基于单片机的智能小车外文文献翻译.docx

基于单片机的智能小车外文文献翻译.docx

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基于单片机的智能小车外文文献翻译

毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译

系部

机电工程系

专业

车辆工程

学生姓名

学号

指导教师

职称

讲师

2013年2月

ElectricintelligentcarbasedonSCM

Throughresearchandtorealizeaphotoelectricsensorforsensitivecomponents,withAT89C51ascontrolcoreelectrictracingofintelligentcontrolcarbonylation-thecar,thesystemisalsoincludingdcmotor,L9110chipsandLM324comparatoretc.ThedesignUSESAT89C51asintelligentcarcorecontroller.

ThesystemtakesmicrocontrollerascontrolcoreandrealizationofelectricbeforeEnter,back,turnleftandrightturnfunction.ThroughtheAnglesensordetectiontheseesawAnglechange,useincrementalplalgorithmtocontroltheelectriccarforbalance,andusingphotoelectricsensordetectionblackline,maketheelectricityActuationvehicleinthecourseofdrivingkeeplinearmotionanddon’tskipfromatrium.

1.ProjectDesign

Lightbuyasensor,therealityoftheelectriccarismovingquicklydegrees,bit,buy,transportationlineshapewhenmeasuredquantityofrealcondition,andwillbemeasuredquantitynumberaccordingtopreachsenttomonolithicmachineintolineprocessing,butbuysinglechipmachineaccordingtothemeasuredbuyrootdifferentformsofseveralinspectionaccordingtorealnowtoelectricactuationvehiclewisdomcancontrolsystem.Thiskindofsquarecaserealnowtoelectricactuationvehicledynamicshapestateintotheshipmentdorealpossessioninsystem,controlsystemspiritalive,candepend,puredegreeishigh,canfullfootofeachitemofthestockingstobed.

（1）straightepidemiologicalspeedistasseledstraightepidemiologicalspeeddepartmentwithpulsewidthmodulationexperience.meanwhilegatherspeedisexperience.meanwhile,itsmainelectricalpulsewidthmodulationbyroadsystemtypevariablechangedevice,JanesaysPWMvariablechangedevice.AdjustablespeedbyinthedepartmentofPWMexperience.Meanwhileopenshutfrequencyrateishigh,onlyonelectricitybarnadoelectricitysenseoffilterwavecanbeusetogettomoveverysmallstraightpulseelectricflow,electricityflowbarnadoelectriccapacityeasilyeventantras,departmentoflowspeedoperationflatexperience.meanwhile,adjustablespeedstabilityvanissurroundedrelativelywide,canreach1000leftlight.ByonelectricalflowwaveshapethanV-Msystem.beinphasewithflattoallelectricalflowdynamicmachine,electricheatconsumptionandhairlossthanasmall.withthesamplebuyinopenshutfrequencyrateishigh,andifafastspeedelectricalmachineringshouldmatchclose,fastentasseledphasecanbetogetverywidefrequencyband,becauseofthefastspeedringshouldbegood,dynamicconfigurationsexualcanperturbationresistancecanforceispowerful.Accordingtotheroot,withmorethanensemblecloseandthissetofelectricalmachinecontrolprojectbytoleranceofthequantityandelectricalmachinespeedstraightflowofhair,theexhibitortoadopttheprojectwithasingleextremelyHtypecanbechangedintochangedeviceinversePWMlinespeed.

1.1photoelectricdetectionmoduledesign

Theintelligentcarwasstuckontheblacklinerunningonwhitepaper“road”,sothismoduledesignneedtodetectshopontheblackrubberbeltdrivearea,includingRunstraightalongthearcdistrictanddrivingdistricttwoarea.Becauseftheblackandwhitepapertolightreflectioncoefficientisdifferent,canaccordingtoreceivereflectedlight.

Thestrengthofthejudge“road”-theblackline.thispaperUSESissimpleandpracticaldetectionmethods,namelytheinfrareddetectionmethod.

Infrareddetectionmethod,Iuseinfraredrayindifferentcolorsofphysicalsurfacewithdifferentreflectionpropertiescharacteristics.InthecardrivingprocessContinuallytothegroundtolaunchtheinfrared,whentheinfraredmetwhitegroundoccurswhenthereflectedlight,aimlessandlaunchpackedonthecarofreceivingtubereceiving;ifFruitismetblacklineisabsorbed,andthantheinfraredcarsreceivingtubereceivinglessthansignal.

1.2signalcomparativemoduledesign

ThispartdesignUSESaLM324comparator,ofsensorsignalvoltagereceivedcompareandamplified,andwillcomparetheresultsafterFeedtothemicrocontroller,usedtodetectsensorsensitivity,diagramshowninfigure5shows.Whentwosensorssimultaneouslydetectlight,straightforward.Whenthesensorcan’tdetectlight,incut-offstate,doubleLM324operationalamplifieroutputlowleveltomicrocontroller,byprogramprocessing,Ifleftnotdetectedlight,thenleftcorrectdirection;Iftherighthasnotbeendetectedlight,thenturncorrectdirection.

1.3motorcontrolanddrivingmoduledesign

Becauseuseisdoubledrivecars,thispartofthecircuitmustbeabletooutputoftwodifferentvoltagevalues,respectivelytocontrollingtrolleyrightandlefttwomotordrive,thetwoofthewheelspeedanddirectionofthesameordifferent,thustocontrolitsadvanceandturning.Insystemdesignprocess,usetwoL9110chipstoconnectSCManddcmotorrespectively.L9110isforcontrolanddrivemotordesigntwochannelspush-pullpoweramplifierapplication-specificintegratedcircuitdevice,discretecircuitsinmonolithicICintegratedsuchthattheperipheralequipmentsinlowercostandthewholemachinecancarryonsexualhigh.ThecoreslicetwoaTTL/CMOSandletelectricityflatloseinto,havegoodanti-jamming,twooutputterminalcanpickfloodingdynamicelectricmachinestraighttotheshipmentofpositivereversemoveandithashadabigelectricityflowfloodingdynamiccanforce,eachcallwaycanpassover800mAcontinuouscurrent,peakcurrentcapacityof1.5~OA;Atthesametimeithasloweroutputsaturationpressuredropandthestaticelectricity,Thebuilt-inclampadiodecanreleasetheperceptualloadofreversecurrentimpulse,makingitthedriverelays,dcmotors,steppingmotororswitchpowertubetheuseofsafeandreliable.

FollowtracingcarsystemtocommonAT89C51,complementary

withrelativelysimplecomponentsandcircuitdesign,thesmoothcompletionoffollowunderthepremiseoftracingfunction,andfullyconsideredappearance,costs,somostofthecircuitcarbymanualweldingiscomplete.Inthedesign,weneverinacircuitincreaseredundantfunctions,butretainedvarioushardwareinterfaceandsoftwaresubroutinesinterfacetofacilitatetheexpansionanddevelopmentafter.

2.Systemhardwaredesign

2.1motordrivermoduledesign

Inmakingintelligentcar,rightwheelrespectivelywithtwospeedandTorquebasicidenticaldcmotordrivendeceleration.bolt-ontrunk-lidspoilerDepartmenttoinstalladirectionwheel,thenthroughtheI/OmouthtocontroltowdcslowingdownMotorspeedandsteeringcanbeachievedonthecartotheleft,turnrightandstraightline.

MotordriveusingaintegratedelectricalmachinefloodingdynamiccoresliceL298N.L298NisSTtheproductionofthecompany,theinternalcontainingfourchannellogicaldrivecircuit,itisakindoftowphasefourphasemotordrive,namelythespecialcontainstowHbridgeofhighvoltagelargecurrentcommanderbridgetypedrive，acceptancecriteriaTTLlogiclevelsignals,bedriven46V,2Abelowthemotor.

2.2tracingmoduledesign

Tracingmodulemainlycomposedbyphotoelectricsensorreflex,Photoconductiveresistanceoftheresistanceofthelightwiththesurroundingenvironmentchanges,whentheLTTwhitelinesabove,lightemissionstrongly;TheLTTblacklineabove,lightemissionarerelativelyweak.Sowhenphotoconductiveresistanceinwhitelineandblacklineabovetheelementswilloccursignificantlychanges,theresistancechangesvalueaftercomparatorcanoutputhighlevel.Butthiswayenvironmentalinfluencesbig,workisnotstable.ThisarticleactualuseisRPP220typereflexsensorsmadetracingmodule.

RPR220isanintegrationofreflectivephotoelectricdetector,transmitterisagasinfraredlightemittingdiodeandthereceiverisahighsensitivitysiliconphotoelectrictriodeflat.Whenthelightemittingdiodereflectedback,triodeconductionandoutputlowlevel

2.3obstacleavoidancemoduledesign

Obstacleavoidancemodulemainlycomposedbyinfraredreflectionsensor.Infraredreflectionsensorbyoneinfraredtubesandphotoelectricdiodeconstitute,infraredtubesouttomeettheinfraredobjectreflectivesexstrongafterbeturnedback,byphotoelectricdiodereceiving,causephotoelectricdiodecurrentincreases,lightbornthischangeintovoltagesignal,itcouldbeprocessorreceivesandprocessing.

2.4remotecontrolmoduledesign

ThismodulewilllaunchendUSEShighsensitiveHL-5000typeuniversaltelevisionremotecontrol,thereceiverusingreceivefrequencyfor38kHreceivinghead1838,thismoduleandthesinglechipcomputerinterfaceisveryconvenient.Inaddition,fortheredoutsidemeetafterharvestofplaitcodeletternumberthedepartmenttasseledsetwhenshippedwithprojectofAT89C52singlechipmicrocomputerexternalinterruption.Inordertorecognizeacompletekeysignal,mustforeachcodingpulsewidthweremeasuredwithdiscriminatereceivesthepulseisostill1.themicrocontrollertimer/countertomeasuringpulsewidth.Timer/counterexceptpointsthancanbeset,fromexcept2toexcept2048,measurablepulsewidthcanreach500m/s.Thispapersetexceptpointfor12,namelythan12pointsfrequency,becausetheexternalclockisabout12MH,clockcyclefor1s,sothetimer/counterfor1pertimingonces.

2.5alarmmoduledesign

Alarmmodulecorechip110IC,canchooseapplicationinautomobile,motorcycle,alarms,personalriotdevice,doormagneticalarmdeviceandetc.

3.Systemsoftwaredesign

Thissystemsoftwaremodularstructure,hemainprogram,