最新大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.docx

最新大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.docx

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最新大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四）十六

Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoand,fortunately,thenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofobergrownandunwantedbranches,andtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway.

First,pruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheight,andatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondly,pruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutdiseaedordeadwood,orbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausewounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecentreandsopreventingthefreemovementofair.

Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordisease,butitisa

woundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthedeseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordie,sothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducewhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandclean,forhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesandalsoitisveryunlikelythatthecutsyumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappen,itis,ofcourse,impossibletopaintthemproperly.

1.Pruningshouldbedoneto______.

a.makethetreegrowtaller

b.improvetheshapeofthetree

c.getridofthesmallbranches

d.makethesmallbranchesthicker

2.Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener______.a.allowstoomanybranchestogrowinthemiddle

b.doesnotprotectthemfromwind

c.forcesthemtogrowtooquickly

d.damagessomeofthesmallsidebranches

3.Whyisaspecialsubstancepaintedonthetree?

a.Tomakeawoundsmooth

b.Topreventdiseaseenteringawound

c.Tocoveraroughsurface

d.Tohelpawoundtodry

4.Agoodgardenerprunesatree______.

a.atintervalsthroughouttheyear

b.asquicklyaspossible

c.occasionallywhennecessary

d.regulareverywinter

5.Whatwastheauthor'spurposewhenwritingthispassage?

a.Togivepraticalinstructionforpruningatree.

b.Togiveageneraldescriptionofpruning

c.Toexplainhowtreesdevelopdiseases

d.Todiscussdifferentmethodsofpruning.

答案：

babca

十七

OnThursdayafternoonMrs.Carke,dressedforgoingout,tookherhandbagwithhermoneyandherkeyinit,pulledthedoorbehindhertolockitandwenttotheover60sClub.ShealwayswentthereonThursdays.Itwasaniceoutingforanoldwomanwholivedalone.

Atsixo'clockshecanehome,letherselfinandatoncesmeltcigarettesmoke.Cigarettesmokeinherhouse?

How?

How?

Hadsomeonegotin?

Shecheckedthebackdoorandthewindows.Allwerelockedorfastened,asusual.Therewasnosignofforcedentry.

Overacupofteashewonderedwhethersomeonemighthaveakeythatfittedherfrontdoor-"amasterkey"perhaps.SoshestayedathomethefollowingThursday.Nothinghappened.Wasanyonewatchinghermovements?

OntheThursdayafterthatshe

wentoutatherusualtime,dressedasusual,butshedidn'tgototheclub.Insteadshetookashortcuthomeagain,lettingherselfinthroughhergardenandthebackdoor.Shesettleddowntowait.

Itwasjustafterfouro'clockwhenthefrontdoorbellrang.Mrs.Clarkewasmakingacupofteaatthetime.Thebellrangagain,andthensheheardherletter-boxbeingpushedopen.Withthekettleofboilingwaterinherhand,shemovedquietlytowardsthefrontdoor.Alongpieceofwireappearedthroughtheletter-box,andthenahand.Thewireturnedandcaughtaroundtheknobonthedoor-lock.Mrs.Clarkeraisedthekettleandpouredthewateroverthehand.Therewasashoutoutside,andtheskinseemedtodropoffthefingerslikeaglove.Thewirefelltothefloor,thehandwaspulledback,andMrs.Clarkeheardthesoundofrunningfeet.

1.Mrs.ClarkeloodedforwardtoThursdaybecause_______.a.sheworkedataclubontheday

b.shesaidvisitorsonThursdays

c.shevisitedaclubonThursday

d.aspecialvisitorcameonThursday

2.Ifsomeonehadmadeaforcedentery,_______.

a.Mrs.Clarkewouldhavefoundabrokendoororwindowb.heorshewasstillinthehouse

c.thingswouldhavebeenthownabout

d.heorshewouldhaveneededamasterkey

3.OnthethirdThursdayMrs.Clarkewentout_______.a.becauseshedidn'twanttomisstheclubagainb.toseeifthethiefwashngingaboutoutside

c.totheclubbutthenchangedhermind

d.inanattempttotrickthethief

4.Thelockonthefrontdoorwasonewhich_______.a.neededapieceofwiretoopenit

b.couldheopenedfrominsidewithoutakey

c.could'tbeopenedwithoutakey

d.usedaknobinsteadofakey

5.Thewirefeeltothefloor_______.

a.becauseMrs.Clarkerefusedtoopenthedoor

b.whentheman'sglovedroppedoff

c.becauseitwastoohottohold

d.becausethemanjustwantedtogetaway

答案：

cadbd

十八

Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcauses

snowblindnenss.Yet,darkglassesornot,theyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyes,andeven

snowblindness,whenexposedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight".TheUnitedStatesArmyhasnowdeterminedthatglarefromsnowdoesnotcausesnowblindnessintroopsinasnow-coveredcountry.Rather,aman'seyesfrequentlyfindnothingtofoucsoninabroadexpanseofbarrensnow-coveredterrain.Sohisgazecontinuallyshiftsandjumpsbackandforthovertheentirelandscapeinsearchoftsomethingtolookat.Findingnothing,

hourafterhour,theeyesneversotpsearchingandtheeyeballsbecomesoreandtheeyemusclesache.Natureoffsetsthisirritationbyproducingmoreandfluidwhichcoverstheeyeball.Thefluidcoverstheeyeballinincreasingquantityuntilvisionblurs,thenisobsured,andtheresultistotal,eventhoughtemporary,snowblindness.

ExperimentsledtheArmytoasimplemethodofovercomingthisproblem.Scoutsaheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushes,creatingadottedlineastheycrosscompletelysnow-coveredlandscape,Eventhescoutsthemselvesthrowlightweight,darkcoloredobjectsaheadonwhichtheytoocanfocus.Themenfollowingcanthenseesomething.Theirgazeisarrested.Theireyesfocusonabushandhavingfoundsomethingtosee,stopscouringthe

snow-blanketedlanscape.Byfocusingtheirattentionononeobjectatatime,themencancrossthesnowwithoutbecominghopelesslysnowblindorlost.Inthiswaytheproblemofcrossingasolidwhiteterrainisovercome.

1.Topreventheadaches,wateringeyesandblindnesscausedbytheglarefromsnow,darkglassesare_____.

a.indispensible

b.useful

c.ineffective

d.available

2.Whentheeyesaresoretearsareproducedto________.a.clearthevision

b.remedysnowblindness

c.easetheirritation

d.loosenthemuscles

3.Snowblindnessmaybeavoidedby_______.

a.concentratingtothesolidwhiteterrain

b.searchingforsomethingtolookatinsnow-coveredterrain

c.providingtheeyeswithsomethingtofoucsond.coveringtheeyeballswithfluid

4.Thescoutsshakesnowfromevergreenbushesinorderto_______.

a.bivethemenbehindsomethingtosee

b.beautifythelandscape

c.warmthemselvesinthecold

d.preventthemenbehindfromlosingtheirway

5.Asuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe_______.a.snowblindnessandhowtoovercomeit

b.natrue'scureforsnowblindness

c.soldiersinthesnow

d.snowvision

答案：

CCCAA

十九

Waterproblemsinthefuturewillbecomenoreintenseandmorecomplex.Ourincreasingpopulationwilltremendouslyincreaseurbanwastes,primarilysewage.Ontheotherhand,increasingdemandsforwaterwilldeceasesubstantialytheamountofwateravailablefordilutingwastes.Rapidlyexpandingindustrieswhichinvolvemoreandmorecomplex

chemicalprocesseswillproducelargevolumesofliquidwastes,andmanyofthesewillcontainchemicalswhicharenoxious.Tofeedourrapidlyexpandingpopulation,agriculturewillhavetobeintensified.Thiswillinvolveever-increasingquantitiesofagriculturalchemicals,Fromthis,itisapparentthatdrasticstepsmustbetakenimmediatelytodevelopcorrectivemeasuresforthepollutionproblem.

Therearetwowaysbywhichthispollutionproblemcanbedwindled.Thefirstrelatestothetreatmentofwastestodecreasetheirpollutionhazard.Thisinvolvestheprocessingofsolidwastes"priorto"disposalandthetreatmentofliquidwastes,orefflunets,topermitthereuseofthewaterorminimizepollutionuponfinaldisposal.

Asecondapproachistodevelopaneconomicuseforallorapartofthewastes.Farmmanureisspreadinfieldsasanutrientororganicsupplement.Effluentsfromsewagedisposalplantsareusedinsomeareasbothforirrigationandforthenutrientscontained.Efflunetsfromotherprocessingplantsmayalsobeusedasasupplementalsourceofwater.Manyindustries,suchasmeatandpoultryprocessingplants,arecurrentlyconvertingformerwasteproductsintomarketable

byproducts.Otherindustriesarepotentialeonomicusesforwasteproducts.

1.Thepurposeofthispassageis______.

a.toalertthereadertothedwindlingwatersupplyb.toexplainindustrialusesofwater

c.toacquaintthereaderwithwaterpollutionproblemsd.todemostratevariousmeasurestosolvethepollutionproblem

2.WhichofthefollowingpointsisNOTINCLUDEDinthepassage?

a.Industrialdevelopmentincudesthesimplif