高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习4及答案.docx

高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习4及答案.docx

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高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习4及答案

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品题练习（4）及答案

阅读理解技法指导

2．推理判断题

推理判断题常见的命题方式有以下几种：

（1）Wecanknowfromthepassagethat______.

（2）Wecaninferfromthe（first/last）passagethat______.

（3）Thepassage/authorimplies/suggeststhat______.

（4）Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat______.

（5）Theunderlinedsentenceindicatesthat______.

（6）Fromthepassagewecandrawtheconclusionthat______.

（7）Theauthorseemstobeinfavorof/against______.

（8）Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageis______.

（9）Theauthormayprobablyagreewith/support______.

（10）What'stheauthor'sattitude/view/point______？

（11）Howdoestheauthorfeelabout______？

（12）Intheauthor'sopinion，______.

如：

（2012·课标全国高考，D篇）

Grownupsareoftensurprisedbyhowwelltheyremembersomethingtheylearnedaschildrenbuthaveneverpracticedeversince.Amanwhohasnothadachancetogoswimmingforyearscanstillswimaswellaseverwhenhegetsbackinthewater.Hecangetonabicycleaftermanyyearsandstillrideaway.Hecanplaycatchandhitaballaswellashisson.Amotherwhohasnotthoughtaboutthewordsforyearscanteachherdaughterthepoemthatbegins“Twinkle，twinkle，littlestar”orrememberthestoryofCinderellaorGoldilocksandtheThreeBears.

Oneexplanationisthelawofoverlearning，whichcanbestatedasfollows：

Oncewehavelearnedsomething，additionallearningtrialsincreasethelengthoftimewewillrememberit.

Inchildhoodweusuallycontinuetopracticesuchskillsasswimming，bicycleriding，andplayingbaseballlongafterwehavelearnedthem.Wecontinuetolistentoandremindourselvesofwordssuchas“Twinkle，twinkle，littlestar”andchildhoodtalessuchasCinderellaandGoldilocks.Wenotonlylearnbutoverlearn.

Themultiplicationtables（乘法口诀表）areanexceptiontothegeneralrulethatweforgetratherquicklythe

thingsthatwelearninschool，becausetheyareanotherofthethingsweoverlearninchildhood.

Thelawofoverlearningexplainswhycramming（突击学习）foranexamination，thoughitmayresultinapassinggrade，isnotasatisfactorywaytolearnacollegecourse.Bycramming，astudentmaylearnthesubjectwellenoughtogetbyontheexamination，butheislikelysoontoforgetalmosteverythinghelearned.Alittleoverlearning，ontheotherhand，isreallynecessaryforone'sfuturedevelopment.

68．Theauthorexplainsthelawofoverlearningby______.

A．presentingresearchfindings

B．settingdowngeneralrules

C．makingacomparison

D．usingexamples

剖析：

D　推理判断题。

作者在第二段中解释了thelawofoverlearning，接着在第三、四段通过具体的实例来对此进行说明。

故选D项。

70．Whatistheauthor'sopiniononcramming?

A．Itleadstofailureincollegeexams.

B．It'shelpfulonlyinalimitedway.

C．It'spossibletoresultinpoormemory.

D．Itincreasesstudents'learninginterest.

剖析：

B　推理判断题。

由最后一段第一句可知，虽然突击学习可能在通过考试的分数上起一定作用，但是对于学习大学课程来说却不是一种令人满意的方法。

由此推出，在作者看来突击学习的作用是有一定局限性的。

故选B项。

这类题目单从材料的字面意思中是找不到答案的，这就要求考生必须仔细阅读，了解文中的全部信息或事实，透彻理解文章的深层含义，运用归纳、综合、推理的逻辑思维方法，将已述和未述的含义结合起来思考，判断人物的动机、目的和性格特征，理顺事件发生的顺序或前因后果，从而找到答案。

C7[2013·北京卷]C

DoesFameDriveYouCrazy?

Althoughbeingfamousmightsoundlikeadreamcometrue,today'sstars,feelinglikezooanimals,facepressuresthatfewofuscanimagine.Theyareatthecenterofmuchoftheworld'sattention.Paparazzi（狗仔队）campoutsidetheirhomes,camerasready.Tabloids（小报）publishthrillingstoriesabouttheirpersonallives.Justimaginenotbeingabletodoanythingwithoutbeingphotographedorinterruptedforasignature!

AccordingtopsychologistChristinaVillarreal,celebrities—famouspeople—worryconstantlyabouttheirpublicappearance.Eventually,theystarttolosetrackofwho

theyreallyare,seeingthemselvesthewaytheirfansima

ginethem,notasthepeopletheywerebeforeeveryoneknewtheirnames.“Overtime，”Villarrealsays,“theyfeelseparatedandalone.”

Thephenomenonoftrackingcelebritieshasbeenaroundforages.Inthe4thcenturyBC,paintersfollowedAlexandertheGreatintobattle,hopingtopicturehisvictoriesforhisadmirers.WhenCharlesDickensvisitedAmericainthe19thcentury,hissold－outreadingsattractedthousandsoffans,leadinghimtocomplain（抱怨）abouthislackofprivacy.Tabloidsofthe1920sand1930sranarticlesaboutfilm－starsinmuchthesamewaythatmoderntabloidsandweb

sitesdo.

Beingapublicfiguretoday,however,isalotmoredifficultthanitusedtobe.Superstarscannotmoveaboutwithoutworryingaboutphotographerswithmoderncameras.Whentheysaysomethingsillyordosomethingridiculous,thereisalwaystheInternettospreadthenewsinminutesandkeeptheir“story”aliveforever.

Iffameissotroublesome,whyaren'tallcelebritiesrunningawayfromit?

Theansweristherearestillwaystodealwithit.Somestarsstaycalmbysurroundingthemselveswithtrustedfriendsandfamilyorbyescapingtoremoteplacesawayfrombigcities.Theyfocusnotonhowfamoustheyarebutonwhattheylovetodoorwhatevermadethemfamousinthefirstplace.

Sometimesafewcelebritiescangetalittlejustice.Still,evenstarswhoenjoyfulljusticeoftencomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare.Theyaretiredofbeingfamousalready.

63．Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatstarstoday________．

A.areoftenmisunderstoodbythepublic

B.cannolongerhavetheirprivacyprotected

C.spendtoomuchontheirpublicappearance

D.carelittleabouthowtheyhavecomeintofame

64．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?

A.Greatheroesofthepastweregenerallyadmired.

B.Theproblemfacedbycelebritieshasalonghistory.

C.Well－knownactorsareusuallytargetsoftabloids.

D.Worksofpopularwritersoftenhavealotofreaders.

65．Whatmakesitmuchhardertobeacelebritytoday?

A.Availabilityofmodernmedia.

B.Inadequatesocialrecognition.

C.Lackoffavorablechances.

D.Hugepopulationoffans.

66．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardmoderncelebrity?

A.Sincere.

B.Sceptical.

C.Disapproving.

D.Sympathetic.

【要点综述】本文主要论述名人的烦恼，涉及名人的压力、与世界的隔离、历史由来、现在的状况，最后提出了解决名人烦恼的办法。

63．B　细节理解题。

根据第四段内容可知，名人几乎难有隐私。

所以选B。

64．B　段落大意题。

第三段主要讲名人烦恼的历史由来。

所以选B。

65．A　细节理解题。

根据第四段cameras、theInternet等可知选A。

66．D　观点态度题。

作者对于名人的压力、存在状况是非常同情的。

所以选D。

sincere真挚的；sceptical怀疑的；disapproving不赞成的；sympathetic同情的。

阅读理解技法指导

3．主旨大意题

主旨大意题常见的命题方式有以下几种：

（1）Thebesttitle/headlineforthispassageis______.

（2）Thepassage（orthefirstparagraph）ismainlyabout______.

（3）Whatisthemainidea/topic/purpose/subjectofthepassage?

（4）Whichofthefollowingtitlesbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassa

ge?

（5）Thepassagechieflydiscusses/dealswith______.

（6）Whichofthefollowingbeststatesthethemeofthepassage?

（7）Thepassagemainlytellsusthat______.

（8）Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?

（9）What'sthebest/mostsuitabletitleofthistext/passage?

如：

（2012·湖南高考，C篇）

Harvardresearchershavecreatedatough，lowcost，biodegradable（可生物降解的）materialinspiredbyinsects'hardoutershells.Thematerial'sinventorssayithasanumberofpossibleusesandsomedaycouldprovideamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyalternativetoplastic.Themateria

l，madefromshrimp（虾）shellsandproteinsproducedfromsilk，iscalled“shrilk.”Itisthin，clear，flexibleandstrong.

Amajorbenefitofthematerialisitsbiodegradability.Plastic'stoughnessandflexibilityrepresentedarevolutioninmaterialsscienceduringthe1950sand'60s.Decadeslater，however，plastic'sverydurability（耐用性）israisingquestionsabouthowappropriateitisforonetimeproductssuchasplasticbags，orshortlivedconsumergoods，usedinthehomeforafewyearsandthencastintoalandfillwheretheywilldegradeforcenturies.Whatisthepointofmakingsomethingthatlasts1,000years?

Shrilknotonlywilldegradeinalandfill，butitsbasiccomponentsareusedasfertilizer（肥料），andsowillenrichthesoil.

Shrilkhasgreatpotential，theinventorssaid.Materialsfromwhichitismadeareplentifulinnature，foundineverythingrangingfromshrimpshells，insectbodiestolivingplants.Thatmakesshrilklowcost，anditsmassproductionpossibleshoulditbeusedforproductsdemandingalotofmaterial.

Workonshrilkiscontinuinginthelab.Theinventorssaidthematerialbecomesflexiblewhenwet，sothey'reexploringwaystouseitinwetenvironments.They'realsodevelopingsimplerproductionprocesses，whichcouldbeusedfornonmedicalproducts，likeforcomputercasesandotherproductsinsidethehome.They'reevenexploringcombiningitwithothermaterials，likecarbonfibers，togiveitnewproperties.

66．Paragraph1ofthepassageismainlyaboutshrilk's______.

A．remarkabledesign

B．interestingname

C．majorfeatures

D．basicelements

剖析：

C　主旨大意题。

第一段中主要介绍哈佛大学发明的这种新型材料其灵感来自于动物的外壳，其用途广泛，低耗环保，是塑料的替代品。

它由虾壳及丝蛋白制成，因此被命名为“shrilk”，其特点是轻薄、透明、柔韧、结实。

不难看出这里介绍的是这种新材料的主要特性，其他选项过于片面。

故C项正确。

70．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．RecentProgressinEnvironmentalProtection

B．BenefitsofInsectsinScientificResearch

C．TheHarmofOnetimeProducts

D．APossibleAlternativetoPlastic

剖析：

D　主旨大意题。

本文为科技说明文，开篇点题，介绍了这种可替代塑料的新型材料的性能等问题，所以D项适合。

这类题目要求在理解全文的情况下归纳文章要点，对全文的中心思想进行概括、总结和评价。

考生需要分析文章的篇章结构，认真阅读文章的第一段或每段的第一个句子或最后一句，抓住文章开头的主题句或文章最后的结论，弄清作者的写作意图，综合归纳各段要点以把握文章的主题或大意，从而找出能概括文章主旨或中心思想的标题。

阅读理解技法指导

4．词义猜测题

词义猜测题常见的命题方式有以下几种：

（1）Theword“...”inthepassagemeans______.

（2）Theword“...”couldbebestreplacedby______.

（3）Whichofthefollowingisnearest/closestinmeaningto______.

（4）Theword“...”probablyrefersto______.

（5）Accordingtothepassage，theword“...”isknownas______.

如：

（2012·课标全国高考，A篇）

Areyoulookingforsomenewandexcitingplacestotakeyourkidsto？

Trysomeoftheseplaces：

·Visitartmuseums.Theyofferavarietyofactivitiestoexciteyourkids'interest.Manyofferworkshopsfor