上海浦东新区高三高中英语阅读理解复习专题.docx
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上海浦东新区高三高中英语阅读理解复习专题
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Astudyshowedthattheexperienceschildrenhaveintheirfirstfewyearsareimportant.Theseexperiencesaffectthedevelopmentofthebrain.Whenchildrenreceivemoreattention,theyoftenhavehigherIQs.Babiesreceiveinformationwhentheysee,hearandfeelthings,whichmakesconnectionsbetweendifferentpartsofthebrain.Thereareahundredtrillion（万亿）connectionsinthebrainofathree-year-oldchild.
ResearcherJuditGervaintestedhowgoodnewbornsareatdistinguishingdifferentsoundpatterns.Herresearchersproducedimagesofthebrainsofbabiesastheyhearddifferentsoundpatterns.Forexample,oneorderwasmu-ba-ba.Thisisthepattern"A-B-B".Anotherorderwasmu-ba-ge.Thisisthepattern“A-B-C”.Theimagesshowedthatthepartofthebrainresponsibleforspeechwasmoreactiveduringthe"A-B-B"pattern.Thisshowsthatbabiescantellthedifferencebetweendifferentpatterns.Theyalsoweresensitivetowhereitoccurredintheorder.
Gervainisexcitedbythesefindingsbecausetheorderofsoundsisthebuildingblockofwordsandgrammar."Positioniskeytolanguage,"shesays."Ifsomethingisatthebeginningorattheend,itmakesabigdifference:
Johncaughtthebear.'isverydifferentfrom'ThebearcaughtJohn.'”
ResearchersledbyscientistPatriciaKuhlhavefoundthatlanguagedeliveredbytelevisions,audiobooks,theInternet,orsmartphones－nomatterhoweducational－doesn'tappeartobeenoughforchildren'sbraindevelopment.Theycarriedoutastudyofnine-month-oldAmericanbabies.Theyexpectedthefirstgroupwho'dwatchedvideosinChinesetoshowthesamekindoflearningasthesecondgroupwhowerebroughtface-to-facewiththesamesounds.Insteadtheyfoundahugedifference.ThebabiesinthesecondgroupwereabletodistinguishbetweensimilarChinesesoundsaswellasnativelisteners.Buttheotherbabies－regardlessofwhethertheyhadwatchedthevideoorlistenedtotheaudio－learnednothing.
（1）Whatmakesconnectionsinababy'sbrain?
A. HavingahigherIQ.
B. Experiencingnewinformation.
C. Thebaby'earlyage.
D. Theconnectionwithotherbabies.
（2）WhatdidJuditGervainandherteamfindintheexperiment?
A. Babiesidentifydifferentsoundpatterns.
B. Wordorderisrelevanttomeaning.
C. Babiescanwellunderstanddifferentwords.
D. Acertainbrainregionprocesseslanguage.
（3）WhatdoestheunderlinedsentencemeaninParagraph3?
A. Grammarisimportantinlearninglanguages.
B. Differentordershavedifferentmeanings.
C. Differentlanguageshavedifferentgrammar.
D. Wordshavedifferentsounds.
（4）WhatisthemainconclusionfromthestudyledbyPatriciaKuhl?
A. Babiesshouldn'twatchalotoftelevision.
B. Listeningtodifferentlanguagesdevelopsbabies'brain.
C. Foreignlanguageshelpbabies'braindevelop.
D. Socialcommunicationimprovesbabies'braindevelopment.
【答案】
（1）B
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文章，介绍小孩最初几年的经历对大脑发育很重要，而媒介输入对孩子大脑发育效果不明显，最有效的是面对面语言输入。
（1）细节理解题。
根据第一段Babiesreceiveinformationwhentheysee,hearandfeelthings,whichmakesconnectionsbetweendifferentpartsofthebrain.可知，婴儿接收到不同信息，可以让大脑不同部分形成连接，故选B。
（2）推理判断题。
根据第二段Theimagesshowedthatthepartofthebrainresponsibleforspeechwasmoreactiveduringthe"A-B-B"pattern.Thisshowsthatbabiescantellthedifferencebetweendifferentpatterns.可知，实验表明婴儿可以区别不同的声音模式，故选A。
（3）句意猜测题。
根据第三段"Ifsomethingisatthebeginningorattheend,itmakesabigdifference:
'Johncaughtthebear.'isverydifferentfrom'ThebearcaughtJohn.'”可知，有些东西放在句首和句尾，会有很大的不同，比如John抓住了熊，和熊抓住了John，意思是不一样的，可知本句意思为位置对于语言来说很重要的，顺序不同，意思不同，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。
根据最后一段ResearchersledbyscientistPatriciaKuhlhavefoundthatlanguagedeliveredbytelevisions,audiobooks,theInternet,orsmartphones－nomatterhoweducational－doesn'tappeartobeenoughforchildren'sbraindevelopment.可知，通过电视、网络等媒介的语言教学，对于婴儿大脑发展是不够的，并且后面的实验表明，面对面的语言输入才有效，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和句意猜测三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：
段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
TheOutdoorCityAdventureBookFestival
ForoneweekinJuly,SheffieldCentralLibrarybecomesthecenterofadventureintheOutdoorCity.Checkoutsomeoftheevents.Mostofthemarefreebutearlybookingisrecommended.
July10
BeeQuest-AHuntfortheWorld'sMostElusive（难以捕捉的）BeesCentrallibraryCarpenterRoom,7:
00-8:
30pm.
Ahuntfortheworld'smostelusivebeesleadsProfessorDaveGoulsonfromPolandtoPatagonia,deepintotheEcuadorianJungle.Healsoexploresclosertohome.
Amongsecretplaceshiddenrightunderournosesandthroughhisscientificexpertise（专业知识）,showsusthatbeautyhidesinthemostsurprisingplaces.
July11
ClarionCall:
AHeartfeltTributetoSheffield'sAccessPioneers
CentrallibraryCarpenterRoom,10:
30-11:
30am.
Well-knownwalker,activistandcampaigner,TerryHowardtakesusbackahundredyearsandsharesthestoryoftheroleSheffieldersplayedinthefirstfightsforourrighttofreelywalkonthePeakDistrictmoors（旷野）.TheClarionRamblersisthoughttobethefirstworkingclasswalkingclub.Thisisthestoryoftheirimportantroleingainingustheaccessweallenjoytoday.
July12
TheWainwrightsinColorCentralLibraryCarpenterRoom,1:
30-2:
30pm.
InspiredbytheworkofthegreatAlfredWainwright,over10yearsAndyBeckhasreproducedinwatercolorall1,500picturesdrawninAPictorialGuidetotheLakelandFells.AndyspeaksabouthowthescenesintheLakeDistricthavechangedduringthelast50years.
July13
Craft（制作）YourOwnAdventureJournal-AWorkshopCentralLibraryReadingRoom,2:
00-3:
00pm,￡5.
Learnpapercrafttechniquestomakeyourownbeautifultraveljournal.Getadvicefromourexperttutoronusingoldphotosadventuresandholidays.
Collectingstoriesandmemoriesfromyour.
（1）Whicheventshouldyouchooseifyou'reinterestedinbees?
A. BeeQuest. B. ClarionCall.
C. TheWainwrightsinColor.
D. CraftYourOwnAdventureJournal.
（2）WhatdayistherighttimetosharethestoryofSheffielders?
A. July10. B. July11. C. July12. D. July13.
（3）WhatisspecialaboutCraftYourOwnAdventureJournal?
A. Itlaststhelongest.
B. Itneedsreservation.
C. Itcallsforadmissioncharges.
D. Itoffersthemostinterestingstories.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个户外城市探险书展。
在七月的一个星期里，谢菲尔德中央图书馆成为户外城市的冒险中心。
这些事件，大部分都是免费的，但建议大家要提前预订。
（1）考查细节理解。
根据 July10部分中的”BeeQuest-AHuntfortheWorld'sMostElusive（难以捕捉的）BeesCentrallibraryCarpenterRoom“,可知，BeeQuest中可寻找世界上最难以捉摸的蜜蜂，如果你对蜜蜂感兴趣，可以到BeeQuest，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据July11部分中的”CentrallibraryCarpenterRoom,...Thisisthestoryoftheirimportantroleingainingustheaccessweallenjoytoday"可知，在7月11日的ClarionCall是分享谢菲尔德故事的最佳时机。
故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。
根据July13部分中的个"Craft（制作）YourOwnAdventureJournal-AWorkshopCentralLibraryReadingRoom,2:
00-3:
00pm,￡5."可知，在这个活动中，要收取费用5英镑。
而上文其他的活动中都不收取费用，这是这个活动与其他不同之处，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
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