人教版英语八年级英语下册阅读理解经典.docx

人教版英语八年级英语下册阅读理解经典.docx

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人教版英语八年级英语下册阅读理解经典

2020-2021年人教版英语八年级英语下册阅读理解经典

一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）

1．阅读理解

   Embroidery（刺绣）hasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina.EmbroideryisverypopularinmanycountriessuchasChina,IndiaandJapan.Embroideryisthehandicraftofdecoratingfabricorothermaterialswithneedlesandthreadoryarn.EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins.Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts.Embroideryisavailablewithawidevarietyofthreadoryarncolours.

   Embroideryhasmanyuniquecharacteristics（特点）.Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches（针法）,suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.Theyarestillthefundamentaltechniquesofhandembroiderytoday.

   Embroiderycanbeclassifiedaccordingtowhetherthedesignisstitchedontopoforthroughthefoundationfabric;andbytherelationshipofstitchplacementtothefabric.Differentembroiderieshavetheirownadvantagesanddisadvantages.In'modernsociety,wecanproducemanydifferentembroideries.Machineembroideryisoneofthem:

ItappearsintheearlystagesoftheIndustrialRevolution.

（1）Fromthepassage,wecanknowembroiderycandatebackto

A. theWarringStatesPeriod                               

B. theSpringandAutumnPeriod

C. themoderntimes                                             D. theMingDynasty

（2）Whichofthefollowingmaterialscannotbeusedinembroideryaccordingtothepassage?

A. Metalstrips.                             

B. Pearls.                             

C. Quills.                             

D. Wood.

（3）Fromthepassage,howmanythingscanembroiderybeusedon?

A. Seven.                                   

B. Six.                                   

C. Five.                                   

D. Eight.

（4）Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsbelongstoembroidery?

A. Theflyingstitch.           B. Thesatinstitch.           C. Theflatstitch.           D. Thebuttonstitch.

【答案】

（1）A

（2）D

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了刺绣的起源，构造以及特点和用途。

（1）细节题。

根据第一段提到的 EmbroideryhasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina. 可知刺绣来自theWarringStatesPeriod，故选A。

（2）细节题。

根据第一段提到的EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins. 可知材料不包括wood，木料，故选D。

（3）细节题。

根据第一段提到的Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts. 可知一共有8个，故选D。

（4）细节题。

根据第二段提到的Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches（针法）,suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.可知thesatinstitch是它的特点，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读理解

   Morethanfiftyyearsago,BarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90GofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.

   However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent.Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetitionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cametolifeaboutsixteenyearsago.Shelooksmoreliketoday'spopstarswithheavymakeup（浓妆）andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindsofclothes.

   ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls."Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfunnier.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,"saysVeraShepherd,ashopassistantofatoystoreinNewYork.

   Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket,BarbieisstillNo.1.AlthoughMattelissellingfewerBarbiesintheUnitedStatestheseyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.

   MattelisplanningbigcelebrationsforBarbie's58thbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopularintheworldoftoydolls?

Itishardtosay,but58issurelynottheagetoretire（退休）.

（1）Barbie'sfamilynameis         .

A. Roberts                             B. Millicent                             C. Shepherd                             D. Bratz

（2）Barbie'stroubleisthat         .

A. shewearsheavymakeupandminiskirts

B. otherdollsaremorepopularwithlittlegirls

C. otherdollsaretryingtobeatherinthemarket

D. shehasbecomelesspopularintheinternationalmarket

（3）GirlscandothefollowinginthefirstBarbiestoreinShanghaiEXCEPT      .

A. goingshopping               B. havingfood               C. drinkingjuice               D. takingphotos

（4）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords"fashiondesigners"inthepassage?

A. 珠宝设计师                       B. 发型设计师                       C. 舞台设计师                       D. 时装设计师

【答案】

（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了芭比娃娃的起源，以及现在的发展状况。

（1）细节题。

根据第一段提到的BarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys. 可知，姓为Roberts，故选A。

（2）推断题。

根据第二段说其他娃娃也相继占有市场，可知Barbie因此受到打击，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据第三段提到的MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesigners fortheirownBarbies.可知，只有takingphotos不可以，故选D。

（4）推断题。

根据第四段提到的 FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie，可知这个单词的意思为时装设计师，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

3．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   "Homestayisaformofstudyabroadprogram.Itallowsavisitortorentaroomfromalocal（当地的）familytounderstandthelocallifestylebetter.Italsohelpstoimprovethevisitor'slanguageability,"saidateacher,duringaschoolmeetinglastterm."Studentswhowishtolearnmoreaboutforeignculturesortogetforeignexperienceshouldjointhiskindofholiday.Iamsureyouwon'tbedisappointed（失望的）."

   Afterthisspecialmeeting,Ialwaysthoughtaboutthiskindofholiday.LastmonthIhadachanceatlasttogoonsuchaholidaywithsomeofmyschoolmatesandwewenttoLondon—aplacewhereIhadwantedtogosinceyearsago.

   Aswewerestillyoung,wehadagroupleaderwhoplannedthingsforusandlookedafterus.AfterwegottoLondon,wewenttostaywithdifferentfamilies.Iwasluckythatmyhostfamily（寄宿家庭）wasawhitecouplewhohadadaughteraboutmyage.Theytreatedmeasadaughteroftheirfamilyduringmystaythere.TheywereinterestedinmeandIlearntalotofthingsfromthemtoo.

   Theholidaywasfilledwithactivitieseveryday.Afterbreakfast,alocalteacherwouldcometotakeusinhiscar.Thenwewouldhaveclassesorgoonasightseeingtriptodifferentplacesofinterest,liketheBigBen,theLondonBridgeandtheBuckinghamPalace.Wewouldgobacktoourownhomesaftertheactivities.

   Theholidaywasavaluableexperienceforme.Ienjoyedeveryminuteofit.Yet,timereallyflewfast.Threeweekslater,wehadtoleave"homes"forHongKong.

（1）Inthe"homestay"program,avisitorcan________.

A. learnmoreaboutholidays                              

B. understandhisculturebetter

C. improvethelanguageability                          

D. takepartinforeignmeetings

（2）Thegroupleadershould________.

A. makeplansforthefamily                                B. takecareofthestudents

C. staywithdifferentfamilies                              

D. rentroomstothestudents

（3）Thewriter'shostfamily________.

A. wereverykindtoher                                       

B. wentsightseeingwithher

C. hadtwowhitedaughters                                

D. wereinterestedinheractivities

（4）Fromthepassageweknowthatthewriter________inLondon.

A. wishedtostayalittlelonger                         

B. spentthreeweeksinher"home"

C. hadclassesinmanyinterestingplaces        

D. helpedtheteachertakethestudentsinacar

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】大意：

文章主要介绍了作者在伦敦寄宿家庭度过的一个假期。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段Italsohelpstoimprovethevisitor'slanguageability.他也帮助提高游客的语言能力，可知在家庭寄宿项目中，游客可以提高语言能力。

故选C。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第三段wehadagroupleaderwhoplannedthingsforusandlookedafterus.可知，团队带领人要照顾学生。

故选B。

（3）细节理解题。

根据第三段Theytreatedmeasadaughteroftheirfamilyduringmystaythere.在我停留的期间，他们待我像他们家的女儿一样，可知作者的寄宿家庭对她特别好。

故选A。

（4）推理判断题。

根据最后一段Yet,timereallyflewfast.然而，时间过得真的很快，可知作者希望可以停留久一点。

故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

4．阅读理解

   April22isEarthDay.EveryoneonEarthshouldcareaboutandprotecttheearth!

   Theearthhaswarmedbyabout1°F（华氏度）overthepast100years,butwhyandhow?

Well,scientistsarenotquitesure.Maybetheearthgetswarmerandwarmeronitsown.Butmanyscientistssaythatpeoplearedoingmanythingswhichmakestheearthwarmer.First,greenhouseeffect（温室效应）isaveryimportantreasonforthechangeoftheearth.Peoplegiveouttoomuchenergyintotheaireveryyear.Itmakestheearthwarmer.Climate（气候）changeisanotherimportantreason.Sometimesitbecomestoohotandsometimestoocold.Sometimesthereistoomuchrainandsometimestoolittle.Thechangeoftheclimatemakestheearthwarmer.Inturn,thewarmthoftheearthchangestheclimate,too.

   Whentheearthbecomeswarmer,therema