新概念英语第三册新东方学习笔记及课后答案详解.doc
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Lesson01APumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮
Newwordsandexpression生词和短语
学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的,要把单词放在语句中体会其应用
学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里
puman.美洲狮
spotv.看出,发现?
?
=see,pickout,recognize,catchsightof强调结果,辨别出,看见,识别,发现
--Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.
--Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.
同意词:
--find:
强调发现的结果/find?
out:
查出事实真相
--discover:
做出重大发现/notice:
注意到
--observe:
观察/watch:
观察活动中的人或画面
Spotn.斑点
--Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.
onthespot有两个含义:
1>立刻,马上(at?
once,immediately)
--Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.
2>at?
the?
place?
of?
the?
action在现场
--Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.
Evidencen.证据(不可数名词)
Evidentadj.明显的,显然的/evidentlyadv.明显地,显然
Evidence=proof(n.证据)
--Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.
in?
evidence显而易见的
--Hewasinevidenceattheparty.
Accumulatev.积累,积聚(强调积累的过程)
--Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.
Gathervt.聚集,把某人召集在某处
--Theteachergatheredhisstudentsintheclass
Collectvt.搜集,采集
--Doyoucollectstamps?
Yes,Icollectstampsasmyhobby.(n.业余爱好)
Assemblev.集合,集会/装配
--Alargenumberofpeopleassembleonthesquare.
Hoardvt.大量的储存(--hoard?
up=store?
up储藏)
--Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter(squirreln.松鼠)(nutn.坚果)
amassvt.积聚(主要用于诗歌和文学作品)
--Thecloudsamassedabovethehills
Obligev.使…感到必须
feel?
obliged?
to?
do?
sth感觉有必要做某事
--Ifeelobligedtosaynotohisdemand(n.要求,需要)
be?
obliged?
to?
do?
sth被迫做某事
--Theywereobligedtoselltheircartopaytheirdebtsoff.(debtn.债务)
huntv.n.追猎,寻找(huntfor)
--TheexpertsfromLondonzoobegantohunt(v.)forapuma.
--Thehunt(n.)forthepumaprovedthedifficult.(provevt.证明,证实)
search搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物
--Thepoliceweresearchingtheforestforthemissingboy.
run?
after强调追赶,追求
--look,adogisrunningafteracat
--whatareyourunafterinyourlife
seek=pursue?
v.追寻(理想)
chasev.追赶(--Theyarechasingathief/Theyarerunningafterathief)
blackberryn.黑莓/berryn.浆果
human?
being人类
cornerv.使走投无路,使陷入困境
作为动词,经常使用被动语态
--Thethiefwascorneredatlast
--Theproblemcorneredme.
cornern.角落
--atthecornerofthestreet
--inthecorneroftheroom
--onthecornerofthedesk
Trailn.一串,一系列
trailvt.跟踪,追踪(=follow)
--Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding(criminaln.罪犯)
Printn.印痕
Clingv.粘(clung,clung,clinging)
--Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.
--Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.他怀有成功的希望
stick?
v.粘住(--sticktheenvelop)n.信封
stick?
to?
坚持(--sticktotheplan/sticktoone’spromise)n.许诺
sticky?
adj.粘的(--stickyfingers)
convincev.使…信服
1>convincesbofsth
--Iconvincehimofmyhonesty.(n.诚实,正直)我使他相信我的诚实。
2>be?
convincedthat…
--Iamconvincedthatsheishonestgirl.(adj.诚实的,正直的)
somehowadv.不知怎么搞地,不知什么原因
=bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknown
--I’llgetthebookbacksomehow.无论如何我要把这本书取回来。
--Igotlostsomehow不知怎么搞地,我迷失了。
Somewhatadv.稍微,有点,有些(=alittle)
--ThepriceissomewhathigherthanIexpect.(highadj.高的)
disturbv.令人不安
disturbingadj.令人不安的/disturbedadj.感到不安的
surprisingadj.令人惊讶的/surprisedadj.感到惊讶的
excitingadj.令人激动的/excitedadj.感到激动的
wildadj.野性的,野生的
investigatev.调查,研究
de脚本ionn.描写,描述
extraordinarilyadv.特别地,非常地,格外
similaradj.相似的,类似的
attackvt.攻击
difficultadj.困难的,艰难的difficultyn.困难,难点
rabbitn.兔,野兔
pawn.手掌,手爪
furn.毛皮,毛,软毛
bushn.矮树丛
fullyadv.充分地,完全地
collectorn.收藏家,征收者
Text课文
at?
large逃遁的,没有被控制的
--Thethiefisstillatlarge
atlarge详细地(=in?
detail)n.细节,详情
--Ineedtalktoyouatlarge
atlarge总体来讲(=as?
a?
whole)
--ThestudentsatlargearehungryforEnglish.(hungryadj.饥饿的,渴望的)
Wheremustthepumahavecomefrom?
Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.
在英文的表达方式中,首先呈现给读者的是结果(和中文不同)
英文擅长用长句,中文擅长用短句。
--Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia.(pandan.熊猫)
cat-like猫一样的,偷偷摸摸的/dog-like狗一样的/life-like栩栩如生的
WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemiles
southofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.
一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词的后面,但为了保持句子平衡,也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前
1>定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰
--定语从句的引导词:
--指人:
主语who;宾语who,whom;定语?
whose
--指物:
that(也可以指人)/which
--时间状语:
when/地点状语:
where/原因状语:
why
2>同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容
--同位语从句的引导词:
--名词(做主语、宾语等):
关系词用that而不是which
--时间:
when;?
地点:
where
--定语从句中没有what这个关系词,但what可以引导同位语从句
--Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.
--I?
have?
no?
idea?
what?
has?
happened?
to?
him。
theywerenottakenseriously(they指代reports)
takesthseriously=dealwithsthseriously认真地对待某事
--Ialwaystakeyoursuggestionsseriously.
takesthlightly草率地对待某事(lightlyadv.轻率地)
--Don’ttakethehotpotatolightly(hotpotaton.棘手的问题)
However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedto
investigate,forthede脚本ionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawere
extraordinarilysimilar.
Howeveradv.然而(起转折作用)
As连词:
随着,当...之时
过去分词做定语:
--thede脚本ionsgivenbypeople
--thestorytoldbythesailor(n.海员,水手,船员)
--abookwrittenbyLuxun
claim?
to?
have?
done?
sth声称曾经做过某事
--Heclaimedtohavebeenthemanagerofthelargeshop.
Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw
’alargecat’onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.
Whereawomanpicking…定语从句
--IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.
Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattack
ahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.
Confirm=besure=becertain(confirmvt.确定)
Unlessitiscornered=ifitisnotcornered(unlessconj.如果不,除非)
--Hewillacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow.
Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorning
andatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.
search=hunt
Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.
把某物留在后面:
leave?
behind
--Whereverhewent,thewoundleftbehindhimatrailofblood.(n.血)
Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.
英文表达方式习惯用被动语态,突出客观事实。
而中文则善于运用动作的执行者。
pumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.(被动)
àWefoundthepumafurclingingtobushes.(主动)
--clingingtobushes是现在分词短语做宾补
Severalpeoplecomplainedof“cat-likenoises’atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtrip
sawthepumaupatree.
complain?
of/about?
sth抱怨某事
on+名词:
强调动作正在进行
--on?
the?
rise在上升/on?
the?
increase在增加
--on?
the?
watch在观看/on?
the?
match在比赛中
--on?
the?
fishing?
trip在钓鱼的途中/on?
holiday在度假
Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcome
from?
Fully(adv.充分地,完全地)=completely=entirely
Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthave
beeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.
sthbein?
the?
possession?
of?
sb=sthbein?
sb’s?
possession某物归某人所有(主语是物)
--Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession.=Thebeautifulcarisinthepossessionofme.
Sbbein?
possession?
of?
sth某人拥有某物(主语是人)
--Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.(inpossessionof…做表语)
--Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.(inpossessionof…做定语)
take?
possession?
of…拥有…
Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.
Wenton=lasted(lastvi.继续,持续)
Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.
Itisdisturbingtothinkthat...一想到…就心理不安
--ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfailmyexamination
inthequietcountryside在宁静的山村
Specialdifficulties难点
ExercisesA
1.at/for2.to3.to4.in5.on
ExercisesB
1.Heisthemanwehaveheardaboutsomuch.
2.Theshelfyouputthosebooksonhascollapsed.(vi.倒塌,崩溃,瓦解)
3.Whomdidyoureceivealetterfrom?
特殊疑问句中whom?
不能省略(本句)。
定语从句中Which以及指代人的做宾语的Whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略。
省略时,介词不能前置到关系代词Whom,Which前,只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。
固定的动词短语
look?
for:
寻找(去掉for后look没有寻找的意思,所以介词for不能前置)
非固定的动词短语
look?
at:
注视
live?
in:
居住(去掉in后live仍有居住的意思,所以介词in可以前置)
Thisistheoldhouseinwhichhelived.=Thisistheoldhousehelivedin.
4.Thisistheroadwecameby?
5.Whereisthepencilyouwereplayingwith?
Multiplechoicequestions多项选择
1…正确答案:
D
incommonadv.共有(替换了similar)
2…正确答案:
B
A)只是一个具体的特定的事列,阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意
B)?
large?
cat
persuadev.说服,劝说
3…答案正确:
C?
做理解题时要紧扣主题、紧扣中心大意
文章最后一句话总结了大意
句型结构题和词汇题是每课的关键
4…答案正确:
C?
Make的用法:
make?
somebody?
do(在主动语态中不定式的符号to应该省略)
be?
made?
to?
do(被动语态中不定式的符号to必须补充完整)
--Theymadeherwaitforhours.àShewasmadetowaitforhours.
5…答案正确:
D?
A)把say改成claim就对了(--People?
claimed?
to?
have?
seen?
the?
puma.)
D)清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系
6…正确答案:
B
原句中的?
when引导的时间状语从句表示:
-...就…(as?
soon?
as)
被动:
Onbeingobserved,itimmediatelyranaway.
主动:
On?
observing?
her,it?
immediately?
ran?
away.
Onseeingme,hewavedtome.
7…正确答案:
D
except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配(也可是when/if引导的从句形式)
unless=if...not=exceptontheconditionthat…
when=if
--…exceptwhentheyarecornered.=…exceptiftheyarecornered.
--Wheneveryoucome,youarewelcome.=Ifeveryoucome,youarewelcome.