人教新课标高中英语选修8同步测试Unit3Inventorsandinventions SectionⅢGrammar.docx
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人教新课标高中英语选修8同步测试Unit3InventorsandinventionsSectionⅢGrammar
SectionⅢ—Grammar
课后篇巩固探究
一、变式训练
1.Themurdererwasbroughtin,andhishandsweretiedbehindhisback.
Themurdererwasbroughtin hishands behindhisback.
答案:
with;tied
2.Becausefallenleavesareburiedintheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.
intheeartheveryyear,thesoilbecomesricherandricher.
答案:
Withfallenleavesburied
3.IhavereadplentyofbooksandtheyarewrittenbyMoYan.
Ihavereadplentyofbooks MoYan.
答案:
writtenby
4.WhenhewasholdinguptheOlympictorchinhishand,hefeltexcited.
theOlympictorchinhishand,hefeltexcited.
答案:
Holdingup
5.Sheaskedifthereisanythingthathadbeenplannedfortheweekend.
Sheaskedifthereisanything fortheweekend.
答案:
planned
二、完成句子
1.Aftersomuchfailurehe （变得泄气了）.
答案:
becamediscouraged
2. （形势令人振奋）,andeveryonefeelsproud.
答案:
Thesituationisencouraging
3.Hedidn’tnotice （他的钱包被偷了）.
答案:
hiswalletstolen
4.Itwasfoundthatherblood （含有毒素）.
答案:
containedpoison
5.Sheusuallyworksinherstudy （锁着门）.
答案:
withthedoorlocked
三、单句改错
1.Yesterdayhehadhiswatchfixatthewatch-maker’s.
答案:
fix→fixed
2.Thehallwasfoundthoroughlycleanedandeverythingbeingarrangedingoodorder.
答案:
去掉being
3.ThebridgebuildtherewillbeoneofthelongestinChina.
答案:
build→built
4.Hisresponsetothequestionwasquitedisappointing.Ifeltdisappointingathisresponse.
答案:
第二个disappointing→disappointed
5.Myelderbrotherhadhiswalletstoleonatrainlastweek.
答案:
stole→stolen
6.Wemustgettheworkfulfillbytheendofthisweek.
答案:
fulfill→fulfilled
7.Hehadhislegbrokeinthematchlastmonth.
答案:
broke→broken
8.Thegirlbeinginvitedtothepartywasmyclassmate.
答案:
去掉being
9.Thepackagemarkwithnameanddateisyoursister’s.
答案:
mark→marked
10.Englishwidelybeingusedallovertheworldismyfavoritesubject.
答案:
去掉being
四、阅读理解
A
Arecentstudy,whileshowingagenerallypositiveattitudetowardscience,alsosuggestsawidespreadworrythatitmaybe“runningoutofcontrol”.Thisideaisdangerous.
Sciencecanbeaforceforevilaswellasforgood.Itsapplicationscanbechanneledeitherway,dependingonourdecisions.Thedecisionswemake,personallyorcollectively,willdeterminetheoutcomesofscience.Buthereisarealdanger.Scienceisadvancingsofastandissostronglyinfluencedbybusinessesthatwearelikelytobelievewhateverdecisionswecometowillmakelittledifference.And,ratherthanfightingforthebestpossiblepolicies,wemaystepbackanddonothing.
Somepeoplegoevenfurther.Theysaythatdespitethemoralandlegalobjections,whateverisscientificallypossiblewillbedone—somewhere,sometime.Theybelievethatsciencewillgetoutofcontrolintheend.Thisbeliefisdangeroustoo,becauseitfuelsasenseofhopelessnessanddiscouragesthemfrommakingeffortstobuildasaferworld.
Inourinterconnectedworld,thelackofagreementinandoutoftheworldofsciencecanleadtothefailuretocontroltheuseofscience.Withoutacommonunderstanding,thechallengesof“controlling”scienceinthiscenturywillbereallytough.Takehumancloningforexample.Despitethegeneralagreementamongscientistsonitspossiblehugeimpact（影响）ontraditionalmoralvalues,somecountriesstillgoaheadwiththeresearchanddevelopmentofitsrelatedtechniques.Theoutcomesarehardtopredict.
Therefore,discussionsonhowscienceisappliedshouldbeextendedfarbeyondscientificsocieties.Onlythroughtheunitedeffortsofpeoplewithhope,canwebefullysafeagainstthemisuseofscienceandcansciencebestservemankindinthefuture.
1.Whatcanweconcludefromtherecentstudy?
A.Peoplethinkhighlyofscience.
B.Peopleholdmixedopinionsaboutscience.
C.Scienceisgettingdangerouslyoutofcontrol.
D.Scienceisusedforbothgoodandbadpurposes.
答案:
B
解析:
细节理解题。
根据文章第一段第一句可知人们对科学的态度喜忧参半,故答案为B项。
2.Accordingtothepassage,whatwillhappenifweholdthatscienceisgettingbeyondcontrol?
A.Thedevelopmentofsciencewillhopelesslyslowdown.
B.Businesseswillhaveevengreaterinfluenceonscience.
C.Thepublicwilllosefaithinbringingaboutabrightfuture.
D.Peoplewillworkmoreactivelytoputscienceundercontrol.
答案:
C
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第三段最后一句可知,如果科学失控,公众就会对建设光明的未来失去信心,故答案为C项。
3.Thediscussionshouldreachbeyondscientificsocietiesbecause .
A.scientistshavefailedtopredicttheoutcomes
B.thetiesbetweendifferentareasneedstrengthening
C.unitedeffortsarenecessaryforthedevelopmentofscience
D.peopleneedtoworktogethertopreventthebaduseofscience
答案:
D
解析:
细节理解题。
根据文章最后一段最后一句可知答案为D项。
4.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Scienceanditsapplicationsbringusmanydangers.
B.Thedevelopmentofsciencemostlyliesinpeople’sattitudes.
C.Mankindcanlargelytakecontrolofsciencewiththeirefforts.
D.Thefutureofsciencewillbeinfluencedbythedangerousideas.
答案:
B
解析:
主旨大意题。
根据文章第一、二段,尤其是第二段中“Sciencecanbeaforceforevilaswellasforgood.Itsapplicationscanbechanneledeitherway,dependingonourdecisions.”可知本文的中心是科学的发展在很大程度上取决于人们的态度,故答案为B项。
B
TheNetherlandsonMondaylauncheditsfirst-ever“intelligentbicycle”,fittedwithasetofelectronicdevicestohelpbringdownthehighaccidentrateamongelderlycyclistsinthiscountry.
Theintelligentbicyclerunsonelectricity.Itsseatshakeswhenothercyclistsapproachfrombehind,whilethehandlebarsdothesamewhenobstaclesappearaheadtoinformcycliststopayattentiontothedanger.Italsohasacradle（置物架）inwhichacomputercanbeinserted,towirelesslyconnectand“talk”tothebicyclethroughaparticularapplication.Thecomputeralsoflashesabrightsignalifthereisanapproachingobstacleinthebicycle’spath,likeatree,orifanothercyclistcomesupfrombehindintendingtopass.
Acommercial-availablebicycleisexpectedtobeonthemarketinthenexttwoyearsandshouldsellforbetween1,700eurosto3,200eurosperbicycle.Itweighsabout55poundsbutresearchersareworkingonmakingtheon-boardsystemssmaller.
“Accidentsoftenhappenwhencyclistslookbehindthemorgetafrightwhentheyarepassedathighspeed,”saidMauriceKwakkernaat,oneofthescientistsinvolvedintheproject,“Theon-boardsystemtechnologyhasalreadybeenatworkintheautomotiveindustry.”
“Moreandmoreelderlypeopleareusingabicycle,notonlyforshortdistances,butalsoforlongerdistances,”DutchEnvironmentMinisterMelanieSchultzvanHaegensaid.“ThistypeofbicycleistrulyneededintheNetherlandsbecauseitwillhelpusbringdownthenumberofelderlypeoplewhoareinjuredeveryyearandallowthemtocontinueenjoyingcycling,”shesaid.
5.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?
A.Thenewly-inventedbicyclecanwarnofdanger.
B.Theintelligentcomputerrunsonelectricity.
C.Moreelderlypeopleenjoyelectronicdevices.
D.ThemeansoftransportationintheNetherlands.
答案:
A
解析:
主旨大意题。
根据第一段内容“TheNetherlandsonMondaylaunched...inthiscountry.”可知,荷兰在星期一推出了首辆“智能自行车”,这种自行车配备了一套电子设备,用来帮助降低该国骑自行车的老年人的高事故发生率。
故选A项。
6.Whenacarappearsahead,theintelligentbicyclewill .
A.stopbyitself
B.makeanoise
C.warnitscyclist
D.changeitscolor
答案:
C
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段第二句可知,当前方出现障碍物时,自行车把手会摇晃,提醒骑行者注意危险。
故选C项。
7.Whatdoyouknowabouttheintelligentbicycle?
A.Itusesgasasthefuel.
B.Itiswidelyusednow.
C.Itwillbelighterinweight.
D.Itwillbefreeforeveryone.
答案:
C
解析:
细节理解题。
根据第三段最后一句可知,研究人员正致力于使车载系统变得更小。
由此可知,这款自行车以后会更轻。
故选C项。
8.MoreandmoreelderlypeopleintheNetherlands .
A.trytoinventintelligentbicycles
B.enjoythemselvesbycycling
C.drivecarsforlongerdistances
D.devotethemselvestocomputers
答案:
B
解析:
细节理解题。
根据最后一段中的“Moreandmoreelderly...forlongerdistances”以及“Thistypeofbicycle...allowthemtocontinueenjoyingcycling...”可知,越来越多的荷兰老年人享受骑车带来的快乐。
故选B项。
五、七选五阅读理解
ApplyingforcollegeintheUnitedStatesfromanothercountrycanbeexcitingandchallenging. 1 .Butitisnotdifficultifyoufollowtheprocedurescarefully.
TherearemoreapplicantsthanthosethecollegesintheUnitedStatescanacceptinanyyear. 2 .Thekeytosuccessfuladmissionisincarefulplanningandcompletingtherequiredstepsontime.Keepinmindthefollowingadviceduringyourcollegeplanning.
3
Whatkindofpersonareyou?
Whatareyourinterests?
Whydoyouthinkstudyinginanothercountrywillbegoodforyou?
Whatifstudyinginanothercountrymakesyoufeelanxious?
...
Startplanningaheadoftime
4 .Identifythethingsthatarethemostimportanttoyou.Makealistofthosecharacteristicstohelpyoucomparethecollegesthatinterestyou.TalkwithstudentsinyourcountrywhohavestudiedintheUS.Planyourcollegebudget. 5 .Besurethatyourinformationiscurrentandcorrect.
A.Talkaboutyourfamilysituations
B.Consideryourowncharacteristics
C.Berealisticabouthowyouwillpayforyoureducation
D.Theprocessmaybedifferentfromtheoneinyourcountry
E.PlanabouttwoyearsbeforeyouwishtostartstudyingintheUS
F.Followtheadviceabove,youwillmakeittoanidealcollegeintheUS
G.Socollegeadmissioncanbecompetitive,especiallyforapplicantsfromoutsidetheUS
答案:
1~5DGBEC
六、语篇填空
Colorfulfruitandvegetablesarehelpfultoourhealth.Their1. （nature）colorshelpprotectourbodiesfromdisease.Thinkaboutthecolorsoffruitandvegetables—theredoftomatoes,theorangeofcarrots,thegreenofapplesandthepurpleofgrapes.
Youcanenjoy2. （eat）fruitandvegetablesofallcolor
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