考研大作文写作全文写法.docx

考研大作文写作全文写法.docx

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考研大作文写作全文写法

大作文写作

框架结构

一、Introduction:

引言/起始/淘金段，图画/图表描述段，3句。

1.Generaldescription:

总体描述，1句。

2.Details1、2、3：

挖掘细节词、联结成句，1~2句。

3.Caption:

文字说明，1句。

二、Body:

主体/拓展段，意义阐释段，5句。

1.Topicsentence:

主题句，即Symbolicmeanings（象征寓意），1句。

2.Argument:

论证，3句。

1）五大角度：

background,facts,others’opinions,reasons,consequences

2）六种手段：

Causeandeffect,Classification,Definitionandexplanation,Statisticsandfacts,Exemplification,Compareandcontrast

3）联系现实

3.Summary:

小结，1句，概括论证，总结本段。

三、Conclusion:

结论段，建议措施段，4句。

1.Concludingsentence:

结论句，1句。

2.Suggestions1、2：

针对双方提建议，2句。

3.包装结尾，展望未来：

1句。

图画类三大经典段落：

1.图画描述段

四句

首句（总体描述），1句，第一段主题句。

人物/动物/事物+动作+环境，或人物+服装+表情。

Asisvividlyrevealedinthecartoon,…

（depicted）（drawing）

1）1998：

Asisvividlyrevealedinthecartoon,ahenismakingpromises.

2）2000:

Thedrawingsvividlyillustratethechangesofnumbersoffishes

andfishing-boatsinthepast100years.

3）2001:

Itisvividlydescribedinthepicturethatalampisshininginthedarkness/asparkissmilinginthedarkness.

4）2002:

ThephotovividlyshowsalovelyAmericangirlintraditionalChinesecostumewithasweetsmileonherface.

5）2003:

Thissetofdrawingsvividlyreflectsthedestinyofadelicateflowerunderdifferentcircumstances.

6）2004：

Itisvividlyillustratedinthecartoonthataboyisrunningontheplayground/makingthefinalspurtalongtheracetrack.

7）2005：

Asisvividlydepictedinthedrawing,fouryoungpeopleareplayinga“footballmatch”ofcaringtheirhelplessfatherontheplayground.

8）2006：

ThepicturesvividlyrevealthatBeckhamisextremelypopularinChinaatpresent.

二、三句描写画面（挖掘细节）

1）1998:

Whilelayingeggs,sheisproudlypromisesthathereggsareallroundandoval-shapedratherthantwisted.Inaddition,theyareallcomposedofeggwhitesandyolks.

2）2000：

Inonepicture,therewerevariouskindsoffishesandonlyonefishing-boatin1900.Onthecountry,in1995therewasonlyonefish,butagreatmanyfishing-boats.

3）2001:

Anoillampisdesignedwithflameshowingachild’ssmile.Itlookssopureandinnocentthatwecanalmostfeelthecareandwarmthfromthesymboloflove.

4）2002:

Shewearsribbons,earrings,necklacesandotheraccessoriesthatarecharacteristicsoftheclothesofacertainChineseminoritygroup.Besides,thecostumehasaddedorientalcharmtoherbeautifulappearances.

5）2003：

Inthefirstdrawing,theflowerisplacedinacomfortablegreenhousewhichprotectsitfromthethreateningstorm.Bycontrast,whenitexposedtothedrivingrain,thefragrantflowersoonfadesandwithers,withpetalscastaboutontheground.

6）2004：

Afteralongjourney,heismakingthefinalspurttowardthefinishingline,sweatpouringdownhisface.Straightaheadliesasignwhichindicatesanew“startingpoint”andencourageshimtocontinuerushingtothenextdestination.

7）2005:

Inthecartoon,eachofthemstandsinthedifferentcornerofthefield.Theeldersonkicksouttheoldfather,withtheotherthreechildrenguardingtheirgoals.

8）2006：

Inthefirstphoto,thereisayoungmanwithBeckhamonhisface.Inthesecondpicture,thereisanotheryoungmanwhoisdoingBeckham’shaircutinabarber’sshop.

●Captions:

文字说明

1）2001：

Thecaptionreads,“Loveislikealampwhichisbrighterindarkerplaces”.

2）2003：

Weareinformedthat“theflowergrowinginagreenhousecannotwithstandthetestofastorm”.

3）2004:

Thecaptionreads,“thefinishinglineisalsothestartingpoint”.

4）2005:

Weareinformedthatitisa“footballmatchingoffinanciallysupporttheelderly”.

第四句（启示、总结）

Itisobviousthat…

Obviously,…

Weareinformedthat…

Comparingthetwopictureswecanconcludethat…

Themeaningconveyedbythepicturesisclearbutprofound:

Itisnotdifficulttoconcludethesymbolicmeaningofthepictures…

段落实例1

Thissetofdrawingsvividlyreflectsthedestinyofadelicateflowerunderdifferentcircumstances.Inthefirstdrawing,theflowerisplacedinacomfortablegreenhousewhichprotectsitfromthethreateningstorm.Bycontrast,whenitisexposedtothedrivingrain,thefragrantflowersoonfadesandwithers,withpetalsscatteringontheground.Weareinformedthat“theflowergrowinginagreenhousecannotwithstandthetestofastorm”.

2.意义阐述段：

图画作文原则：

以小见大，把握象征寓意，个体想为群体。

第一句：

TopicSentence主题句，应是SymbolicMeaning,即图画或图表的深层含义。

Thesymbolicmeaningofthepictureistoshowusthatimportanceshouldbeattachedto…

Thepictureillustratestherealmeaningof…,bystressingthefactthat…

Undoubtedly,thedrawinghavesymbolicallyrevealedaseriousprobleminourdailylife,…

1）1998:

Thesymbolicmeaningofthepictureistoshowusthatimportanceshouldbeattachedtothewidespreadmeaninglesspromisesmadebypeoplefromallkindsoflife.

2）2000:

Thepurposeofthedraweristoshowusthatdueattentionhastobepaidtothedeclineoceanresources.

3）2001:

Thepictureillustratestherealmeaningoflove,bystressingthefactthatloveisemotionalstrength,whichcansupportusnomatterhowdarktheworldaroundusbecomes.

4）2002：

ThefactthatpeoplefromdifferentcountriesareattractedtomysteriousChinesecultureindicatesthattosomeextentaculturecanbeaccepted,respected,appreciated,respectedandsharedinternationally.

5）2003：

Undoubtedly,thedrawingshavesymbolicallyrevealedaseriousprobleminourdailylife,parents’dotingcaretoonlychildinthecurrentsociety.

6）2004：

Thecartoonconveysthemeaningthatlifeislikeaprocessofrunninginwhichoneshouldmakeconstanteffortsandneverstopmakingprogress.

7）2005：

Thepurposeofthedrawingistoshowusthatutmostimportanceshouldbeattachedtothemistreatmentofseniorcitizens.

8）2006：

Thepictureshavesubtlyreflectedthesocialphenomenonthatidolworshipisprevalentamongtheteenagersnowadays.

二到四句：

论证

✧论证角度（四种角度）

1Background背景：

政治、经济、文化、和社会

A．Withtheglobalization,idolworshipisextremelypopularamongtheadolescents.

B．Withthespeedysocialandeconomicdevelopment,youngstersinmountingnumbersadmirethecelebrities.

C．Withthereformandopening-upinrecentdecadesinChina,youngpeopleinexpandingnumbersadoresuperstars.

2Reason原因Consequence结果：

任何问题都有结果，结果一般有利有弊

2004：

Owingtothequickeningpaceoflife,competitiongoesincreasinglyfierceinallwalksoflife,stimulatingeveryonetopursueonegoalafteranother.

A.2002：

Sincethetrendofglobalizationbecomeirresistible,culturalcommunicationcaneffectivelyimprovemutualunderstandingandfriendship

B.2003:

Oncetheyoungpeoplebegintoseekindependenceandacceptchallengesfromtherealworld,theyarefoundtoospoiledtobestrongenoughinthefaceofdifficulties.

✧论证手段

①分析原因：

（2~3点）

Firstandforemost,somepeopleshirktheirdutyoffinanciallysupportingtheiroldandhelplessparentsduetotheirowninterests.Furthermore,someelderlypeopleareoftenill-treatedbytheirownchildrenandcannotleadanormallife,theirparentsareneglectedandreducedtoutterpoverty.（2005年）

②举例论证：

Forinstancewhensomeoneisstarvingtodeath,justalittlefoodandwaterfromyoumaysavehislife.Orwhenalittlegirlinapoorruralareadropsoutofschoolbecauseofpoverty,justasmallsumofmoneyfromyoumaysupporthertofinishherschoolingandchangeherlife.Youhavegivenlovewhichislikealampinadarkplacewherelightismostneeded.（2001）

3.结尾（结论4句）

✧结论第一句

1）2001：

Inmyopinion,thebestwaytoshowloveistohelppeoplewhoareunfortunatethanweare.

2）2006:

Hence,idolatry,thethought-provokingsocialphenomenon,isadouble-edgedswordwhichcanexertprofoundinfluenceonthegrowthofyoungpeople.

3）Asaconsequence,itisimperativeforustotakeeffectiveactions.

4）Accordingly,itisvitalforustoderivepositiveimplicationsfromthesethought–provokingdrawings.

5）Inmyopinion,itisimperativeforustotakedrasticmeasurestoreversethedisturbingtrendillustratedinthepictures.

6）Thissimplepictureisawake-upcallforthewholeofthehumanrace.

7）Therefore,itisnecessaryforustouseInternetinareasonablewayandrestrainfromoverindulgence.

8）Fromtheanalysismadeabove,wemaycometotheconclusionthatpeople’slivingstandardsinXi’anhavebeenconstantlyimprovedbetween1995and1999.

✧结论第二句（具体建议措施、个人观点）

1）2002：

Itismyviewthatnationalcultureaspricelessspiritualtreasureshouldbepreservedandcherished.Meanwhile,therearegoodreasonstoadvocateinternationalcultureforthoseideastheothercultures,controversialorevenabsurdatfirstsight,canprovideadifferentperspectiveforustoobservetheworldinthelongrun.

2）2003:

Onthewayhand,wecanfrequentlyusethemtoenlightentheyouthtobemoreindependentinlife.Ontheotherhand,parentsshouldbesensibleenoughtogivetheirchildrenmorefreedomtodealwithtroublesandproblems.

3）2005：

Tobeginwith,relevantlawsandregulationsshouldbemadetoseverelypunishthosewhoshuntheresponsibilitiesofcaringtheirparents.Inaddition,weshouldcultivatetheawarenessoftheyoungthatrespectingtheoldhasalwaysbeenthetraditionalvirtueofChineseculture.

4）2006:

Itismyviewthat,firstofall,thewholesocietyshouldattachgreatimportancetothesoundgrowthofyoungsters.Furthermore,properguidanceandprotectionofadultsandschoolsarevitaltoteenagers.

✧结论第三句:

（倒装，强调，虚拟语气）

1）2002：

Onlyinthiswaycanwepromoteculturaldevelopmentpositivelyandmakeourworlddimensional,colorfulandvigorous.

2）2003：

Onlybyundergoingmorechallengesandtoilsinadversitycanyoungpeoplecultivatestrongpersonalityandability,andonlyinthiswaycantheybecomewinnersinthiscompetitiveworld.

3）2005:

Onlyinthiswaycanwecurbth