职称英语第四部分阅读理解.docx

职称英语第四部分阅读理解.docx

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职称英语第四部分阅读理解

第四部分阅读理解

第四部分阅读理解

第一篇TellingTalesaboutPeople第二篇Outside-the-classroomLearningMakesaBigDifference

第三篇Sharkattack!

第四篇FeastonTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgiving

第五篇TheTravelsofIbnBattuta第六篇TVShowsandLongBusTrips

第七篇ModernSunWorshippers第八篇TheChangingMiddleClass

第九篇Single-parentKidsDoBest第十篇ALetterfromAlan

第十一篇TheDevelopmentofBallet第十二篇Smuggling

第十三篇TheBarbieDolls第十四篇Sleep

第十五篇OrbitalSpacePlane第十六篇TheSahara

第十七篇EiffelIsanEyeful第十八篇GoalofAmericanEducation

第十九篇TheFamily第二十篇TalesoftheTerriblePast

第二十一篇SpacinginAnimals第二十二篇SomeThingsWeKnowaboutLanguage

第二十三篇TheOnlyWayIsUp第二十四篇CloneFarm

第二十五篇Income第二十六篇SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgo

第二十七篇ImportanceofServices第二十八篇TheNationalParkService

第二十九篇FindYourselfPackingItOn?

BlameFriends.第三十篇“Lucky”LordLucan-----AliveorDead

第三十一篇PoolWatch第三十二篇TheCherokeeNation

第三十三篇OseolaMcCarty已经考过

第一篇TellingTalesaboutPeople

Oneofthemostcommontypesofnonfiction,andonethatmanypeopleenjoyreading,isstoriesaboutpeople'slives.Thesestoriesfallintothreegeneralcategories:

autobiography,memoir,andbiography.

Anautobiographyisthestoryofaperson'slifewrittenbyhimselforherself.Oftenitbeginswiththeperson'searliestrecollectionsandendsinthepresent.Autobiographywritersmaynotbeentirelyobjectiveinthewaytheypresentthemselves.However,theyofferthereaderagoodlookatthewaytheyareandwhatmakesthemthatway.PeopleasdiverseasBenjarminFranklinandHelenKellerhavewrittenautobiographies.1Otherwriters,suchasJamesJoyce，havewrittenthinlyfictionalizedaccountsoftheirlives.Thesearenotautobiographies，buttheyareveryclosetoit.

Memoirs,strictlyspeaking,areautobiographicalaccountsthatfocusasmuchontheeventsofthetimesasonthelifeoftheauthor.2Memoirwriterstypicallyusetheseeventsasbackdropsfortheirlives.Theydescribethemindetailanddiscusstheirimportance.Recently，though，thetermmemoirseemstobebecominginterchangeab1ewithautobiography.Amemoirnowadaysmayormaynotdealwiththeoutsideworld.

Biographiesarefactualaccountsofsomeoneelse'slife.Inmanysenses，thesemaybethehardestofthethreetypestowrite.Autobiographywritersknowtheeventstheywriteaboutbecausetheylivedthem.Butbiographywritershavetogatherinformationfromasmanydifferentsourcesaspossible.Thentheyhavetodecidewhichfactstoinclude.Theirgoalistopresentabalancedpictureofaperson，notonethatisoverlypositiveortoocritical.Afairwell-presentedbiographymaytakeyearstoresearchandwrite.

练习：

1.ThispassageismostlyaboutA.

A.thecharacteristicsofautobiographies，memoirs，andbiographies

B.famousautobiographies

C.whybiographycanbedifficulttowrite

D.differencesbetweenautobiographiesandmemoirs

2.HelenKellerwroteB.

A.amemoirB.anautobiography

C.aworkoffictionD.abiography

3.AutobiographywritersarenotalwaysobjectivebecausetheyC.

A.feeltheyhavetomakeupdetailstomaketheirbookssell

B.constantlycompetewithbiographywriters

C.wanttopresentthemselvesinagoodlight

D.havetroublerememberingthegoodtimes

4.ThewriterintroduceseachcategoryinthepassagebyA.

A.definingitB.givinganexample

C.explainingwhyitishardtowrite

D.tellingwhenpeoplefirstbeganwritingit

5.DiversemeansC.

A.abletoswimindeepwaterB.similaroralike

C.variedordifferentD.enjoyingpoetry

第二篇Outside-the-classroomLearningMakesaBigDifference

Puttingabunchofcollegestudentsinchargeofa$300,000DanceMarathon,fundraisersurelysoundsabitrisky.Whenyouconsiderthefactthatthemoneyissupposedtobegiventochildreninneedofmedicalcare,youmightcalltheideacrazy.

Moststudentleadersdon'twanttospendalargeamountoftimeonsomethingtheycarelittleabout,said22-year-oldUniversityofFloridastudentDarrenHeitner.HewastheDanceMarathon'soperationsofficerfortwoyears.

YvonneFangmeyer,directorofthestudentorganizationofficeattheUniversityofWisconsin,conducted'asurveyinFebruaryofstudentsinvolvedincampusorganizations.Shesaidthedesireforfriendshipwasthemostfrequentlycitedreasonforjoining.

AtlargeuniversitieslikeFangmeyer's,whichhasmorethan40,000students,thestudentsfirstofallwanttofindawayto,belongintheirowncomerofcampus".

KatieRowley,aWisconsinsenior,confirmsthesurvey'sfindings."IwantedtomakethecampusfeelsmallerbyjoininganorganizationwhereIcouldnotonlygetinvolvedoncampusbutalsofindagroupoffriends."

Allofthistalkoffriendship,however,doesnotmeanthatstudentsaren'tthinkingabouttheirresumes."Ithinkthatalotofpeopledojointo'fattenuptheirresume',"saidHeitner."Atthebeginningofmycollegecareer,Ijoinedafewoftheseorganizations,hopingtogetastartinmyleadershiproles."

Butwithoutpassionstudentleaderscanhaveadifficulttimetryingtoweatherthestormsthatcome.Forexample,inApril,severalstudentorganizationsatWisconsinteamedupforaneventdesignedtoeducatestudentsabouthomelessnessandpoverty.Studentleadershadtofacetheproblemofsolvingdisagreements,movingtheeventbecauseofrainyweather,anddealingwiththeuniversity'scomplicatedbureaucracy.

"Outside-oftheclassroomlearningreallymakesabigdifference,"Fangmeyersaid.

练习：

1.Anextracurricularactivitylikeraisingafundof＄300,000isriskybecausemoststudentleadersD.

A）arelazyB）arestupid

C）arenotrichenoughD）willnottakeaninterestinit

2.AmericanstudentsjoincampusorganizationsmostlyforC.

A）makingadifferenceB）gainingexperience

C）buildingfriendshipD）improvingtheirresumes

3.WhoisKatieRowley?

B.

A）She’saseniorprofessorB）She’saseniorstudent

C）She’saseniorofficialD）She’saseniorcitizen

4.Whatdostudentleadersneedtocarryanactivitythroughtoasuccessfulend?

A

A）PassionB）MoneyC）PowerD）Fame

5.Thephrasalverbfattenupinparagraph6couldbebestreplacedbyC.

A）inventB）rewriteC）polishD）complete

第三篇Sharkattack!

Craigrogerswassittingonhissurfboard,scanningthedistanceforhisnextwave,whenhisboardsuddenlystoppedmoving.helookeddownandwasterrifiedtoseeagreatwhitesharkbitingthefrontofhisboard.”Icouldhavetoucheditseyewithmyelbow,”sayscraig.Thesharkhadsurfacedsoquietlythathehadn’theardathing.

Inhishorrorandconfusion,hewavedhisarmsandaccidentallycuttowofhisfingersontheshark’steeth.Hethenslidofftheoppositesideofhissurfboardintothewater.Then,withCraiginthewaterandbloodflowingfromhisfingers,thefive-meter-longsharksimplyswamaway,disappearingintothewaterbelow.

Althoughsharksareoftencategorizedaskillersthathuntandeatasmanyhumansasthencan,thisisfactuallyinaccurate.Sharksveryrarelykillhumans,Apersonhasagreaterchanceofbeingstruckbylightningordrowninginabaththanofbeingkilledbyashark.Only74peoplehavebeenreportedkilledbygreatwhitesinthelastcentury.Butgreatwhitesharkscanreachsixmetersinlengthandweigh2200kilogramsormore.Withfrighteningjawsthatcanholdupto3000teetharrangedinseveralrows,theycouldveryeasilykillandeatahelplesshumaninthewater.Whyisit,then,thatmostpeoplesurviveattacksbygreatwhites?

Sharkresearchersaretryingtocomprehendthereasonsthatallowpeopletoescapewithoutbeingeaten.

Themostcommonexplanationisthatgreatwhitesdon’tseewell.Ithasbeenthoughtthattheymistakepeopleforthesealsorsealionswhichmakeupalargepartoftheirdiet.Thereisreasontodoubtthis,however.Recentinformationshowsthatgreatwhitescanactuallyseeverywell.Also,whenaccackingseals,greatwhitesshoopuptothesurfaceandbitewithgreatforce.Whenapproachinghumans,however,theymostoftenmoveinslowlyandbitelesshard.Theysoondiscoverthathumansarenotahigh-fatmeal.”Theyspitusoutbecausewe’retoobony,”saysAidanMartin,directorofReefQuestCenterforSharkResearch.

SharkresearcherslikeMartinhypothesizethatgreatwhitesareactuallycuriousanimalsthatliketoinvestigatethings.It’spossiblethattheyusetheirbitenotonlytokillandeat,butalsotogatherinformation,AlthoughsuchanexperienceisunluckyforpeoplelikeCraigRogers,whensharksbitesurfboardsorotherobjectsorpeople,theyarelikelyjusttryingtolearnwhattheyare.

练习：

1.AfterCraigRogersfellintothewater,thesharkC.

A）bithissurfboardB）bithisfingers

C）swamawayD）attackedhim

2.ItisdifficultfortheauthortounderstandwhygreatwhitesA.

A）oftenlethumansescapeB）killhumans

C）havesomanyteethD）growtosixmetersormore

3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtomakeupinline2ofparagraph4?

B

A）createB）areC）increaseD）dependupon

4.Thewordtheirinline2ofparagraph4meansB.

A）people’sB）greatwhites’C）sealions’D）seals’

5.Whatisthemainideaoftheforthparagraph?

C

A）Greatwhiteseatlow-fat,bonymealsmoreslowly.

B）Greatwhitesseewellenoughtoincludeseals,sealions,andhumansintheirdiet

C）Wenowknowgreatwhitesdon’tmistakehumansforotheranimals.

D）Thereisreasontodoubtthatgreatwhitesseewellenoughtoattackhumans.

第四篇FeastonTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgiving

FourweeksagoUSchildrendressedasmonstersandaskedforsweets.ThatwasHalloweenInafewweeksAmericanhouseswillberedandgreenandfilledwithpresents,forChristmas.

Asifallthisisn