankandunresponsive—astheyoftenarewhenabsorbedinadevice—itcanbeextremelydisconcertingfoethechildren.Radeskycitesthe“stillfaceexperiment”devisedbydevelopmentalpsychologistEdTronickinthe1970s.Init,amotherisaskedtointeractwithherchildinanormalwaybeforeputtingonablankexpressionandnotgivingthemanyvisualsocialfeedback;Thechildbecomesincreasinglydistressedasshetriestocapturehermother’sattention.“Parentsdon’thavetobeexquisitelyparentsatalltimes,butthereneedstobeabalanceandparentsneedtoberesponsiveandsensitivetoachild’sverbalornonverbalexpressionsofanemotionalneed,”saysRadesky.

Ontheotherhand,Tronickhimselfisconcernedthattheworriesaboutkids’useofscreensarebornoutofan“oppressiveideologythatdemandsthatparentsshouldalwaysbeinteracting”withtheirchildren:

“