华中师范大学研究生英语口语期末考试.docx

华中师范大学研究生英语口语期末考试.docx

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华中师范大学研究生英语口语期末考试

1、Whatishappiness?

Whatarethepersonalityfactorsinhappypeopleandunhappypeople?

A、Whatishappiness?

Differentpeoplemayhavedifferentopinionabouthappiness.Fromthedictionary,Wecanknowthathappinessistofeelorexpresspleasure、contentment、satisfactionandsoon.Whenwearebusyearningmoney,wegraduallyforgetwhatthehappinessis.Wedon’tunderstandwhatthetruefeelingofhappinessis,maybesomepeoplesaythatIhavemoneysothatIamahappyman,somepeoplealsosaythatIhavefriendssothatIamahappymanandsomepeoplesaythatIgetahighsalarysothatIamahappyman.Manythingscanmakeyouhappy,butthehappinesslastveryshort.Ifyougethappiness,youcanshareittoothers.Eventhoughyouarenothappynow,don’tworry,youcanalsoreceivethehappinessfeelingagain.Livingonthisworld,itisnoteasytofeeltruehappiness,butwemusttryourbesttoliveahappylife.

Ithinktherearethreepersonalityfactorsinhappypeopleandunhappypeople.

B、Ithinkthefirstpersonalityfactoristhathappypeoplearesatisfiedwiththemselves.Thismeansthattheylikethemselvesastheyare,andtheyarehappywhattheyhave.Theythinkmoreaboutthethingstheyaresatisfiedwith,notthechangestheywanttomake.Thisfeelingofhappinesscomesfromtheinside,notfromsomethingoutside.Asweallknows,unhappypeopleareoftendissatisfiedwiththemselves.Theyfeelthatsomethingmustchangesotheycanbehappy.Theyarealwayslookingforsomethingoutthemselvestomakethemhappy.

C、Ithinkthesecondpersonalityfactoristhathappypeopleareoptimistic,theylookatthepositivesideoflife,notthenegative.Now,weallhaveproblems,whetherwearehappyornot.Butwhenhappypeoplehaveproblems,theyassumethatthingswillimprove.Theydon’tworryalotandthinkaboutallthebadthingsthatcanhappen.

D、However,unhappypeoplearetheopposite.Theyarenotoptimisticanddon’thaveapositiveattitude.Whentheyhaveaproblemthinkabouthowbadeverythingisandassumethatthingswillgetworse.Sotheymakethemselvesevenmoreunhappywhentheythinkaboutallthebadthingsthatmighthappen.

E、Ithinkthethirdpersonalityfactoristhathappypeoplehavegoodrelationshipswithotherpeople.Theytrytoclose,lovingrelationshipswithfriendsandfamily.Sohappydon’tspendalltheirtimebuildingtheircareersortryingtomakemoney.Theyalsospendtimebuildingrelationshipswithfriendsandfamily.Now,ontheotherhand,unhappypeopledon’thaveasmanycloserelationships.Theymaybehavetroublemakingfriends.Ortheymayspendalltheirtimeworkingandthenfindthattheyareverylonelyandunhappy.

2.What’syourpointofviewonwomen’sroleandpositioninthemodernsociety?

A、Asweallknow,women’sroleandpositionaremuchmorehigherinthemodernsocietybycontractingwiththepast.Theyaremorefree、independentandstrong.Andtheycanalsosharethesamerightswiththemen,suchasreceivingeducation,thechanceofgettingajob,expressingtheiropinionsandsoon.Womenarenotdependontheirhusbands’help.Themostimportantthingisthattheyhavenottostayathomeforjustlookingaftertheirchildrenorcleaninguptheirhouse,instead,theycangoouttowork,toseeabiggerworldandtorealizetheirpersonalvalues.Sowomen’slifewillbemoremeaningfulandvaluable,becausetheycanalsomakegreatcontributestothesocietyratherthanjustbeahousewife.

B、Womenareplayinganincreasinglyimportantpartinsocietytoday.Inmanycountries,moreandmorewomenarenotonlyactingasworkers,farmers,scientists,theyarealsotakinganactivepartinpolitics.Wecansaythatalmostalljobswhichmencandonow,italsocandoperfectlybywomen.

Withthechangesintheirsocialrole,woman'spositioninthefamilyhasbeenimprovedaswell.Husbandandwifearenowequalinthefamily.Theycopewithproblemsofdailylifetogether,andsharehappinesswitheachother.Youcannotseethetraditionalpatternthatmengooutworkingtosupportthefamilywhilewomenstayedathometakingcareofthehusbandandthechildren.

C、What’smore,Ihavealotofexamplestosupportmyopinion.Forexample,inthemodernsociety,womenoftenholdthepowerofspendingthemoney,andhusbandsshouldhandintheirwagestotheirwife.Therefore,wecancometoaconclusionthatwomen’sroleandpositionhavebeenimprovedgreatly.

Inspiteofthesechanges,theliberationofwomenhasnotbeencompletelyrealized.Anumberofmenstillregardwomenasinferior.Somewomenarestillfacedwithinequalitywhentheyarelookingforjobs.That'sreallytheproblemweshouldsolveimmediately.

D、somepeoplestillthinkthata“goodmother”isonewhogivesupworktostayathomewithherchildren.However,asfarasIamconcerned,agoodmotherdoesn’thavetoquitherjobanddevoteallofherselftoherchildrenandfamily.Today’ssocietyhasprovidedwomenwithallkindsofopportunitiestoshowtheirabilities.Likemen,theyhavetherighttodowhattheyliketodo.Besides,amotherwhosuccessfullymanagesbothanoutsidejobandparenthoodprovidesarolemodelforherchildren.

E、Inmostfamilieswithworkingmother,eachpersonplaysamoreactiveroleinthehousehold.Thefatherismorelikelytohelpwithhouseholdchoresandchildrearingaswellasbreadwinning;thechildrentendtobecomemoreindependentandmaketheirowndecisions;andtheworkingmotherwillfeelmoresatisfiedandvaluedwhensupportedbyfamily、friendsandcoworkers.Onthecontrary,ifamotherstaysathomedayafterday,shewillloseinterestineverything;asaresult,itwillhaveanegativeeffectonthefamily.

3、Whodoyouthinkisbetteratlearninganewlanguage,anadultorachild?

Whatmakesthemlearnanewlanguagedifferently?

A、AsfarasI’mconcerned,childrenwillbebetteratlearninganewlanguage.

Firstly,asweallknow,childrenarestudiedtohaveatalentinacceptinganewthing,especiallylearninganewlanguage.Becausewhentheyareyoung,theydon’thavetoconcernaboutdifferentkindsofthings,whichwillmakeaside-effectonthem.Suchasthepressureofwork、studyandlife.Soadultareusuallysobusythattheyhavenotimeandenergytolearnanewlanguagewellinashorttime.

B、Secondly,childrenhaveabettermemoryinrememberingthings.Everyoneknowsthat,withthegrowthofage,people’smemorywilldeclinegradually.Therefore,forthebadmemory,adultscan’tlearnanewlanguagequicklyaswellasthechildren.Thirdly,Ithinkadultshavesaidonelanguageforalongtime,sotheirmodeofthinkinghasbeenstereotyped.Andthiswillaffectthemofacquiringanewlanguageandthinkinginadifferentway.Soitmaybecausesthatadultshavesomedifficultyinlearning.

C、Inaword,Iholdtheopinionthatchildrenwillbebetteratlearninganewlanguage.Whatmakesthemlearnanewlanguagedifferently?

Ithinkpeople’sbrainschangewhentheyareadolescentsandthatthesechangesmakeitmoredifficultforadultstolearnanewlanguagethanforchildren.

D、childrencanhearthedifferentsoundsbetter,andtheirmouthmusclescanmakethenewsounds.Inmanycases,achildwillspeakanewlanguagewithnoforeignaccentatall.Butgenerally,adultswholearnanewlanguageafteradolescencespeakwithforeignaccent.Theyneverlearntospeakwithnativeaccent,onmatterhowhardtheytry.Itcanbeveryfrustrating.

E、Sowecanconcludethatthereisacriticalperiodwhenhumanscanlearncertainthings.Humans,ontheotherhand,canstilllearnsomenewthingsasadults,likelanguage,butitismoredifficult.Adultshumanshaveacriticalperiodforlearningnewaccents.

4.IstheEnglishlanguagealwayschanging?

TalkaboutsomechangesofEnglish.Whatarethefactorsthatcontributealottochangesofalanguage?

A、yes,Andsoiseveryotherhumanlanguage.Ifalanguageisused,itischanging.TheEnglishlanguage,likemanyothers,isalwayschanging、evolvingandadaptingtotheneedofitsusers.Thishasbeentruefromitsbeginning.Itcontinuestobetruetoday.Whetheryoulikeitornot,youareinvolvedinthischange.Thisisn’tabadthing.IfEnglishhadn’tchangedsince,say,1950,wewouldn’thavewordstorefertomodems,faxmachines,orcableTV.Aslongastheneedsoflanguageuserscontinuetochange,thelanguagewillchange,too.Thechangeissoslowthatfromyeartoyearwehardlynoticeit.However,readingShakespeare’swritingcanbequitedifficult.Ifyougobackanother500yearstotrytoreadBeowulf,itwouldbelikereadingadifferentlanguage

.

B、FromitshistorywecanseethatEnglishdiffersalotfromitsorigin,becauseithasbeeninfluencedbysomanylanguages.thechangesareasfollowings:

First,thechangesofvocabularyareobvious,sinceEnglishadoptedalotofwordsfromforeignlanguages,suchasFrench、Greek、ChineseandLatin.TheEnglishusednowadayshasmanydifferencesfromtheoldEnglish.Second,thechangesofthegrammar.Whenwereadthewordswrittenbyfamouswriterslivinginthe16thcentury,wecanfindhowgreatlythegrammarhaschangedfromtheEnglishofthattime.Third,thoughthepronunciationschangesslightly.TherearealwaysnewwordsintroducedintoEnglish,suchas“clingfish”、”gongfu”.

C、Whatarethefactorsthatcontributealottochangesofalanguage?

Ithinkthefirstisthephysiologicalfactors.Differentethnicgroupsintheprocessoflong-termuseoflanguage,becauseofitsuniquehabits,promptingunconsciouslyphoneticsystemofthelanguagetheyusetoadirectionchange.Ifdifferentnationalitiesintheprocessoflong-termuseoflanguageunlikehisnationwillhappen,andthi