Digital Voltage Meter Based on singlechip technology基于单片机技术数电压表中英文资料#精选.docx

Digital Voltage Meter Based on singlechip technology基于单片机技术数电压表中英文资料#精选.docx

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DigitalVoltageMeterBasedonsinglechiptechnology基于单片机技术数电压表中英文资料#精选

digitalvoltagemeterBasedonsingle-chiptechnology

Singlechipisanintegratedonasinglechipacompletecomputersystem.Eventhoughmostofhisfeaturesinasmallchip,butithasaneedtocompletethemajorityofcomputercomponents:

CPU,memory,internalandexternalbussystem,mostwillhavetheCore.Atthesametime,suchasintegratedcommunicationinterfaces,timers,real-timeclockandotherperipheralequipment.Andnowthemostpowerfulsingle-chipmicrocomputersystemcanevenvoice,image,networking,inputandoutputcomplexsystemintegrationonasinglechip.

Alsoknownassingle-chipmicroprocessor,firstbecauseitwasusedinthefieldofindustrialcontrol.Onlybythesingle-chipCPUchipdevelopedfromthededicatedprocessor.ThedesignconceptisthefirstbyalargenumberofperipheralsandCPUinasinglechip,thecomputersystemsothatsmaller,moreeasilyintegratedintothecomplexanddemandingonthevolumecontroldevices.INTELtheZ80isoneofthefirstdesigninaccordancewiththeideaoftheprocessor,Fromthenon,theMCUandthedevelopmentofadedicatedprocessorpartedways.

Atpresent,single-chiptoinfiltrateallareasofourlives,whichisverydifficulttofindtheareaofalmostnotracesofsingle-chipmicrocomputer.Missilenavigationequipment,aircraftcontrolonavarietyofinstruments,computernetworkcommunicationsanddatatransmission,industrialautomation,real-timeprocesscontrolanddataprocessing,arewidelyusedinavarietyofsmartICcard,limousineciviliansecuritysystems,videorecorders,cameras,thecontrolofautomaticwashingmachines,aswellasprogram-controlledtoys,electronicpet,etc.,whichareinseparablefromthesingle-chipmicrocomputer.Nottomentionthefieldofrobotautomation,intelligentinstrumentation,medicalequipmenthasbeen.

Throughoutthedevelopmentprocessofsingle-chip,youcanindicatethedevelopmenttrendofsingle-chip,generallyare:

1.Oflow-powerCMOS

MCS-51seriesof8031introducedthepowerconsumptionof630mW,andnowwidespreadinthesingle-chip100mWorso,withthegrowingdemandforlow-powersingle-chip,andnowallthebasicsingle-chipmanufacturersareuseofCMOS（complementarymetaloxidesemiconductorprocess）.Asthe80C51ontheuseofHMOS（highdensitymetaloxidesemiconductorprocess）andCHMOS（high-densitycomplementarymetaloxidesemiconductorprocess）.AlthoughtheCMOSlowpowerconsumption,butbecauseofitsphysicalcharacteristicstodetermineitsspeedisnothighenough,andthenCHMOSwithhigh-speedandlowpowerconsumptioncharacteristicsofthesefeatures,itismoresuitableinlowpowerconsumption,asbattery-poweredapplications.Therefore,theprocessforsometimetocomewillbethemainwaytodevelopsingle-chipmicrocomputer.

2.Singal-chipofmicro-chip

Nowgenerallyinconventionalsingle-chipwillbethecentralprocessingunit（CPU）,randomaccessdatastorage（RAM）,read-onlyprogrammemory（ROM）,parallelandserialcommunicationinterface,systeminterruption,timingcircuits,integratedcircuitclockinasinglechip,enhancedsingle-chipintegration,suchasA/Dconverter,PMW（pulsewidthmodulationcircuit）,WDT（watchdog）,andsomewillbesingle-chipLCD（LCD）driverintegratedcircuitsareinasinglechip,thisunitincludessingle-chipcircuitsonmoreandmorepowerfulfeatures.Evensingle-chipmanufacturerscanalsobetailoredinaccordancewiththerequirementsofusers,tocreateasinglechipwithitsownchipcharacteristics.

3.Mainstreamandmulti-speciescoexistence

Althoughawidevarietyofsingle-chip,unique,butstillsingle-chipmicrocomputer80C51prevailingatthecore,compatiblewithitsstructureandcommandsystemofPHILIPSproducts,ATMELcompany'sproductsandChinaTaiwan'sWinbondSeriessingle-chipmachine.Therefore,single-chipmicrocomputerasthecoreC8051occupiedthehalf.Microchip'sPICandreducedinstructionset（RISC）hasastrongdevelopmentmomentumofChinaTaiwanHOLTEKsingle-chipcompaniesinrecentyears,increasingproduction,withitshighqualitylow-costadvantages,tooccupyacertainmarketshare.MOTOROLAadditiontothecompany'sproducts,severallargecompaniesinJapan'sexclusivesingle-chipmicrocomputer.Acertainperiodoftime,thissituationwillcontinuetobeupheld,therewillnotbeasingle-chipmonopolydomination,takingthecomplementaryinterdependence,complementarityandcommondevelopment.

AT89C51isaflickerwith4KbytesEEPROM-programmablelow-voltage,high-performancedigitalmicroprocessorsCMOS8,commonlyknownassingle-chipmicrocomputer.AT89C2051isaflickerwith2KbytesEEPROMprogrammablemicrocontroller.MCUEEPROMerasurecanberepeated100times.ThedeviceATMELmanufacturehigh-densitynonvolatilememorytechnologywithindustry-standardMCS-51instructionsetandpincompatibleoutput.Owingtothemulti-purpose8-bitCPUandflashmemorychipsinasingleportfolio,ATMEL'sAT89C51microcontrollerisahighlyefficient,AT89C2051isastreamlinedversionofit.AT89Csingle-chipembeddedcontrolsystemformanyprovidesaflexibleandinexpensiveprogram.

AT89C51performance:

1.AndMCS-51compatible

2.4KbytesofprogrammableFlashMemory

3.Lifeexpectancy:

1000write/wipecycle

4.Dataretentiontime:

10years

5.Staticworkofthewhole:

0Hz-24MHz

6.Three-levelProgramMemoryLock

7.128×8-bitinternalRAM

8.32ProgrammableI/Olines

9.Two16-bittimer/counter

10.5InterruptSources

11.ProgrammableSerialChannel

12.Low-poweridleandpower-downmode

13.Chiposcillatorandclockcircuitry

ReferredtoasdigitalvoltagemeterDVM,itisadigitalmeasurementtechnology,thecontinuousanalog（DCinputvoltage）intoanon-continuous,discretedigitalformandtheinstrumentdisplay.

Thecharacteristicsofdigitalvoltagemeter：

1.Showaclearintuitive,accuratereadings

Traditionalanalogueinstrumentsthroughtheuseofindicatorsmustbecarriedoutanddialreadingsinthereadingprocesswillbeintroducedtotheinevitablehumanerror.Digitalvoltagemeteristheuseofadvanceddigitaldisplaytechnology,sothatthemeasurementresultsataglance,aslongasthemeterjumpphenomenondoesnotoccur,themeasurementresultsisunique.

2.Showthatthemedian

Showthatthemedianisusually31/2,32/3,33/4/spaces,41/2,43/4,51/2,61/2,71/2,81/2Atotalof9.Determinethemediannumberofinstrumentstherearetwoprinciples:

1.candisplayallthenumbers0to9aretheinteger-bit;Score-bitnumericalvalueisbasedonthelargestshowthehighestnumberofelements,withthehighestnumberoffull-scaleasthedenominator.

3.Highaccuracy

Accuracyofresultsisameasureofsystematicerrorandrandomerroroftheintegrated.

4.Highresolution

Digitalvoltagemeteratthelowestvoltagerangeonthebottomofacharacterrepresentedbythevoltagevalue,knownastheinstrumentoftheresolution,whichreflectsthelevelofinstrumentsensitivity.Withthedisplayresolutionincreasesthemedian.Resolutionreferstothesmallestcanbeshowninthefigures（exceptzero）andthelargestpercentageofthenumber.Forexample,31/2DVMofaresolutionof1/1999≈0.05%.Benotedthattheresolutionandaccuracyaretwodifferentconcepts.Fromthemeasurementpointofview,theresolutionis"true"indicators（withmeasurementerrorhasnothingtodo）,theaccuracyisthe"real"target（onbehalfofthesizeofmeasurementerror）.

5.Widemeasuringrange

DVMgenerallymoremeasurablerange0~1000VDCvoltage,highvoltageprobecanbemeasuredwiththemillion-volthigh-pressure.

A/Dconverter[4]isadigitalvoltagemeter,digitalmultimeterandmeasuringsystemthe"heart."Atpresent,domesticproductionofA/Dconverterhasreachedhundredsofspeciescanbebroadlydividedintofivemaincategories:

1.monolithicA/Dconverter;2.DMMdedicatedsingle-chipIC;3.dedicatedmulti-displaymeterIC;4.fordigitaltheuseofspecialinstrumentationIC（ASIC）;5.othergeneral-purposeA/Dconverter,thechipcanonlycompleteA/Dconverter,notdirectlywiththenumberofinstruments.

DigitalvoltagemeterdigitalmeterisagreatcoreandfoundationofthedigitalvoltagemeterasacontinuousanalogDCvoltagetoadiscreteformofnon-sequentialnumbers,whichisdifferentfromtraditionaldialindicatorreadingstoincreasethewaystoavoiderrorsinreadingandvisualfatigue.Atpresent,thedigitalmultimeterisacorecomponentoftheinternalA/Dconverter,converter,toalargeextentaffecttheaccuracyoftheaccuracyofthedesignofdigitalmultimeter-DigitalVoltageMeterA/DconverterforconvertinganalogsignalsADC0804input,AT89C51controlstheheartofthetransformationandprocessingtheresultsofoperations,thefinaloutputdevicedrivernumberofvoltagesignal.DigitalvoltagemeterdigitalmeterisagreatcoreandfoundationofthedigitalvoltagemeterasacontinuousanalogDCvoltagetoadiscreteformofnon-sequentialnumbers,whichisdifferentfromtraditionaldialindicatorreadingstoincreasethewaystoavoiderrorsinreadingandvisualfatigue.Atpresent,thedigitalmultimeterisacorecomponentoftheinternalA/Dconverter,converter,toalargeextentaffecttheaccuracyoftheaccuracyofthedesignofdigitalmultimeter-DigitalVoltageMeterA/DconverterforconvertinganalogsignalsADC0804input,AT89C51controlstheheartofthetransformationandprocessingtheresultsofoperations,thefinaloutputdevicedrivernumberofvoltagesignal.LEDdisplaycanbecarriedoutwillbedisplayedafterthedecimalpointvoltagevalueofone.

Adoptio