学年高中英语Unit21HumanBiology单元检测北师大版选修7.docx

学年高中英语Unit21HumanBiology单元检测北师大版选修7.docx

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学年高中英语Unit21HumanBiology单元检测北师大版选修7

Unit21HumanBiology

（时间:

100分钟　满分:

120分）

第一部分　阅读理解（共两节,满分40分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）

阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

Nooneknowswhywesleep,butit’scertainthatweneedto.Peoplewhoarepreventedfromsl

eepingbegintosufferobviouseffectsafterafewdays—theythinklessclearly,andtheyfallasleepduringtheworkinghours;somemayhavehallucinations（幻觉）.

Therearenorulesaboutsleep.Generallyspeaking,grown-upssleepaboutsevenandahalfhourseachnightandprobablymorethansixtypercentgetbetweensevenandeighthours.Butperhapseightpercentarequitehappywithfivehoursorless,andfourpercentorsofindthattheywanttenhoursormore.Ifyoufeelallright,you’reprobablygettinge

noughsleep.Theimportantthingisnottoworryhowmuchotherpeopleget—theirneedsmaybedifferent.Exercisedoesn’tseemtoincreasetheneedforsleep—officeworkers,forexample,sleepforaboutaslongaspeopledoingphysicallyactivework.

Childrensleepmorethangrown-ups—perhapsfourteentoe

ighteenhourssoonafterbirth,goingdowntogrown-uplevelsbyearlyteenage.Sleeppatternsalsotendtobedifferentintheelderly,whomaysleeplessatnightthantheydidwhenyounger,findsleepgettingmorebroken,andoftenmakeitaruletosleepduringthedaytime.

1Accordingtothepassage,somepeopleareunabletothinkclearlybecause　　　. 

A.theyhavehallucinations

B.theyfeelsleepyduringtheworkinghours

C.theydon’thaveenoughsleep

D.theyarecertaintob

ekeptfromgoingtobed

解析A、B两项是睡眠不足的结果而不是导致人们思维不清的主要原因,故A、B项错误。

D项也不能说明原因。

由第二段我们知道,睡眠不足是引起人们思维混乱的根本原因。

答案C

2WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A.Allgrown-upsmusthaveatleasteight-hoursleep.

B.Mostgrown-upssleepforsevenoreighthourseachnight.

C.Quiteafewpeopleneedonlyfivehoursorlessforthemtosleep.

D.Nogrown-upssleepmorethantenhours.

解析短文的第二段有交代:

60%以上的成年人大约睡7~8个小时。

答案B

3Whetheryouhavegotenoughsleepisjudgedby　　　. 

A.howmanyhoursyouhaveslept

B.howmanyhoursyouneedtosleep

C.whetheryoudoexerciseandphysicalwork

D.whetheryoufeelfreshandenergetic

解析判断人们是否得到足够的睡眠,不是根据睡眠时间的长短,而是人们是否精神焕发地去从事一天的工作与学习。

答案D

4Accordingtothepassage,aboyof14yearsoldismostlikelytosleep　　　. 

A.aslongasagrown-up

B.muchlongerthanagrown-up

C.forfourteenhourseachnight

D.forlessthaneighthourspernight

解析14岁的男孩子属于earlyteenage。

从第三段第一句“...goingdowntogrown-uplevelsbyearlyteenage.”可知他们的睡眠时间与成人相同。

答案A

B

（导学号59260029）

Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolate,youknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.Youcanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfood.Youmaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgood.Youmaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlook,smellortasteverynice.Differentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfood.Afewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenses,whilemostanimalsusemorethanonesense.

Althoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffood,someanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetype.Thepandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.Otheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoice.Akindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbage,eventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.However,mostanimalshaveamorevaried（多样的）diet.Thebeareatsfruits,honey（蜂蜜）andfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimals,birdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.

Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritain,peopleeatfoodwithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweight,whichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproducts,suchasbutter,canalsobebadforthehealth.Choosingtherightfood,therefore,hasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlife.

5Wecaninferfromthepassagethathumansandanimals　　　. 

A.dependononesensewhenchoosingfood

B.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfood

C.choosefoodinsimilarways

D.eatentirelydifferentfood

解析由第一段内容可知人和动物在选择食物上有许多相似之处。

答案C

6Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?

A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.Thesmallbird.

C.

Thebear.D.Thefox.

解析由第二段的描述可知A项正确。

答案A

7Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen　　　. 

A.theseasonchanges

B.thefoodcolourchanges

C.theymovetodifferentplaces

D.theyareattractedbydifferentsmells

解析由第二段最后一句话“Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.”可知答案为A项。

答案A

8Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat　　　. 

A.foodischosenforagoodreason

B.theFrenchandBritishfoodisgood

C.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffood

D.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet

解析最后一段主要讲人们经常吃自己喜欢的食物,而不会太在意饮食健康问题。

答案D

C

（导学号59260030）

Everthinkyoumighthaveanadoptedtwinsomewhere?

It’safairlycommonchildhoodfantasy.

ButfortwolittlegirlsadoptedfromChinatwoyearsago,thefantasyturnedouttobetrue.

Theirnewmoms,wholiveinIllinoisandFlorida,metonanInternetsiteforparentswhohaveadoptedchildreninChina.Whentheyrealizedthattheirdaughters,now3,hadcomefromthesameorphanage,theybegancomparingphotosandotherinformation.Thatledtogeneticteststhatconfirmedtheirsuspicion:

thegirlsaretwins.

What’smore,bothwerenamedMiabytheirnewparents.

“It’samiracle,”saidHollyFunk,oneofthemoms.“Intheseaofhumanity,thesekidsfoundeachother.”

ThegirlshadbeenabandonedonasidewalkinYangzhouaboutaweekapart.WhentheywerereunitedinIllinoistwoweeksago,theyshylyeyedeachother,andthenreachedfortheother’shand.

Thetwofamiliesplanonlotsofvisitsinthecomingyears.

About120,000kidsareadoptedintheUnitedStateseachyear.Nearly8,000ChinesechildrenwereadoptedbyAmericansin2005,accordingtoU.S.officials.

9Whichofthefollowingcanpossiblybethetitleofthepassage?

A.TwoAmericanMoms

B.ChildrenAdoptedbyAmericans

C.Haven’tISeenYouBefore

D.AbandonedChineseTwins

解析文章讲述的是被分别收养的双胞胎奇迹般地再次相聚的故事。

C项不仅符合文章内容,而且生动有趣,故C项为最佳选项。

答案C

10ThemomsdidallthefollowingEXCEPT　　　. 

A.comparingphotosandotherinformation

B.doinggenetictests

C.meetingontheInternet

D.gettingthetwinsreunitedinIllinois

解析根据第三段中“metonanInternetsite”与“comparingphotosandothe

rinformation”可知A、C两项正确;根据第三段最后一句以及常识可以判断B项不可能是她们两个自己做的,因此答案为B项。

答案B

11Theunderlinedword“That”inParagraph3refersto　　　. 

A.childhoodfantasy

B.themom’ssuspicion

C.anInternetsite

D.thecomparisonofphotosandotherinformation

解析that在此处是代词,用来代替上文提到的“...theybegancomparingphotosandotherinformation.”。

答案D

12WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

A.Thetwinswillpaymorevisitstoeachotherinthecomingyears.

B.It’squitebychancethatthetwogirlsfoundeachother.

C.Nearly7%ofallthekidsadoptedintheU.S.arefromChina.

D.Thetwogirlswereadoptedtwoyearsago.

解析根据倒数第二段可知A项正确;根据第二段以及文中“It’samiracle”可知B项正确;根据第二段中的“adoptedfromChinatwoyearsago”可知D项正确;根据最后一段中的“About120,000kidsareadoptedintheUnitedStateseachyear.Nearly8,000ChinesechildrenwereadoptedbyAmericansin2005...”可知C项不正确。

答案C

D

（导学号59260031）

TheDietZone:

ADangerousPlace

DietCoke,dietPepsi,dietpills,no-fatdiet,vegetablediet...Wearesurroundedbytheword“di

et”everywherewelookandlisten.Wehavesoeasilybeenattractedbythepromiseandpotentialofdietproductsthatwehavestoppedthinkingaboutwhatdietproductsaredoingtous.Wearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologicallyandphysically.

Dietproductssignificantlyweakenuspsychologically.Ononelevel,we

arenotallowingourbrainstoadmitthatourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingweight,butincontrollingtheconsumptionoffatty,high-calorie,unhealthyfoods.Dietproductsallowustojumpoverthethinkingstageandgostraightforthescale（秤）instead.Allwehavetodoistoswalloworrecognizetheword“diet”infoodlabels.

Onanotherlevel,dietproductshavegreaterpsychologicaleffects.Everytimewehaveazero-caloriedrink,wearetellingourselveswithoutourawarenessthatwedon’thavetoworktogetresults.Dietproductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpain,andthatlifecanbewithoutresistanceandstruggle. 

Thedangerofdietproductsliesnotonlyinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonus,butalsointhephysicalharmthattheycause.Dietfoodscanindirectlyharmourbodiesbecauseconsumingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearepreventingourbodiesfromhavingbasicnutrients（营养成分）.Dietfoodsanddietpillscontainzero-calorieonlybecausethedietindustryhascreatedchemicalstoproducethesewonderproducts.Dietproductsmaynotbenutritional,andthechemicalsthatgointodietproductsarepotentiallydangerous.

Nowthatweareawareoftheeffectsthatdietproductshaveonus,itistimetoseriouslythinkaboutbuyi

ngthem.Losingweightliesinthepowerofminds,notinthepowerofchemicals.Oncewerealizethis,wewillbemuchbetterabletoresistdietproducts,andthereforepreventthepsychologicalandphysicalharmthatcomesfromusingthem.

13FromParagraph1,welearnthat　　　. 

A.dietproductsfailtobringoutpeople’spotential

B.peoplehavedifficultyinchoosingdietproducts

C.dietproductsaremisleadingpeople

D.peoplearefedupwithdietproducts

解析从第一段“Wearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologicallyandphysically.”可知我们正为对我们造成身体上和心理上的伤害的食品买单。

答案C

14InParagraph3,“gaincomeswithoutpain”probablymeans　　　. 

A.losingweightiseffortless

B.itcostsalottoloseweight