下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题及详细答案精品.docx
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下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题及详细答案精品
2018年下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题
（总分100,做题时间180分钟）
目录
2018年下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题1
2018年下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题详细答案5
PartⅠTranslation
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed to translate a passage fromEnglish intoChinese.
Itwasjustonewordinoneemail,butittriggeredhugefinanciallossesforamultinationalcompany.
Themessage,writteninEnglish,wassentbyanativespeakertoacolleagueforwhomEnglishwasasecondlanguage.Unsureoftheword,therecipientfoundtwocontradictorymeaningsinhisdictionary.Heactedonthewrongone.
Monthslater,seniormanagementinvestigatedwhytheprojecthadflopped,costinghundredsofthousandsofdollars.“Italltracedbacktothisoneword,”saysChiaSuanChong,aUK-basedcommunicationsskillsandinterculturaltrainer,whodidn'trevealthetrickywordbecauseitishighlyindustry-specificandpossiblyidentifiable.“Thingsspiralledoutofcontrolbecausebothpartieswerethinkingtheopposite.”
Whensuchmisunderstandingshappen,it’susuallythenativespeakerswhoaretoblame.Ironically,theyareworseatdeliveringtheirmessagethanpeoplewhospeakEnglishasasecondorthirdlanguage,accordingtoChong.
AlotofnativespeakersarehappythatEnglishhasbecometheworld’sgloballanguage.Theyfeeltheydon’thavetospendtimelearninganotherlanguage,”saysChong.
Thenon-nativespeakers,itturnsout,speakmorepurposefullyandcarefully,typicalofsomeonespeakingasecondorthirdlanguage.Anglophones,ontheotherhand,oftentalktoofastforotherstofollow,andusejokes,slangandreferencesspecifictotheirownculture,saysChong.
“ThenativeEnglishspeakeristheonlyonewhomightnotfeeltheneedtoaccommodateoradapttotheothers,”sheadds.
Withnon-nativeEnglishspeakersinthemajorityworldwide,it’sAnglophoneswhomayneedtouptheirgame.
“Nativespeakersareatadisadvantagewhenyouareinalinguafrancasituation,”whereEnglishisbeingusedasacommondenominator,saysJenniferJenkins,professorofglobalEnglishesattheUK’sUniversityofSouthampton.“It’sthenativeEnglishspeakersthatarehavingdifficultyunderstandingandmakingthemselvesunderstood.”
Non-nativespeakersgenerallyusemorelimitedvocabularyandsimplerexpressions,withoutflowerylanguageorslang.Andthenthere’sculturalstyle,Blattnersays.WhenaBritreactstoaproposalbysaying,“That’sinteresting”afellowBritmightrecognisethisasunderstatementfor,“That’srubbish.”Butothernationalitieswouldtaketheword“interesting”onfacevalue,hesays.
“EnglishspeakerswithnootherlanguageoftenhavealackofawarenessofhowtospeakEnglishinternationally.”
InBerlin,CoultersawGermanstaffofaFortune500companybeingbriefedfromtheirCalifornianHQviavideolink.DespitebeingcompetentinEnglish,theGermansgleanedonlythegistofwhattheirAmericanprojectleadersaid.Soamongthemselvestheycameupwithanagreedversion,whichmightormightnothavebeenwhatwasintendedbytheCaliforniastaff.
“Toomanynon-Anglophones,especiallytheAsiansandtheFrench,aretooconcernedaboutnot‘losingface’—andnodapprovinglywhilenotgettingthemessageatall,”hesays.
That’swhyNerrieredevisedGlobish—adistilledformofEnglish,strippeddownto1,500wordsandsimplebutstandardgrammar.“It’snotalanguage,it’satool,”hesays.SincelaunchingGlobishin2004he’ssoldmorethan200,000Globishtextbooksin18languages.
“Ifyoucancommunicateefficientlywithlimited,simplelanguageyousavetime,avoidmisinterpretationandyoudon’thaveerrorsincommunication,”Nerrieresays.
WhentryingtocommunicateinEnglishwithagroupofpeoplewithvaryinglevelsoffluency,it’simportanttobereceptiveandadaptable,tuningyourearsintoawholerangeofdifferentwaysofusingEnglish,Jenkinssays.
“Peoplewho’velearnedotherlanguagesaregoodatdoingthat,butnativespeakersofEnglishgenerallyaremonolingualandnotverygoodattuningintolanguagevariation,”shesays.
Inmeetings,Anglophonestendtospeedalongatwhattheyconsideranormalpace,andalsorushtofillgapsinconversation,accordingtoSteggles.
Herecommendsmakingthesamepointinacoupleofdifferentwaysandaskingforsomeacknowledgement,reactionoraction.
PartⅡTranslation
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed to translate a passage fromChinese intoEnglish.
气候变化已不是单纯的环境保护问题，而成为人类生存与发展问题。
中国需要改变以煤为主的能源结构和高污染、高能耗的产业结构，以治理环境和应对全球气候变化。
同时，积极应对气候变化也是中国参与全球治理的责任，也是实现可持续发展的迫切需要。
中国作为世界最大的发展中国家，需要积极推动经济与能源的转型，以推动全球可持续发展。
长期以来，中国高度重视气候变化问题，把积极应对气候变化作为国家经济社会发展的重大战略，把绿色低碳发展作为生态文明建设的重要内容，采取了一系列行动，为应对全球气候变化作出了重要贡献。
2009年向国际社会宣布：
到2020年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%－45%，非化石能源占一次能源消费比重达到15%左右，森林面积比2005年增加4000万公顷，森林蓄积量比2005年增加13亿立方米。
中国还将继续主动适应气候变化，在农业、林业、水资源等重点领域和城市、沿海、生态脆弱地区形成有效抵御气候变化风险的机制和能力，逐步完善预测预警和防灾减灾体系。
2018年下半年CATTI英语三级笔译实务真题详细答案
（总分100,做题时间180分钟）
PartⅠTranslation
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed to translate a passage fromEnglish intoChinese.
Itwasjustonewordinoneemail,butittriggeredhugefinanciallossesforamultinationalcompany.
Themessage,writteninEnglish,wassentbyanativespeakertoacolleagueforwhomEnglishwasasecondlanguage.Unsureoftheword,therecipientfoundtwocontradictorymeaningsinhisdictionary.Heactedonthewrongone.
Monthslater,seniormanagementinvestigatedwhytheprojecthadflopped,costinghundredsofthousandsofdollars.“Italltracedbacktothisoneword,”saysChiaSuanChong,aUK-basedcommunicationsskillsandinterculturaltrainer,whodidn'trevealthetrickywordbecauseitishighlyindustry-specificandpossiblyidentifiable.“Thingsspiralledoutofcontrolbecausebothpartieswerethinkingtheopposite.”
Whensuchmisunderstandingshappen,it’susuallythenativespeakerswhoaretoblame.Ironically,theyareworseatdeliveringtheirmessagethanpeoplewhospeakEnglishasasecondorthirdlanguage,accordingtoChong.
AlotofnativespeakersarehappythatEnglishhasbecometheworld’sgloballanguage.Theyfeeltheydon’thavetospendtimelearninganotherlanguage,”saysChong.
Thenon-nativespeakers,itturnsout,speakmorepurposefullyandcarefully,typicalofsomeonespeakingasecondorthirdlanguage.Anglophones,ontheotherhand,oftentalktoofastforotherstofollow,andusejokes,slangandreferencesspecifictotheirownculture,saysChong.
“ThenativeEnglishspeakeristheonlyonewhomightnotfeeltheneedtoaccommodateoradapttotheothers,”sheadds.
Withnon-nativeEnglishspeakersinthemajorityworldwide,it’sAnglophoneswhomayneedtouptheirgame.
“Nativespeakersareatadisadvantagewhenyouareinalinguafrancasituation,”whereEnglishisbeingusedasacommondenominator,saysJenniferJenkins,professorofglobalEnglishesattheUK’sUniversityofSouthampton.“It’sthenativeEnglishspeakersthatarehavingdifficultyunderstandingandmakingthemselvesunderstood.”
Non-nativespeakersgenerallyusemorelimitedvocabularyandsimplerexpressions,withoutflowerylanguageorslang.Andthenthere’sculturalstyle,Blattnersays.WhenaBritreactstoaproposalbysaying,“That’sinteresting”afellowBritmightrecognisethisasunderstatementfor,“That’srubbish.”Butothernationalitieswouldtaketheword“interesting”onfacevalue,hesays.
“EnglishspeakerswithnootherlanguageoftenhavealackofawarenessofhowtospeakEnglishinternationally.”
InBerlin,CoultersawGermanstaffofaFortune500companybeingbriefedfromtheirCalifornianHQviavideolink.DespitebeingcompetentinEnglish,theGermansgleanedonlythegistofwhattheirAmericanprojectleadersaid.Soamongthemselvestheycameupwithanagreedversion,whichmightormightnothavebeenwhatwasintendedbytheCaliforniastaff.
“Toomanynon-Anglophones,especiallytheAsiansandtheFrench,aretooconcernedaboutnot‘losingface’—andnodapprovinglywhilenotgettingthemessageatall,”hesays.
That’swhyNerrieredevisedGlobish—adistilledformofEnglish,strippeddownto1,500wordsandsimplebutstandardgrammar.“It’snotalanguage,it’satool,”hesays.SincelaunchingGlobishin2004he’ssoldmorethan200,000Globishtextbooksin18languages.
“Ifyoucancommunicateefficientlywithlimited,simplelanguageyousavetime,avoidmisinterpretationandyoudon’thaveerrorsincommunication,”Nerrieresays.
WhentryingtocommunicateinEnglishwithagroupofpeoplewithvaryinglevelsoffluency,it’simportanttobereceptiveandadaptable,tuningyourearsintoawholerangeofdifferentwaysofusingEnglish,Jenkinssays.
“Peoplewho’velearnedotherlanguagesaregoodatdoingthat,butnativespeakersofEnglishgenerallyaremonolingualandnotverygoodattuningintolanguagevariation,”shesays.
Inmeetings,Anglophonestendtospeedalongatwhattheyconsideranormalpace,andalsorushtofillgapsinconversation,accordingtoSteggles.
Herecommendsmakingthesamepointinacoupleofdifferentwaysandaskingforsomeacknowledgement,reactionoraction.
【答案】：
邮件里的一个小小单词，却导致一家跨国公司蒙受了巨额经济损失。
公司里一名以英语为母语的员工，发了一封英文邮件，给以英语为第二语言的同事。
由于不确定一个词的意思，这位同事查了词典，发现存在两个完全矛盾的意思，结果他偏偏选中了错的那个。
项目失败了，导致了数十万美元损失。
数月后，公司管理层着手调查原因。
身在英国的跨文化沟通技能培训师蔡孙重（ChiaSuanChong）表示：
“最后，一切都归因于这个词。
双方的理解南辕北辙，于是一切都乱了套。
”但她没有透露这个棘手的单词具体是什么，因为这个单词高度行业化，一旦透露，就很有可能暴露企业信息。
蔡孙重说，类似的误解，通常是英语母语者的过错。
讽刺的是，与将英语作为第二或第三语言的人相比，英语母语者反而更不擅长传达信息。
蔡孙重表示：
“英语成了全球语言，许多英语母语者觉得志得意满，觉得根本不用再花时间学习其他语言。
”
蔡孙重还说，非母语者讲英语时，和所有其他以英语为第二或第三语言的人一样，更具有目的性，也更为小心谨慎。
反之，英语母语者往往语速过快，叫人跟不上，或者爱讲只有欧美文化背景的人才听得懂的笑话、俚语和段子。
“英语母语者就是意识不到自我调整，关照他人的必要性，”蔡孙重补充道。
鉴于世界上大部分人口，并非以英语为母语，英语母语者还是很有必要加强自身的沟通交流能力。
任职英国南安普敦大学（UniversityofSouthampton）的全球英语教授詹尼弗·詹金斯（JenniferJenkins）表示：
“周围的人都把
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