人教版八年级英语上册笔记原创版.docx

人教版八年级英语上册笔记原创版.docx

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人教版八年级英语上册笔记原创版

八年级英语上册笔记

not不（副词，后接动词、形容词、副词）

no不,没有（形容词，作定语，后接可数名词、不可数名词）（=nota/an/any）Ihavenofriends◇Noonecandoit.

不许，不可（省略句中）Nosmoking！

禁止吸烟◇Nophotos!

禁止拍照

Hereare…倒装句式

①主语为代词，全句半倒装结构Hereyouare给你◇Herehecomes他来了

②主语为名词，全句全倒装结构Hereareyourbooks.◇Herecomesthebus.

result结果，成绩（可数名词）getgoodresults取得好成绩◇listentotheresults听结果

theresultsof…结果

asfor至于，就…而言AsforEnglish,Ilikeitverymuch.

Weallcome,butasforhim,hedidn’tcome.

about①大约Sheisabouttwentyyearsold.

②在…周围Ilostmypenabouttheclassroom.

③关于，对于TheyaretalkingaboutaTVplay.

注意on“关于”，用于表示严肃或学术性场合，供专门研究用aspeechonAfricahistory

most①多数的，大部分的Mostpeoplethinkso.

②最大的，最多的Whogotthemosthelp?

③大多数，大部分，大多数人（代词）

mostofthe+复数名词Mostofthestudentsliketravelling.

mostof+物主代词+名词Hespendsmostofhistimetravelling.

mostof+宾格代词Mostofusliketravelling.

④非常，很（副词）=veryIt’samostinterestingbook.

一般现在时

①经常发生频率副词always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday,everyweek等

②客观真理

③心理状态和感觉动词无进行时be,love,like,hate,want,hope,need,prefer,wish,know,understand,

remember,feel,believe,guess,think,look,see,hear,find,have,sound,taste等

drink喝（tea,water,milk,cola,beer,wine液体类）

eat吃（fruit,vegetables,rice,fish,meet固体类）eat/havesoup喝汤takemedicine喝药

have吃，喝（三餐breakfast,lunch,supper,dinner）

howlong多久/多长（for/about+一段时间◇…meterslong）

howoften多久一次（often,twiceaweek）

howsoon多快/过多久（in+一段时间）

howfar多远（tenminutes’walk）

howmany多少（数词+可数名词复数）

howmuch多少（钱）（数词+量词+不可数名词/数词+钱）

goshopping去购物◇goskating去滑冰◇gofishing去钓鱼◇goboating去划船

gosightseeing去观光◇dosomereading阅读◇dosomewashing洗涮◇dosomecooking做饭

dosomeswimming游泳◇dosomespeaking说话◇dosomelistening多听

Sayingathingisverydifferentfromdoingit.

What’sthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?

kindof稍微，有点儿I’mkindoftired我有点累

akindof一种

allkindsof各种各样的

different/manykindsof不同种/许多种类

It’sverykindofyoutodothat

maybe大概，或许（副词）=perhapsMaybeyouareright.

maybe（情态动词+be）Youmayberight.

wantsth想要什么

wanttodosth想要做什么=feellikedoing=wouldliketodosth

wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事

注意want侧重主观，need侧重客观需要sthwant/needdoing主动表被动

Theflowerswant/needwatering.=Theflowerswant/needtobewatered.

begoodfor对…有益

begoodto对…好

begoodat擅自…

begoodwith和…相处得好

health健康（n）Theoldmanisingoodhealth.◇keepingoodhealth

healthy健康的（adj）Mygrandmaisveryhealthy.◇keephealthy◇stayhealthy

pretty很，相当（adv）Themanisprettyold.◇Thebookisprettyexpensive.

pretty漂亮的，秀丽的（adj）Whataprettygirl!

eatinghabits饮食习惯◇sleepingpill安眠药◇drinkingwater饮用水

Itisagoodhabittodosth做什么是一个好习惯

fall/getintothehabitof沾染…习惯

formthehabitof养成…习惯

outofhabit出于习惯

try（not）todosth努力（不）做某事Itrytoanswerthequestion.

trydoingsth尝试做某事Hetriedswimmingacrosstheriver.

tryout试验CanItryoutyournewbicycle?

tryon试穿Thedressisverynice.CanItryiton?

tryone’sbesttodosth尽最大努力去做某事WeshouldtryourbesttostudyEnglishwell.

haveatry尝试一下

lookafter照看

lookat=havealookat

lookover检查

lookup（在字典中）查找

lookforwardto期待，盼望

lookaround/about环顾

too肯定句，句中前后用逗，句末前用逗号Hehasaknife.Ihaveaknife,too.

also肯定句，实义动词前，系助动词后Sandywasalsoattheparty.

either否定句，句末前用逗号Hewon’tgo,either.

helpsbtodosth

helpsbdosth

helpsbwithsth

withone’shelp=withthehelpof

helponeselfto请随便吃些

can’thelpdoingsth禁不住，情不自禁

although虽然，尽管（从属连词）=though不能与but（并列连词）同时使用，但可与still,yet同时连用

Althoughheisold,heisstillhealthy.=Heisold,butheisstillhealthy.

注意：

because与so不能连用。

BecauseA句，B句=A句，soB句

keepdoingsth持续做某事（不间断）

keepondoingsth反复做某事（短暂间断）

keepsb/sth+adj.使某人保持某种状态

keepsb/sthfromdoingsth阻止，保护…不受（from）

keepupwith赶上◇keepashop开商店◇keepintouchwith与某保持联系◇keepaneyeon照看

must必须，应当（否定needn’t或don’thaveto不必）MustIstayhere?

—No.Youneedn’t/don’thaveto.

mustn’t禁止Youmustn’tdrivesofast.不许开车开得这么快。

must必定会,很可能Thisdishmustbedelicious.这道菜肯定好吃

What’swrongwithyou?

What’sthematter/troublewithyou?

What’syourtrouble?

What’sup?

Unit2What’sthematter?

haveabackache背痛=haveasoreback

Mylegshurts.

Myeyesache.

Ihaveapaininthearm.

givesbadviceonsth给某人提有关某某建议

takeone’sadvice听从某人的建议

advisesb（not）todosth建议某人（不）做某事

problem难以解决难题或问题，与solve、settle搭配

question要口头回答的问题，与ask、answer搭配

trouble麻烦事，忧虑，与have、make搭配

feel/be/gettired感到疲劳

be/feeltiredof对…感到厌倦

be/feeltiredwith因…劳累

believesb相信某人（的话）

believeinsb信任某人

lie躺；位于—lay—lain—lying

lie说谎—lied—lied—lying

getback=beback=comeback=return

Ithinkso.我认为是这样

Idon’tthinkso.我认为不是这样

类似词：

believe,suppose,hope,say等

hopeso

hopetodosth

hopethat从句（很可能实现的愿望）

hopeforsth

wishsbtodosth

wishsbsth

wishtodo

wishthat从句（不太可能实现的愿望）

seethedoctor==gotothedoctor’s

forexample举例说明（只举一个）Heboughtalotofschoolthings,forexample,notebooks.

suchas列举同类中的几个例子=like

Heknowsseverallanguages,suchasEnglish,FrenchandRussian.

Itis+adj+for+sb+todosth形容词表事情性质、特征：

improtant,easy,difficult,hard,necessary等

Itis+adj+of+sb+todosth形容词表人的品质、特质：

kind,wise,clever,good,right,foolish等

atthemoment=now目前forthemoment暂时atthatmoment在那时

atthelastmoment在最后关头amomentago刚才

justamoment稍等一下foramoment一会儿

How/Whatabout（prep）+sb/sth/doingsth?

怎么样；对于…怎么样

How/Whataboutyou,Tony?

How/Whataboutyourexamlastweek,Kate?

How/Whataboutsittinginthegarden?

Howlong多长时间持续性谓语动词live,stay,study,work,play,等；for+一段时间

Howlong多长Howlongistheriver?

haveagood/rice/great/wonderfultime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩得高兴

haveagoodtime/havefun（in）doingsth=enjoydoingsth很高兴做某事

send,give,show,bring,teach,tell+sb+sth=V+sthtosb

buy,sing,make,cook,get+sbforsb

Myfatherboughtacomputerforme.

Pleasesendittohim.

everybody/everyone每个人（谓语用单数，后不能接of）Everybody/everyonelikeschildren.

everyone每个人，每件物（后能接of）Everyoneofuslovesthechildren.

getstressedout变得紧张，有压力的under…stress在压力之下

besorrytodosth对做…感到遗憾

besorryforsb对某人感到遗憾

besorryaboutsth对某事感到遗憾

keepbalance保持平衡

ablanceddiet饮食平衡

abalanceof…的平衡

be+V-ing进行时表预计将来要做的事情，跟将来时间

HeisleavingBeijingtomorrow.他明天离开北京

summervacation/holiday暑假wintervacation/holiday寒假

takeaholiday/vacation度假

forvacation度假（表目的）onvacation度假（表行为进行）

holiday休息日，假日=vacation

festival（民俗、宗教或喜庆）日或（音乐、戏剧、电影等）会演节日，前常用冠词

afilmfestivaltheSpringFestival

day传统节日或法定节日Teachers’Day

Unit3Whatareyoudoingforvacation?

gocamping去野营◇gohiking去徒步远足◇goboating去划船

dosomewashing洗衣服◇dosomecooking煮饭◇dosomeshopping买东西

dosomecleaning大扫除◇dosomelistening/reading/writing/speaking多听/读/写/说

live长时间居住

stay短暂停留HelivesinWuhanbutnowhestaysinBeijing.

goaway离开=beaway=getaway

takeaway拿走

runaway跑开

sendsth发送某物

sendsbsth=sendsthtosb把某物寄给某人

sendsbtodosth派某人做某事

sendback送回，退回

sendforsb派人去请某人

sendup发射，使价格上升

年月周前要用in,星期几号则用on；泛指上午下午需用in,具体日子则用on；午夜黄昏黎明用at

makeaplan制订计划

workoutaplan拟订计划

plantodosth打算做某事

planfor为作计划

planon（doing）sth指望，打算

befamousfor+著名的原因（特产）ChinaisveryfamousfortheGreatWall.

YaoMingisfamousforplayingbasketball.

befamousas以（身份、职业、产地、地方）而著名YaoMingisfamousasabasketballplayer.

spend+时间/金钱+（in）doingsth花费时间/金钱做某事

spend+时间/金钱+onsth

leavesth地方遗忘某物在某地

forgetsth忘带东西

thinkabout从各方面思考

thinkof想起，考虑

thinkover仔细考虑

thinkout想出

decidesth

decidetodosth

decideondoingsth决定做某事

decidethat从句

V+V-ing作宾语

finishdoingsth完成做某事practisedoingwith练习做某事enjoydoingsth喜欢做某事

minddoingsth介意做某事keepdoingsth保持做某事

forgettodosth忘记要做某事Don’tforgettoturnoffthelightwhenyouleave.

forgetdoingsth忘记做了某事HeforgotgoingtoShanghaiwithhisparentswhenhewasfive.

forgetoneself忘我，奋不顾身

Forgetit别提它了，别在意

forgetful健忘的

rentsthfromsb从某人处租用某物

rentsthtosb把某物租给某人

asksbsth问某人某事

asksb（not）todosth问某人某事

askforsth请求某事；要某物

asksbforsth向某人要某物

gettoget

arriveinWuhan（名词）arrivehome,here,there（地点副词）

reachreach

Unit4Howdoyougettoschool?

takethebus=bybusbysea=byship乘船

takeataxi乘出租车byrail=bytrain乘火车

takethesubway乘地铁onfoot步行

taketheplane=byplane=byair乘飞机

gotoschoolona/thebus（大型交通工具）

gotoschoolina/thecar（小型交通工具）

sbspend+时间/金钱+onsth/（in）doingsthIspent3hoursonmyhomeworkyesterday.

Ittakessb+时间+todosthIttookmefourhourstogotoWuhanbybus.

sbpay+金钱+forsthIpaidfiveyuanformyEnglishbook.

sthcostsb+金钱MyEnglishbookcostmefiveyuan.

frommorningtoevening从早到晚

fromdoortodoor挨家挨户

frombeginningtoend自始至终

fromtimetotime时不时

havebreakfast/lunch/supper/dinner

haveaquick/light/deliciousbreakfast吃了一顿快速/简便/丰盛的早餐

quick动作突然迅速、敏捷，强调动作、反应快aquickworker◇aquickmind◇aquickanswer

fast速度快afastsleep很快入睡afasttrain/plance快速火车/飞机

soon不久，强调时间短，用于将来时

dependon/upon取决于；依靠…而定Itdependsontheweather.beillinhospital生病住院

asmallnumberof少量的

anumberof许多的

alarge/geatnumberof大量的

ride乘车rideahorse骑马rideabicycle骑自行车rideamotorcycle

drive驾驶车辆driveacar开车drivesheep赶羊

stop（市区沿途停靠的）小站

station（停、转车辆的）车站；局，所

stoptodosth停下来去做某事

stopdoingsth停止正在做的某事

partof部分

alargepartof大部分

Notall/everyone/both=…all/everyone/both/always…not（部分否定）并不是所有

Notalltheanswersareright=Alltheanswersaren’tright.

speakto/withsb对/同某人说话（能力）speakChinese讲中文

saytosbsth（强调说话内容）

talkto/withsb（强调动作）talkaboutsb/sth谈论某人/某事

tellsbsth（双宾）tellastory/lie讲故事tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事tellAfromB区分

Unit5Canyoucometomyparty?

bedifferentfrom与不同Bananasaredifferentfromoranges.

find/knowthedifference找到不同点

makea/thedifference有影响；起重要作用

makenodifferenc