人教版届高考英语一轮复习练习 选修8 5 Unit 5 知能演练轻松闯关 含答案.docx

人教版届高考英语一轮复习练习 选修8 5 Unit 5 知能演练轻松闯关 含答案.docx

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人教版届高考英语一轮复习练习选修85Unit5知能演练轻松闯关含答案

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A

（2018·长郡中学新高三实验班选拔考试）Whilebeachvacationsmaybeagreatwaytotakeyourmindoffwork，lakessurroundedbymountainsmakeforanevengranderexperience.Ifyouarelookingforpeaceonyourvacation，wehavesomerecommendationsforyouintheCaucasus（高加索）．

LakeSevan

LakeSevanissituatedinthecentralpartofArmenia，intheGegharkunikProvince.ItisthelargestlakeinArmenia，located6，234ftabovesealevel.Alongthelakeshore，therearevariousaccommodationssuchasresortsandhotelswithplentyofactivitiestopartakesuchaswindsurfing，swimmingandsunbathing.Whilethere，donotforgettovisitoneofthefamousculturalmonuments，theSevanavankmonastery，anditoffersagreatviewofthelakeaswell.

ParavaniLake

ParavaniLake，located6，801ftabovesealevel，isinthesouthofGeorgia，neartheJavakhetiPlateau.Atthislevel，altitudesicknesscanoccuranditisagoodideatobepreparedtoadapttoitproperly，orbringmedicationforaltitudesickness.Beingavolcaniclakemakesforamoreinterestingexperience.Thelakeisbestknownforfishing.Donotcomehomeduringthewintermonthswhenthelakefreezes.

LakeCildir

LakeCildirislocatedintheArdahanProvince，eastTurkey，neartheborderswithGeorgiaandArmenia.ItisalargefreshwaterlakeofeasternTurkey，andmanytouristsarenotawareofthisbeautifulattraction.LakeCildirissurroundedbymountainsoftheCaucasus.ThelakefreezesduringlateNovember.Ifthewinterisnotextremelycold，youcantrysomelakeactivitieslikeiceskatingandicefishing.

LakeVan

LakeVanisthemustvisitofalllakesinthislist，thelargestlakeinTurkey.LakeVanislocatedontheeasternshoreofTurkeyandisalsothemostaccessiblelakethere.It’ssituated5，380ftabovesealevel，anduniquetomanylakesaroundtheworld，thewaterishighinsaltcontent.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇应用文.文章主要介绍了供人们度假的好去处——高加索地区的一些湖泊.

1．Ifyouwanttovisitsomehistoricsitesduringyourtravelbyalake，youcangoto________．

A．LakeCildir　　　　　　B．ParavaniLake

C．LakeSevanD．LakeVan

C　解析：

细节理解题.根据第二段中的“donotforgettovisitoneofthefamousculturalmonuments，theSevanavankmonastery”可知，度假期间如果你想参观历史性建筑可以到LakeSevan.故选C.

2．WhatisspecialaboutLakeVan?

A．Itswaterishighinsalt.

B．Itisavolcaniclake.

C．Itisgloballythelargestlake.

D．Itissurroundedbymountains.

A　解析：

细节理解题.根据第五段中的“anduniquetomanylakesaroundtheworld，thewaterishighinsaltcontent”可知，LakeVan的特色是湖水的盐度高.故选A.

3．WhatchallengearetravelersmostlikelytofacewhilevisitingParavaniLake?

A．Lackofmedicine.

B．Volcanoeruptions.

C．Altitudesickness.

D．Lowtemperaturealltheyear.

C　解析：

细节理解题.根据第三段中的“Atthislevel，altitudesicknesscanoccuranditisagoodideatobepreparedtoadapttoitproperly，orbringmedicationforaltitudesickness.”可知，在游览ParavaniLake时，游客们最有可能面临的挑战就是高原反应.故选C.

B

（2018·陕西部分学校第一学期摸底检测）Iusedtobelievecourtesywasathingofthepast.VeryseldomhaveIencounteredacourteoushumanbeinginthismodernera.

Recently,Ihadtochangemythinking,whenIcamefacetofacewithjustsuchahumanbeinginacoffeeplace,withmytwodaughters.Theplacewascrowdedasusualandwehadtoclimbsteep（陡的）stairsinordertofindanemptytable.Afterenjoyingcoffeeandsnacks,wewentdownthenarrowstairs,wheretherewashardlyanyspaceforanotherpersontoeitherclimbuporcomedown.

JustasIwasinthemiddleofthestairs,amanenteredthemainentranceoftherestaurantwhichwasrightinfrontofthestaircase（楼梯）.IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismangoingup.IkeptcomingdownasfastasIcould.Mydaughterswerealreadydown,lookingupatmeworriedly,hopingIwouldreachthembeforethestrangerstartedwalkingupthestairs,knowingIwasanervoussort.

Nearlyreachingthem,Inoticedthemanstillstandingnearthedoor.Ireachedmydaughtersandpassedthestrangerattheentrancedoorwhichhekeptholdingopen.Ilookedback,thinkinghewasstillatthedoor,decidingwhethertogoinorfindanotherlesscrowdedplace.Isawhimgoingupthestairs,twoatatime.Itoldmydaughtersaboutitandallthreeofusfeltbadthatwedidnoteventhankthecourteousgentlemanwhowasactuallyholdingthedooropenforusladiestopassthroughbeforegoingup.

Suchwellmanneredpeoplearehardtofindthesedayswhenpushingisverycommoninouradvancedbutaggressivesociety.Weapplaudedforhischivalry（彬彬有礼）．

【解题导语】　在这个忙碌的现代社会，彬彬有礼、体贴他人的品质变得尤为珍贵.作者讲述了自己经历的一件事情，并赞扬了这种良好的品质.

4．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedword“courtesy”inParagraph1?

A．Abraveaction.B．Sacrificespirit.

C．Aconsiderateaction.D．Selfishbehavior.

C　解析：

词义猜测题.根据下文故事中的男人为作者让路并且开门可推测出，这是一种体贴的行为，故选C项.A项意为“勇敢的行为”；B项意为“牺牲精神”；D项意为“自私的行为”.

5．Whatdidtheauthorthinkofthemanatthefirstsightofhim?

A．Hewasinahurry.

B．Hewouldwaitforher.

C．Hewouldpassherrudely.

D．Hewasamanwithgoodmanners.

C　解析：

细节理解题.根据第三段中的“IwassureIwouldbepushedroughlybythismangoingup.”可知，作者本认为这个男人会粗鲁地挤开她上楼梯，故选C项.

6．Whydidtheauthor’sdaughtersworryabouther?

A．Shewaseasytobenervous.

B．Shetookuptoomuchspace.

C．Shewastoooldtowalkfast.

D．Shefocusedtoomuchontheman.

A　解析：

细节理解题.根据第三段中的“knowingIwasanervoussort”可知，作者是一个很容易紧张的人，故选A项.

7．WhatcanwelearnaboutthemanfromParagraph4?

A．Hemightbeawaiterofthecafé.

B．Hemighthaveanurgentbusinesstodo.

C．Helovedadaughteroftheauthor.

D．Hewouldholdthedooropenforall.

B　解析：

推理判断题.根据第四段中的“Isawhimgoingupthestairs,twoatatime.”以及下文谈到她们都来不及对这个男人说一声谢谢可推知，那个男人上楼梯，一次上两级台阶，应该是有急事要做，故选B项.

C

（2018·湖南部分重点中学考前演练）It’swellknowntocardriversthatredmeans“stop”，greenmeans“go”，andyellowmeans“hurryupandmakethatdamnlight”．Whythosecolors,though?

Theanswerliesinthefactthattheearliesttrafficsignalsweredesignedfortrains,notcars.Theywereredandgreen,gaspowered,andmorethanalittledangerousintheeventofaleak.

Redisaninherited（继承的）symbolfromrailroads,whichsymbolizesdangerinmanycultures.Asredhasalongerwavelengththananyothercoloronthevisiblespectrum（光谱）,itcanbeseenfromagreaterdistancethanothercolors.Redhasmeant“stop”sincelongbeforecarsexisted,withtrainsignals’useofreddatingbacktothedayswhenmechanicalarmsliftedandloweredtoindicatewhethertherailaheadwasclear.

Green’swavelengthisnextto（andshorterthan）yellow’sonthevisiblespectrum,meaningit’sstilleasiertoseethananycolorotherthanredandyellow.Backintheearlydaysofrailwaylights,greenmeant“caution”，whilethe“allclear”lightwas,well,clearorwhite.Itissaidthatseveraldisastrouscollisionshappenedafteranengineermistookstarsinthenightforanallclear.Thus,greenbecame“go”，andforalongtime,railwaysusedonlygreenandredtosignaltrains.

Fromtheearliestdaysofmotoringupuntilthemid1900s，notallstopsignswerered—manywereyellow,becauseatnightitwasallbutimpossibletoseearedstopsigninapoorlylitarea.In1915theyellowstopsigncrazebeganinDetroit,acitythatfiveyearslaterinstalleditsfirstelectrictrafficsignal,whichhappenedtoincludetheveryfirstyellowtrafficlight.

Butwhatofthosemysteriousyellowstopsigns?

Asmaterialsandtechnologiesevolved,theabilitytoproducehighlyreflectivesignsmeantthatredcouldresumeitsnaturalspotinthesignhierarchy,leavingthestillhighlyvisibleyellowtothedomain（领域）of“caution”．That’swhyschoolzonesandbuses,crosswalks,andotherimportantwarningsareyellowtoday.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文.我们都知道“红灯停，绿灯行，黄灯亮了快点走”的交通规则，但交通信号灯为什么是红、黄、绿三种颜色呢？

本文主要介绍了交通信号灯的起源和发展.

8．Whatweretrafficlightsoriginallyintendedfor?

A．Trains.B．Cars.

C．Planes.D．Ships.

A　解析：

细节理解题.根据第一段中的“Theanswerliesinthefactthattheearliesttrafficsignalsweredesignedfortrains，notcars.”可知，最初，交通信号灯是为火车而不是汽车的通行而设计的.故选A.

9．What’sthemainreasonforred’slongbeingusedtomean“stop”？

A．Itcanbeseenevenindarkareas.

B．Itrepresentsdangerinmanycultures.

C．Ithasthelongestwavelength.

D．Peoplepreferredtoothercolors.

C　解析：

细节理解题.根据第二段中的“Asredhasalongerwavelengththananyothercoloronthevisiblespectrum（光谱），itcanbeseenfromagreaterdistancethanothercolors.”可知，由于红色在可见光谱中波长最长，因此可视距离要比其他颜色更远，这也是其能长期被用作表示“停止”的交通信号的原因.故选C.

10．Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?

A．Themeaningofredisculturespecific.

B．Yellowfunctionedasstopsignsinthe1900s.

C．Green’swavelengthisjustsecondtothatofred.

D．Green’sroleinlightshaschangedovertime.

D　解析：

推理判断题.根据第三段中的内容尤其是“greenmeant‘caution’”“greenbecame‘go’”可知，随着时间的变化，绿色在交通信号灯中所扮演的角色也发生了巨大的变化.故选D.

11．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A．Thesignificanceofroadtrafficsigns.

B．Thehistoryofrailroadtransportation.

C．Thesymbolicmeaningofdifferentcolors.

D．Theoriginanddevelopmentoftrafficlights.

D　解析：

主旨大意题.通读全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了交通信号灯的起源与发展，并解释了这三种颜色（红、黄、绿）的物理性质及为什么会被用作交通信号灯.故D项最为全面地概括了文章的主要内容.

D

（2018·哈师大附中高三检测）Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolate,youknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.Youcanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfood.Youmaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgood.Youmaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlook,smellortasteverynice.Differentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfood.Afewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenses,whilemostanimalsusemorethanonesense.

Althoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffood,someanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetype.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.Otheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhe