2 高考英语阅读翻译教学讲义 综合训练.docx

2 高考英语阅读翻译教学讲义 综合训练.docx

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2高考英语阅读翻译教学讲义综合训练

高考英语阅读---翻译教学讲义（综合训练）

2012全国IIC1

Facialexpressionscarrymeaningthatisdeterminedbysituationsandrelationships.Forexample,inAmericanculture（文化）thesmileisingeneralanexpressionofpleasure.Yetitalsohasotheruses.Awoman’ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmileshegivestoayoungchild.Asmilemayshowloveorpoliteness.Itcanalsohidetruefeelings.Itoftencausesconfusion（困惑）acrosscultures.Forexample,manypeopleinRussiaconsidersmilingatstrangersinpublictobeunusualandevenimproper.YetmanyAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangersinpublicplaces（althoughthisislesscommoninbigcities）.SomeRussiansbelievethatAmericanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon’tsmileenough.InSoutheastAsianculture,asmileisfrequentlyusedtocoverpainfulfeelings.Vietnamesepeoplemaytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile.

Ourfacesshowemotions（情感）,butweshouldnotattemptto“read”peoplefromanothercultureaswewould“read”someonefromourownculture.Thefactthatmembersofoneculturedonotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonotexperienceemotions.Rather,thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressionspermitted.Forexample,inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanesedonotshowtheiremotionsasfreelyasAmericansdo.Whenwithfriends,JapaneseandAmericansseemtoshowtheiremotionssimilarly.

ItisdifficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericansandfacialexpressivenessbecauseofpersonalandculturaldifferencesintheUnitedStates.PeoplefromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnitedStatesseemtobemorefaciallyexpressivethanothers.Thekeyistotrynottojudgepeoplewhosewaysofshowingemotionaredifferent.Ifwejudgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemaymakethemistakeof“reading”theotherpersonincorrectly.

1.WhatdoesthesmileusuallymeanintheU.S.?

A.Love.B.Politeness.C.Joy.D.Thankfulness.

2.TheauthormentionsthesmileoftheVietnamesetoprovethatsmilecan_________.

A.showfriendlinesstostrangersB.beusedtohidetruefeelings

C.beusedinthewrongplacesD.showpersonalhabits

3.Whatshouldwedobeforeattemptingto“read”people?

A.Learnabouttheirrelationswithothers.B.Understandtheirculturalbackgrounds.

C.Findoutabouttheirpastexperience.D.Figureoutwhattheywilldonext.

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetest?

A.CulturalDifferencesB.SmilesandRelationshipC.FacialExpressivenessD.HabitsandEmotions

2011山东C2

DianaJacobsthoughtherfamilyhadaworkableplantopayforcollegeforher21-year-oldtwinsons:

acombinationofsavings,income,scholarships,andamodestamountofborrowing.Thenherhusbandlosthisjob,andtheplanfellapart.

“Ihavetwokidsincollege,andIwanttosay‘comehome,’butatthesametimeIwanttoprovidethemwithagoodeducation,”saysJacobs.

TheJacobsfamilydidworkoutasolution:

Theyaskedandreceivedmoreaidfromtheschools,andeachsonincreasedhisborrowingtothemaximumamountthroughthefederalloan（贷款）program.Theywilleachgraduatewith$20,000ofdebt,butatleasttheywillbeabletofinishschool.

Withunemploymentrising,financialaidadministratorsexpecttohearfrommorefamiliesliketheJacobses.Morestudentsareapplyingforaid,andmorefamiliesexpecttoneedstudentloans.Collegeadministratorsareconcernedthattheywillnothaveenoughaidmoneytogoaround.

Atthesametime,tuition（学费）continuestorise.AreportfromtheNationalCenterforPublicPolicyandHigherEducationfoundthatcollegetuitionandfeesincreased439%from1982to2007,whileaveragefamilyincomerosejust147%.Studentborrowinghasmorethandoubledinthelastdecade.

“Ifwegoonthiswayforanother25years,wewon’thaveanaffordablesystemofhighereducation,”saysPatrickM.Callan,presidentofthecenter.“Themiddleclassfamilieshavebeenfinancingitthroughdebt.Theywillsendkidstocollegewhateverittakes,evenifthatmeansahugeamountofdebt.”

Financialaidadministratorshavebeenhavingahardtimeasmanycompaniesdecidethatstudentloansarenotprofitableenoughandhavestoppedmakingthem.Thegoodnews,however,isthatfederalloansaccountforaboutthreequartersofstudentborrowing,andthegovernmentsaysthatmoneywillflowuninterrupted.

1.AccordingtoParagraph1,whydidtheplanoftheJacobsfamilyfail?

A.Thetwinswastedtoomuchmoney.B.Thefatherwasoutofwork.

C.Theirsavingsranout.D.Thefamilyfellout.

2.HowdidtheJacobsesmanagetosolvetheirproblem?

A.Theyaskedtheirkidstocomehome.

B.Theyborrowed$20,000fromtheschools.

C.Theyencouragedtheirtwinsonstodopart-timejobs.

D.Theygothelpfromtheschoolsandthefederalgovernment.

3.Financialaidadministratorsbelievethat_________.

A.morefamilieswillfacethesameproblemastheJacobsesB.thegovernmentwillreceivemorelettersofcomplaint

C.collegetuitionfeeswilldoublesoonD.America’sunemploymentwillfall

4.Whatcanwelearnaboutthemiddleclassfamiliesfromthetext?

A.Theyblamethegovernmentforthetuitionincrease.B.theirincomeremainedsteadyinthelastdecade.

C.Theywilltrytheirbesttosendkidstocollege.D.Theirdebtswillbepaidoffwithin25years.

5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,thegovernmentwill__________.

A.providemoststudentswithscholarshipsB.dismisssomefinancialaidadministrators

C.stopthecompaniesfrommakingstudentloansD.goonprovidingfinancialsupportforcollegestudents

2013北京C3

DoesFameDriveYouCrazy?

Althoughbeingfamousmightsoundlikeadreamcometrue,today’sstar,feelinglikezooanimals,facepressuresthatfewofuscanimagine.Theyareatthecenterofmuchoftheworld’sattention.Paparazzi（狗仔队）campoutsidetheirhomes,camerasready.Tabloids（小报）publishthrillingstoriesabouttheirpersonallives.Justimaginenotbeingabletodoanythingwithoutbeingphotographedorinterruptedforasignature.

AccordingtopsychologistChristinaVillarreal,celebrities—famouspeople—worryconstantlyabouttheirpublicappearance.Eventually,theystarttolosetrackofwhotheyreallyare,seeingthemselvesthewaytheirfansimaginethem,notasthepeopletheywerebeforeeveryoneknewtheirnames.“Overtime,”Villarrealsays,“theyfeelseparatedandalone.”

Thephenomenonoftrackingcelebritieshasbeenaroundforages.Inthe4thcenturyB.C.,paintersfollowedAlexandertheGreatintobattle,hopingtopicturehisvictoriesforhisadmirers.WhenCharlesDickensvisitedAmericainthe19thcentury,hissold-outreadingsattractedthousandsoffans,leadinghimtocomplain（抱怨）abouthislackofprivacy.Tabloidsofthe1920sand1930sranarticlesaboutfilm-starsinmuchthesamewaythatmoderntabloidsandwebsitesdo.

Beingapublicfiguretoday,however,isalotmoredifficultthanitusedtobe.Superstarscannotmoveaboutwithoutworryingaboutphotographerswithmoderncameras.Whentheysaysomethingsillyordosomethingridiculous,thereisalwaystheInternettospreadthenewsinminutesandkeeptheir“story”aliveforever.

Iffameissotroublesome,whyaren’tallcelebritiesrunningawayfromit?

Theansweristherearestillwaystodealwithit.Somestarsstaycalmbysurroundingthemselveswithtrustedfriendsandfamilyorbyescapingtoremoteplacesawayfrombigcities.Theyfocusnotonhowfamoustheyarebutonwhattheylovetodoorwhatevermadethemfamousinthefirstplace.

Sometimesafewcelebritiescangetalittlejustice.Still,evenstarswhoenjoyfulljusticeoftencomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare.Theyaretiredofbeingfamousalready.

1.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatstarstoday________.

A.areoftenmisunderstoodbythepublicB.cannolongerhavetheirprivacyprotected

C.spendtoomuchontheirpublicappearanceD.carelittleabouthowtheyhavecomeintofame

2.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?

A.Greatheroesofthepastweregenerallyadmired.B.Theproblemfacedbycelebritieshasalonghistory.

C.Well-knownactorsareusuallytargetsoftabloids.D.Worksofpopularwritersoftenhavealotofreaders.

3.Whatmakesitmuchhardertobeacelebritytoday?

A.Availabilityofmodernmedia.B.Inadequatesocialrecognition.

C.Lackoffavorablechances.D.Hugepopulationoffans.

4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardmoderncelebrity?

A.Sincere.B.Skeptical.C.Disapproving.D.Sympathetic.

2013天津C4

PoetWilliamStaffordoncesaidthatwearedefinedmorebythedetours（绕行路）inlifethanbythenarrowroadtowardgoals.Ilikethisimage.ButItwasquitebyaccidentthatIdiscoveredthedeepmeaningofhiswords.

ForyearswemadethelongdrivefromourhomeinSeattletomyparents’homeinBoiseinninehours.Wetraveledthewaymostpeopledo:

thefastest,shortesteasiestroad,especiallywhenIwasalonewithfournoisy,restlesskidswhohatesconfinement（限制）andhavestrongopinionsabouteverything.

Roadtripsfeltrisky,soIwoulddrivefast,stoppingonlywhenIhadto.Wewouldsticktothefreewaysandarrivetired.

ButthenBanner,ourlambwasborn.HewasrejectedbyhismamadaysbeforeourplannedtriptoBoise.Ihadtwochoices:

leaveBannerwithmyhusband,ortakehimwithme.Myhusbandmadethedecisionforme.

ThatishowIfoundmyselfontheroadwithfourkids,ababylambandnothingbutmyeverlastingoptimismtoseemethrough.Wetookthecountryroadsoutofnecessity.Wehadtostopeveryhour,le