江苏高考英语复习状语从句.docx
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江苏高考英语复习状语从句
状语从句在句中作状语,可分为:
时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、地点、比较、方式状语从句。
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1
时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连词有:
when,as,while,until,not…until,before,after,since,theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time等。
时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。
1.when,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。
1)When后既可以接短暂性动词,也可以接延续性动词,表示从句动作与主句动作同时发生。
WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.
2)As除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着”
Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面) Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.(随着)
3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.
While(theywere)havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.
注意:
while有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。
eg:
Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.
2.until,not…until表示“直到`才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中常用短暂性动词。
肯定句:
Iwaiteduntilmidnight.否定句:
Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.
注意点:
1)notuntil…在句首,主句用倒装 NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.
2)Itisnotuntil…that…引导的强调句 Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.
3.Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”
Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.
Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain. ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.
2
条件状语从句
条件状语从句分为两大类:
真实条件句(主将从现)和虚拟条件句(虚拟语气)。
引导条件状语从句的连词有:
if,evenif/though,unless/if…not,aslongas/solongas,asfaras/sofaras,provided/providing(that),onconditionthat等。
条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时。
1.unless和if…not unless相当于if…not
Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.
Youwillnotfailifyoustudyhard.
注意点:
在虚拟条件句中可用if…not,但不能用unless
Ifshewerenottoosilly,shewouldunderstand.
2.引导条件状语从句的其它连词:
Youmaygothere,aslongasyoukeepquite.
Iwillgoprovidedthatyougotoo.
Ishallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.
3
让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有:
though,although,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,nomatterwhat,nomatterwho等。
1.though,although不可与but连用,但可以和yet,still连用.
Though/Althoughitisraining,theyarestillrunningoutside.
2.“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”
Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.
Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.
注意点:
nomatter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句
3.evenif/though表示“即使”
Hedoesn’twanttomarryherevenif/thoughhelovesherverymuch.
4
原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有:
because,since,as,nowthat,consideringthat,forthereasonthat,duetothefactthat,owingtothefactthat等。
1.because because语气最强,通常用于回答why提出的问题
注意点:
在itwas…that…的强调结构中,强调原因状语从句可用because引导,不用since,as,for引导。
Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.
2.since和as
since的语气比because弱,比as强,表示间接的,已知的原因,自然的结果,表示“既然,由于”。
As/Sinceyouarenotverywell,youhadbetterhavearest.
5
目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词有:
sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase,forfearthat等。
Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.
6
结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有:
sothat,so…that,such…that等
Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool. Heissuchayoungboythathecannotgotoschool.
1.常用句型:
so+形容词/副词+that从句
so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句
such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句 such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句
2.so和such的搭配规律
such修饰名词或名词词组,so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many,few,much,little等。
7
比较状语从句
引导比较状语从句的连词有:
as…as,notso…as,than,themore…themore等。
如:
HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother(does)
Ican’tjumpso/ashighashe(does)
Therearemoreworkersinthisfactorythanintheonenexttoit. Themoreyouread,themoreinteresting,youwillfindthenovelis.
8
地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词有:
where,wherever以及where构成的复合词等。
Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshelostit. WhereverIam,Iwillmissyou.
注意点:
eg:
IhappenedtoseeyourdictionaryliewhereIuseditlasttime.(地点状语从句)
IhappenedtoseeyourdictionarylieinthelabwhereIuseditlasttime.(定语从句)
9
方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连接词有as,justas,asif/though(一般用虚拟语气, 也有用直陈语气的)等。
Justdoasyouaretold.
Theworkerswentonworkingasifnothinghadhappened.
Hetalkedtothegirlasthoughhehadfalleninlovewithher.
在justas---,so---结构中, as带有比喻含义。
意为“正如”, 多用于正式文体。
Justassomepeoplelikesports,sosomepeoplelikemusic.
练习
( )1.We'dbetterhurry______itisgettingdark.
A.and B.but C.as D.unless
( )2.Ididn'tmanagetodoit_____youhadexplainedhow.
A.until B.unless C.when D.before
( )3._____hecomes,wewon'tbeabletogo.
A.Without B.Unless C.Except D.Even
( )4.Ihurried_____Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.
A.since B.sothat C.asif D.unless
( )5._____Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.
A.Everytime B.Though C.Even D.Where
( )6.What'sthematter_____theystillhaven'tansweredthetelegram?
A.when B.that C.though D.however
( )7.Bringitnearer_____Imayseeitbetter.
A.although B.eventhough C.sothat D.since
( )8.YoumayarriveinBeijingearly_____youmindtakingthenighttrain.
A.that B.though C.unless D.if
( )9.Helenlistenedcarefully_____shemightdiscoverexactlywhatsheneeded.
A.inthat B.inorderthat C.incase D.eventhough
( )10.Morepeoplewilleatoutinrestaurants_____theydotoday.
A.than B.when C.while D.as
( )11._____hardshetries,shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework.
A.Much B.However C.As D.Although
( )12.Poor_____itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,_____youmaygo.
A.as;wherever B.though;whenever C.inspiteof;when D.that;wherever
( )13.Thechildwas__immediatelyaftersupper.
A.enoughtiredtogotobed B.tootiredtogotobedC.sotiredthathewenttobed D.verytired,hewenttobed
( )14.Thehistoryofnursing__thehistoryofman.
A.asoldas B.isoldthan C.thatisasoldas D.isasoldas
( )15._____borninChicago,theauthorwasfamousforhisstoriesaboutNewYork.
A.Since B.Once C.When D.Although
( )16._____westoodatthetopofthebuilding,thepeoplebelowwerehardlyvisible.
A.As B.Although C.Unless D.Inspiteof
( )17.ScarcelywasGeorgeWashingtoninhisteens_____hisfatherdied.
A.than B.as C.while D.when
( )18._____Davidgoes,heiswelcome.
A.Whichever B.However C.Wherever D.Whatever
( )19.Thehousestood_____therehadbeenarock.
A.which B.atwhich C.when D.where
( )20.Small_____itis,thepenisamostusefultool.
A.because B.so C.if D.as
( )21.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced carsin1988astheyearbefore.
A.astwicemany B.asmanytwice C.twiceasmany D.twicemanyas
( )22.Thepianointheothershopwillbe_____,but_____.
A.cheaper;notasbetter B.morecheap;notasbetterC.cheaper;notasgood D.morecheap;notasgood
( )23.Johnplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,David.
A.aswell B.aswellas C.sowell D.sowellas
( )24.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,
A.hisworksarenotwidelyread B.buthisworksarenotwidelyreadC.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyread D.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread
( )25.___thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.
A.With B.Since C.While D.As
( )26.—Whatwasthepartylike?
—Wonderful.It'syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.
A.after B.when C.before D.since
( )27.Itwasnot_____shetookoffherdarkglasses_____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.
A.when;that B.until;that C.until;when D.when;then
( )28.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_____greatitis.
A.what B.how C.however D.whatever
( )29.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.
A.that B.where C.which D.when
( )30._____,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.
A.Howeverlateishe B.HoweverheislateC.Howeverishelate D.Howeverlateheis
答 案
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