定语提高班适用.docx
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定语提高班适用
定语从句（提高班练习一）2005、10、9fwd
定语从句（PartI）
一、定义：
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
如：
1）Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.
2）YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who（宾格who,所有格whose）和关系副词where,when、why
关系词常有三个作用：
1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
（1）TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.
（2）YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.
2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
（1）Mr.Liuistheperson（whom）youtalkedabout.
注意：
关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
（3）Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.
3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
（1）Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.（which在句子中做主语）
（2）Thisisthepen（which）heboughtyesterday.（which在句子中做宾语）
4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
（5）Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.（在句子中做主语）
（6）Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?
（在句子中做宾语）
5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
（1）Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.
（2）Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
（3）Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
（5）Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?
=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?
请分析一下GOFORIT教材中出现的部分定语从句：
（请划出定语从句，并标出先行词）
1.CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.
2.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.
3.Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.
4.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.
5.Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.
6.Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?
7.ThinkaboutStephenHawking,averycleverscientist,whoregardshismanyphysicalproblemsasunimportant.
8.HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.
9.MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.
10.Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey?
11.BeingaprofessionalrunneristheonlythingIhaveeverwantedtodo.
12.Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.
13.Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.
14.Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthis,youcanaskthem.
15.AllIeverwantedtodowastraveling.
练习：
一、Joineachpairofthesentencesafterthemodel.
Model:
Theboyismybrother.Hehelpedme.→Theboythat（who）helpedmeismybrother.
1.Themanisinthenextroom.Hebroughtustheletteryesterday.
____________________________________________________________________________________
2.Thefilmisinteresting.Theysawitlastnight._______________________________________________
3.Thepenismine.Hehastakenitaway.__________________________________________________
4.Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.Theydon’tworkhard.
____________________________________________________________________________________
5.Theladyisourteacher.Yousawherjustnow.____________________________________________
6.Iwasreadingabook.Thebookisaboutaboy.______________________________________________
7.Heistheyoungwriter．Hewrotethebook．________________________________________________
8.Doyouknowthedoctor?
Hecomeshereonceamonthandexaminestheworkers．
_____________________________________________________________________________________
9.TheforeignguestisMr.Green．Yousawhimattheschoolgate．
______________________________________________________________________________________
10.I'vereceivedthebook．Fathersentittome．_________________________________________________
二、用关系代词填空：
that、which、who、whom、whose
1.Thisistheman________wantstoseeyou.
2.Thestudent___________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.
3.Theman__________youwenttoseehascome.
4.Theman___________Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.
5.Thewoman_______________yousawisourgeographyteacher.
6.Therunner________________youareaskingaboutisoverthere.
7.Theperson______________youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.
8.Theman___________waspassingbysawwhathappened.
9.Hereisthepen_________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.
10.Thesebooks_____________youlentmewereveryuseful.
11.Thestorybook____________Ihavejustreadcannotbeeasilyforgotten.
12.Aclockisamachine______tellspeoplethetime.
13.Thisisshirt_______________Iboughtyesterday.
14.Adictionaryisabook_____________givesthemeaningtotheword.
15.Thebook____________isonthetableismine.
16.Thefilm____________theyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.
17.Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces_____Ihaveevervisited.
18.Isthereanyone____________familyisinBeijing?
19.Showmetheboy______________motherisawell-knownsinger.
20.Theboy______fatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.
三、单项选择
（）1.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.
A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose
（）2.What’sthenameoftheprogram________.
A.whicharelisteningB.youarelisteningto
C.tothatyouarelisteningD.thatyouarelistening
（）3.Thestudentswereallinterested____youtoldthemyesterday.
A.inwhichB.inthatthisC.allthatD.ineverything
（）4.Hewastheonlypersoninhisoffice______wasinvited.
A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which
（）5.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastyear.
A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.inthat
（）6.Charlietoldhismotherall____hadhappened.
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who
（）7.Doyouknowthestudent_____?
A.whomIoftentalkB.withwhoIoftentalk
C.IoftentalkwithD.thatIoftentalk
（）8.Ilikethehouse_____windowsfacesouth.
A.whoseB.who’sC.it'sD.its
（）9.Wouldyoutellmewheretogetthedictionary_____?
A.whatIneedB.IneedC.whichIneeditD.thatIneedit
（）10.Theyoungwoman_____Ispokejustnowisayoungdoctor.
A.whoB.towhomC.whomD.that
定语从句（PartII）
一、关系副词引导的定语从句
1.when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语
（1）IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.
（2）Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.
2.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语
（1）ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.
（2）ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.
3.why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语
（1）Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.
（2）Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.
注意：
关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
（1）Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,
（2）Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowhim.
（3）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthecityinwhich/whereIwasborn.
二、介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导
（1）Theschool（that/which）heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.
=Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.
（2）TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazine（that/which）youaskedfor.
=TomorrowIwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.
（3）We’llgotohearthefamoussinger（whom/that/who）wehaveoftentalkedabout.
=We’llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.
注意：
1、有些动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：
lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等
（1）Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.（True）
（2）ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.（False）
2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
（1）Themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.（T）
（2）Themanwho/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend.（F）
（3）TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.（T）
（4）TheplaneinthatweflewtoCanadaisverycomfortable.（F）
3、“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词
（1）Helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.
（2）Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.
（3）Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.
针对性练习
简单归纳：
介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择,方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词（习惯搭配）,再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断,结合生活实际来判断.
（）1.Doyouknowwholivesinthebuilding______thereisawell?
A.infrontofit B.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhich D.infront which
（）2.I’llneverforgettheday____IjoinedtheLeague.
A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich
（）3.Thewoman_____mybrotherspokejustnowismy teacher.
A.whoB.towhomC.towhoD.whom
（）4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,____sheborroweda necklace.
A.fromwho B.fromwhomC.tothat D.towhom
（）5.Hisglasses,_____hewaslikeablindman,fellto thegroundandbrokeitsleg.
A.which B.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that
（）6.sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_____muchcanbelearned.
A.who B.that C. fromwhich D.fromwhom
（）7.Hebuiltatelescope_____hecouldstudytheskies.
A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit
（）8.Doyouknowthereason____hewaslate?
A.that B.which C.forwhatD.forwhich
（）9.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,____writeswell.
A.noneofwhich B.neitherofwhichC.noneofthem D.neitherofthem
（）10.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.
A.duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhich
（）11.Chinahasmanyrivers,____theChangjiangRiver isthelongest.
A.which B.inwhichC.amongwhich D.oneofwhich
（）12.Thisistheveryknife_____Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.
A.that B.bywhichC.which D.withwhich
13.Thespeed____whichyoudriveyourcarmustn’ttoohigh.
14.Intheparktherearemanyflowers,thecolor_____ whichisbrightand
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