室内设计在增强现实环境外文翻译.docx

室内设计在增强现实环境外文翻译.docx

《室内设计在增强现实环境外文翻译.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《室内设计在增强现实环境外文翻译.docx（27页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

室内设计在增强现实环境外文翻译

室内设计在增强现实环境

InteriorDesigninAugmentedRealityEnvironment

InteriorDesigninAugmentedRealityEnvironment

VietToanPhan

DepartmentofIndustrialConstruction

HaNoiUniversityofScienceTechnology,VietNam

SeungYeonChoo

SchoolofArchitecture&CivilEngineering

KyungpookNationalUniversity

ABSTRACT

ThisarticlepresentsanapplicationofAugmentedRealitytechnologyforinteriordesign.Plus,anEducationalInteriorDesignProjectisreviewed.Alongwiththedramaticprogressofdigitaltechnology,virtualinformationtechniquesarealsorequiredforarchitecturalprojects.Thus,thenewtechnologyofAugmentedRealityoffersmanyadvantagesfordigitalarchitecturaldesignandconstructionfields.ARisalsobeingconsideredasanewdesignapproachforinteriordesign.InanARenvironment,thevirtualfurniturecanbedisplayedandmodifiedinreal-timeonthescreen,allowingtheusertohaveaninteractiveexperiencewiththevirtualfurnitureinareal-worldenvironment.Here,ARenvironmentisexploitedasthenewworkingenvironmentforarchitectsinarchitecturaldesignworks,andthentheycandotheirworkconvenientlyassuchcollaborativediscussionthroughARenvironment.Finally,thisstudyproposesanewmethodforapplyingARtechnologytointeriordesignwork,whereausercanviewvirtualfurnitureandcommunicatewith3Dvirtualfurnituredatausingadynamicandflexibleuserinterface.Plus,allthepropertiesofthevirtualfurniturecanbeadjustedusingocclusion-basedinteractionmethodforaTangible

AugmentedReality.

Keywords

AugmentedReality,TangibleAR,CAAD,ARToolKit,Interiordesign.

1.INTRODUCTION

Visualizinghowaparticulartableorchairwilllookinaroombeforeitisdecoratedisadifficultchallengeforanyone.Hence,AugmentedReality（AR）technologyhasbeenproposedforinteriordesignapplicationsbyfewpreviousauthors,forexample,

Koller,C.Wooward,A.Petrovski;K.Hirokazu,etal.TherelateddevicestypicallyincludedataglassesconnectedtoaportablePC（Head-mounteddisplay-HMD）.Plus,variouslightweightsolutionsusingaPDAdevicehasbeenproposedbytheAugmentedRealityTeaminFindland（S.SitanenandC.Woodward,2003）.However,thesedevicesarerightnotcommonlyavailablefornon-professionalusers.

Accordingly,thispaperpresentsanaugmentedrealitysystemfordesigning/educating/presentinginteriordesignprojectsusingoverlaidvirtualfurnitureinaphysicalenvironmentbasedonaregularPChomesystem.Trackingmarkersareplacedonthefloorsorwallstodefinethescaleandcoordinatesystemoftheroom.Next,theuserselectsvirtualfurnitureonthescreenandplacesitinthedesignspace.IntheARscene,the3Dvirtualfurnitureisintegratedintoarealenvironmentandcanbearrangedalongsiderealfurniture.Experimentsareimplementedusingbasichomecomputerequipment,includingaPC,HMD（orwebcamera）,andprinter.Asaresult,itishopedthattheproposedsystemwillallowabroadrangeofusers.

Whilesomesimilarsystemshavealreadybeenpresentedbyanotherresearchgroup,thesystemproposedinthispaperincludesadditionalfunctionsfortheuserinterfaceandanimprovedimplementation.Forexample,theusercaninteractwithvirtualfurnitureusingaTangibleAugmentedRealityinrealtime,andchangethecolor,style,orcoveringoffurnitureinarealenvironment.Therefore,thisallowscomplexandvarieddesignstobeexploredandvisualized,makingARtechnologyforinteriordesignaccessibletobothprofessionalsandamateurs.

2.AUGMENTEDREALITY-NEWRESEARCHAPPROACHFORARCHITECTURE

2.1AugmentedRealitytechnology

AugmentedReality（AR）isanewtechnologythatinvolvestheoverlayofcomputergraphicsontherealworld.Asaresult,theusercanseetherealworldaugmentedwithvirtualobjectsandcaninteractwiththem.Withinamoregeneralcontext,ARisalsotermedMixedReality（MR）,referringtoamulti-axisspectrumofareasthatcoverVirtualReality（VR）,AugmentedReality（AR）,telepresence,andotherrelatedtechnology[1]（Figure1）.

Figure1.PaulMilgram’sReality-Virtualcontinuum.

AugmentedRealitysystemscombinedigitalinformationandtherealworldinawaythattheuserexperiencesthemasone.AparticularlyimportantpropertyofARislocatingvirtualobjectsintherightplaceandposition,whichmakestheTrackingSystemoneofthemostimportantcomponentsofanARsystem.Essentially,anARsystemmustbeabletofollowtheuser’spointofviewdynamicallyandkeepvirtualobjectsalignedwithrealworldobjects.ThebasiccomponentsofanARsystemareadisplay,cameraforgraphiccaptures,andcomputerinstalledapplicationsoftware,plusvariousdifferentkindsofhardwarecanInternationalJournalofComputerApplications（0975–8887）Volume5–No.5,August2010beused,forexample,cameraphones,PDAs,lap-tops,HMDs,andwearablecomputersystems.

Typically,anARToolKitlibraryisusedtodeterminetherelationbetweentherealandvirtualworld.TheARToolKitusesacomputervisiontechniquetodefinethepositionandorientationoftherealcameraviewpointrelativetoarealworldmarker.Next,theARToolKitdefinesandcalculatesthepositionofthevirtualcoordinates.Basedonaconcurrenceofvirtualandrealcameracoordinates,thecomputergraphicsarethendrawnasanoverlayonafiducialmarkerscard.Asaresult,theuserexperiencesavideosee-throughaugmentedrealityonthePCscreenormorelivelyimpressionbyHMDs（Kato,H.2001andHITLabWashingtonUniversity）.

AlthoughAugmentedRealityhasonlybeenstudiedforonedecade,thegrowthandprogressinthepastfewyearshavebeenremarkable.Assuch,ARtechnologyhasmanypossibleapplicationsacrossawiderangeoffields,includingentertainment,education,medicine,militarytraining,engineering,andmanufacturing[2]（Figure2;3）.

Figure2.ARapplicationinentertainmentandmedicalfields.

Figure3.ARapplicationinmilitaryandmanufactureengineeringfields.

Itisalsoexpectedthatotherpotentialareasforapplicationwillstillappearwiththedisseminationofthistechnology.Duringtheearlystages,themainfocusofARdevelopmentwasrelatedtohardwaretechnologyratherthanusability.However,therapiddevelopmentofmobile（handheld）withbetterprocessingcapacitiesandlong-lastingbatterieshasraisedtheissueoflightweightmobileARsystems.Thus,mobileARdevicesarenowoneofthemostpromisingemergingtechnologies.Similarly,theproposedsystemwasalsodesignedtoappealtoabroaderrangeofusersbasedontheuseofaregularPCandHMD.

2.2AugmentedRealityinarchitecturefield

Recently,ARtechnologyisalsobeingconsideredasanewdesignapproachforarchitecture.Asaresult,alotofARexperimentsandresearchhavebeendirectedtowardthearchitecturaldesignprocess.Forexample,Figure4Leftshowsafull-size3Dvirtualhouseinareallifeenvironment,wherethehandheldARdeviceallowstheusertowalkaroundandthroughit[3]（AugmentedTeam-Finland2003）.Meanwhile,Figure4-RightshowsanotherimplementationofARinarchaeologyandtouringguide,wheretheuserisshownthevirtualheritagebuildingsraisedupfromruinsonhistoricalsite.

Figure4.Left:

VirtualbuildinginPDA.Right:

VirtualHeratempleinhistorical.

Inthecaseofarchitecture,theaboveapplicationscanbeeffectiveforbothdesigningandteaching.However,agrowingnumberofnewapplicationsofARtechnologyareexpectedinthefieldofarchitecture.

3.INTERIORDESIGNINDIGITALENVIRONMENT

3.1Propertiesofinteriordesign

Inthecaseofinteriordesign,thedesigneressentiallyappliesthethreebasicprinciplesofinteriordesign:

color,scale,andproportionwithinapredeterminedspace.Thus,theproposedARsystemisfocusedongivingtheusertheflexibilitytodesignusingthesethreebasicprinciples.Therefore,intheproposedARenvironment,theuserisabletoadjustthepropertiesofvirtualfurnitureandcreatedifferentarrangementsinarealenvironment.

3.2Systemdesign

Forimplementation,twoseparatemodulesweredeveloped:

oneforcreatingandmanagingthe3Ddatabase,andtheotherfordisplaying,asshowinbelowfigure（Figure5）.

First,CADapplicationsextractinformationfromadrawingandlinkittoadatabase.Forthegivenspace,geometricalinformationisthenextractedfromathree-dimensionaldatabaseoffurniture.Afterloadingthegeometries,thepositionanddirectionoftheviewsfortheuserarecalculatedbasedondatamarkertracking.Simultaneously,thelocation-anddirection-basedgeometrydataaretransformedusingtransformationmatricestoproduceimagesthatalignbesideotherobjectsintherealview.Assuch,thepositiontrackerandorientationtrackerareimportantelementsofARsystemsandthedevelopmentARtechnology.Figure6summariesthetrackinganddisplayprocess.InternationalJournalofComputerApplications（0975–8887）Volume5–No.5,August2010

Figure5.Systemdiagram.

ThepropertiesofthefurnituregraphicsaresavedinadatabasegeneratedbyaCADapplication,e.g.3DSMaxsoftware,whileOpenGLrendersthefinalgraphics.Plus,anARToolKitsoftwarelibraryisusedtocalculatethe3Dpositionsandorientationsofthevirtualfurniture.

Figure6.ARtracking&displayprocess:

thecomputergeneratedgraphicsareintegratedintouser’sview.

3.3Software

CADapplicationshandlethemanagementofthebuildinggeometrydataandlinkittoadatabase.Next,theARsoftwareretrievesanddisplaysthepositionandorientationdatainthedefinedenvironment.

The3DSMaxorotherBuildingInformationModelling（BIM）applications（e.g.ArchiCAD,Revitetc.）areusedasthebasic