上海市嘉定二中学年高一月考英语试题.docx

上海市嘉定二中学年高一月考英语试题.docx

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上海市嘉定二中学年高一月考英语试题

上海市嘉定二中2020-2021学年高一12月月考英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、用单词的适当形式完成短文

Directions：

Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.

Laughandtheworldlaughswithyou.Even1．（good）,youmightlivelonger,anAmericanresearcherreports.

“Adultswhohaveasenseofhumorlivelongerthan2．whodon’tfindlifefunny,andthesurvivaledgeisparticularlylargeforpeople3．cancer,”saysRichardSmithoftheColumbiaUniversityofScienceandTechnology.

He4．（present）hisstudyofabout54,000Americans,5．hehadfollowedforsevenyears,attheAmericanPsychosomaticSocietymeetinglastMonday.

Atthestart,patientsfilledoutquestionnaireson6．easilytheyfoundhumorinreal-lifesituationsandhowimportantahumorousideawas.Thestudyshowednextthegreaterrolehumorplayedintheirlives,7．greatertheirchanceswerein8．（survive）thesevenyears.Adultscoringinthetopone-quarterforhumorappreciationwere35%morelikely9．（be）alivethanthoseinthebottomquarter.Inasmallergroupof2,015peoplewhohadacancerdiagnosis（诊断）atthestart,thestudyfound10．importantthatagreatsenseofhumorcutthechancesofdyingbyabout70%.

二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文

Directions：

Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

Tributes（致哀）pouredinlastweektotheworld-famousBritishphysicistStephenHawking,whoseinsights11．moderncosmology（宇宙学）andinspiredglobalaudiencesinthemillions.Hediedattheageof76onMarch14.

HawkingwasgivenonlyafewyearstoliveafterbeingdiagnosedwithALS（肌萎缩性脊髓侧索硬化症）attheageof21.Theillnesslefthiminawheelchairandlargely12．tospeakexpectthroughavoicesynthesizer（合成器）.Nevertheless,Hawkingcompletedhisdoctorate（博士学位）ontheoriginsoftheuniversethreeyearslaterandbecamearesearchfellowattheUniversityofCambridge’sCaiusCollege.

Hawking’sfirstmajor13．camein1970.WithmathematicianRogerPenrose,HawkingusedEinstein’stheoryofrelativity（相对论）to14．theoriginsoftimeandspacetosingularity（奇点），asinglepointofzerosizeandinfinitedensity（无限大的密度）whereallthelawsofphysicswouldhavebrokendown.TheirworkgavemathematicalexpressiontotheBigBangtheory（创世大爆炸理论）.Hawkingwasthefirsttotryto15．relativitywithquantummechanics（量子力学）.In1974,heputforwardthatblackholesleakedradiation,nowknownas“Hawkingradiation,”andwouldeventuallydisappearwithatremendousexplosion.Theproposal16．tooneofthemostpassionatedebatesinmoderncosmology—beforeHawking,itwaswidelyacceptedthatblackholeswerecompletelyblackandwould17．forever.

In1982,Hawkingwasamongthefirsttoshowhowtinychangesinthedistribution（分布）ofmattermightgiverisetothe18．ofgalaxies（银河系）intheuniverseandlaytheseedsofstars,planetsandlifeasweknowit.

For30years,HawkingwasCambridge’sLucasianprofessorofmathematics（卢卡斯数学教授席位），arguablyBritain’smostdistinguishedchair（席位）andapostonceheldbySirIsaacNewton.Hereceived12honorarydegreesandwasawardedaCompanionofHonor（英国荣誉勋位）byQueenElizabethin1989.The1988publicationofABriefHistoryofTimewonHawkinginternational19．.Thebook,throughwhichtheprofessorbroughtcomplexsciencetoa20．audience,hassoldatleasttenmillionbooksin40languages.

三、完形填空

Mostpeoplebelievetheydon’thavemuchimagination.Theyare21.Everyonehasimagination,butmostofus,oncewebecomeadults,forgethowto22it.Creativityisn’talways23withgreatworksofartorideas.Peopleatworkandintheirfreetime24thinkofcreativewaystosolveproblems.Maybeyouhaveagoaltoachieve,atrickyquestiontoansweroryoujustwanttoexpandyourmind!

Herearethreetechniquestohelpyou.

Makingconnections.Thistechniqueinvolvestaking25ideasandtryingtofindlinksbetweenthem.First,thinkabouttheproblemyouhavetosolveorthejobyouneedtodo.Thenfindanimage,word,ideaorobject,forexample,acandle.Writedownalltheideas/words26withcandles:

light,fire,matches,wax,night,silence,etc.Thinkofasmanyasyoucan.Thenextstageistorelatethe27tothejobyouhavetodo.Soimagineyouwanttobuyafriendanoriginal28;youcouldbuyhimticketstomatchortakehimoutforthenight.

NOlimits!

Imaginethatnormallimitationsdon’t29.Youhaveasmuchtime/space/money,etc.asyouwant.Thinkaboutyourgoalandthenew30.Ifyourgoalistolearntoski,31,youcannowpractiseskiingeverydayofyourlife（becauseyouhavethetimeandthemoney）.Now32thistoreality.MaybeyoucanpractiseskiingeverydayinDecember,oreveryMondayinJanuary.

Besomeoneelse!

Lookatthesituationfroma33pointofview.Goodbusinessmenusethistechniqueintrade,andsodowriters.Fictionwritersoftenimaginetheyarethe34intheirbooks.Theyaskquestions:

Whatdoesthischaracterwant?

Whycan’tshegetit?

Whatchangesmustshemaketogetwhatshewants?

Ifyourgoalinvolvesotherpeople,putyourselfintheir35.Thebestfishermenthinklikefish!

21．A．wrongB．unbelievableC．reasonableD．realistic

22．A．putupwithB．catchupwithC．makeuseofD．keeptrackof

23．A．equippedB．comparedC．coveredD．connected

24．A．skillfullyB．routinelyC．vividlyD．deeply

25．A．familiarB．unrelatedC．creativeD．imaginary

26．A．presentedB．markedC．litD．associated

27．A．ideasB．ambitionsC．achievementD．technique

28．A．experienceB．serviceC．presentD．object

29．A．workB．lastC．existD．change

30．A．possibilitiesB．limitationsC．tendencyD．practice

31．A．infactB．inparticularC．asawholeD．forexample

32．A．devoteB．adaptC．leadD．keep

33．A．privateB．globalC．differentD．practical

34．A．featuresB．themesC．creaturesD．characters

35．A．positionsB．dreamsC．imagesD．directions

四、阅读选择

Thoughcell-phonesareusuallyconsidereddevicesthatconnectpeople,theymaymakeuserslesssociallyminded,whichisfoundbyarecentstudyfromtheUniversityofMaryland’sRobertH.SmithSchoolofBusiness.

MarketingprofessorsAnastasiyaPocheptsovaandRosellinaFerraro,withgraduatestudent,AjayT.Abraham,conductedaseriesofexperimentsontestgroupsofcellphoneusers.Thefindingsappearintheirworkingpaper,TheEffectofMobilePhoneUseonProsocialBehavior.Prosocialbehavior,asdefinedintheirreport,isactionintendedtobenefitanotherpersonorsocietyasawhole.

Theresearchersfoundthatafterashortperiodofcellphoneusethesubjectswerelesslikelytovolunteerforacommunityserviceactivity,comparedtothecontrol-group（对照组）.Thecellphoneuserswerealsolesspersistentinsolvingwordproblemseventhoughtheyknewtheiranswerswouldcontributetoamonetary（货币的）donationtocharity.

Thestudyinvolvedseparategroupsofcollegestudentsubjects-bothmenandwomenandgenerallyintheirearly20s."Wewouldexpectsimilareffectswithpeoplefromotheragegroups,"saidFerraro."Consideringthepopularityofcellphones,itdoeshavethepotentialtohavewidesocialeffects."

Theresearchersusepreviousresearchtoexplainthecauseoftheirfindings:

"Thecellphonedirectlyarousesfeelingsofconnectionwithothers,thusfulfillingthebasicsocialneedtobelong."Thisresultsinreducingone’sdesiretoconnectwithothersface-to-faceortoengageinempathic（同情的）andprosocialbehavior.

Thestudyalsodistinguisheditssubjectsfromusersofothersocialmedia—Facebookusers—inoneofthetests.Theresearchersfoundthatparticipantsfeltmoreconnectedtoothersbecauseoftheircell-phonesthanbecauseoftheirFacebookaccounts,suggestingthatthisdifferenceinconnectednesswastheunderlyingcauseoftheobservedphenomenon.

36．Apersonwillconductprosocialbehaviorwhenhe____.

A．iscloselyconnectedtohisfriends.

B．usesthecellphoneforaperiodoftime

C．takespartincommunityservice

D．usesthecellphonealot

37．WhatmakesFacebookusersdifferentfromcellphoneusers?

A．Differentaccounts.

B．Differentpurposes.

C．Differenthumanneeds.

D．Thedifferenceinconnection.

38．Comparedwithcellphoneusers,Facebookusersprobably_____.

A．havealotmorefriends

B．feelmoreconnectedtotheirfriends

C．don’tliketoengageinprosocialbehavioratall

D．aremorelikelytoengageinprosocialbehavior

39．Whichcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．CellPhoneUseHasBroadSocialEffects

B．CellPhoneUseLeadstoProsocialbehavior

C．CellPhoneUseIsLinkedtoSelfishBehavior

D．TheHarmfulEffectofCellPhoneUse

EnterforachancestowinaMontanaadventure

ImagineyourselfhikingonthesameroutethatLewisandClarkonceexplored,flyfishingandwhitewaterrafting（激浪漂流）inbeautifullakesandrivers,learninghowtospeakBlackfeet,diggingforancientdinosaurremains,andstandingattheedgeofa6,000-year-oldglacier（冰川）inGlacierNationalPark.YouhavethechancetodoallofthisandmuchmorewiththeNationalGeographicKidsHands-OnExplorerChallengeExpeditionTeam.TheHands-OnExplorerChallengeisheadingwestin2016toMontana.

HIKE!

Montanaishometomanyspeciesofplantsandanimals.Followinthefootstepsoflegendaryexplorersandgetaclose-upviewofwaterfalls,wildflowers,andwildlife.

DIG!

SomeofthemostimportantdinosaurdiscoverieshavebeenfoundinMontana.You’lldiscovertreasuresyourselfasyoudigforancientdinosaurremainsinMontana’sHighPlains.

CULTURE!

MontanahaselevenNativeAmericantribes（部落）―eachonefille