硕士研究生入学考试初试专业课211翻译硕士英语试题.docx

硕士研究生入学考试初试专业课211翻译硕士英语试题.docx

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硕士研究生入学考试初试专业课211翻译硕士英语试题

北京科技大学

2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题

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试题编号：

211试题名称：

翻译硕士英语（共12页）

适用专业：

翻译

说明：

所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。

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I.VocabularyandStructure（30points,1pointeach,60minutes）

Directions:

BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,C,orD.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet.

1.Itwasnearlyalwaysorganizedbythegovernment,althoughsomeclubmembersacted_______theirowninitiative.

A.byB.onC.withD.in

2.Heredesignedtheprocess,thereby________thecompanythousandsofdollars.

A.savingB.tosaveC.savedD.save

3.Modernbodiesareespecially______tocancer,becausetechnologyproduceswastethatinhibitstheirproperfunctioning.

A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive

4.Someofhisplanswereimpracticaland________goodforhiswork,butheneverwaveredinwhatheconsideredjust.

A.toomuchB.muchtooC.somuchD.muchso

5.Supporterspraisedtheactionasaspeedyandjudicioussolution,butcriticscondemneditas______andunfairlyinfluencedbyrecentevents.

A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious

6.Itisoddthataperson’sworthismeasuredbyhiswealth,______insteadpeople’scharactershouldbemeasuredbytheirvaluetosociety.

A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when

7.Duringthe17thcenturymanyartistsbecameinvolvedincolortheoryand______paintingforenlightenment.

A.lookeduptoB.lookedoutC.lookedonD.lookedto

8.Nogovernmentcanmeetthe_______demandforevermoresophisticatedmedicaltechnologybyanagingpopulation.

A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious

9.Itisdifficulttodistinguishbetweenthethingsthatcelebritiesdo______andthosethatarecarefullycontrivedforeffect.

A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically

10.Themonkeysinthezooareagroup,becauseprimatesareinevitably______andbuildtheirlivesaroundeachother.

A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious

11.Wheneconomy,language,cultureandhistoryinteract,peoplebegintoviewthemas_______subjectsratherthanisolatedones.

A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized

12.Retiredpeopleareoftenwillingto_______theirtimetohelpwithcommunityproject.

A.giveoutB.giveawayC.giveofD.giveoff

13.Eventhoughformidablewintersarethenorminthisregion,peoplewereunpreparedforthe_______oftheblizzardthatyear.

A.mildnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability

14.Thecommitteeprovidesfundingto_______artistslikethoseofwomenandofcolor,inthehopesofrectifyingahistoricalinequality.

A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized

15.Allareinthe_____stages,untilarchitecturalhistorianssurveyeachhousetodeterminewhichhavehistoricvalue.

A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative

16.Hehasunusualinsightandimagination,whichhasmadehimsucceedin______newandfundamentalprincipleswellinadvanceoftheirgeneralrecognition.

A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling

17.Thestorylineofthenovelwasextremelyinvolvedandincludedmanylessercharacters_______tothecentralevents.

A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating

18.OnceIfinally_______findingadefinition,Iseethatitwasneveranysuchthing.

A.getacrosstoB.getawaywithC.getroundtoD.getinwith

19.Despitethefactthatthelifespanofanimalsisconvenientlydividedintoseparatestages,thoseperiodsarenottruly_______.

A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent

20.Inspiteof_______amongscientists,andyearsofcontentiousdiscussion,theclaimthatearthquakecanbepredictedwithgreatprecisionprevails.

A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy

21.Nodictionarycanreallycapturesomethingasfleetingand______asslang.

A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral

22.Theyboughtuppiecesofoldfurnitureandpassedthem______asvaluableantiques.

A.outB.byC.awayD.off

23.Thatreasonwasuniquehumanhascome_____increasinglyskepticalscrutiny:

moreresearchersatleastentertainthenotionthatsomeanimalscanthink.

A.inB.underC.toD.with

24.Samwasacompletecountryman,withapronounced______withnatureinallitsforms.

A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity

25.Itisnoaccidentthatmostpeoplefindhisbookdisturbing,foritiscalculatedtoundermineanumberofbeliefstheyhavelong_______.

A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood

26.Althoughthepassageofyearshassoftenedtheinitiallyhostilereactiontohispoetry,evennowonlyafewindependentobservers_______hisworks.

A.neglectB.criticizeC.commentD.praise

27.Theexhibition,thoughsmallinscale,succeededin_______itsmemberswithafirmsenseofself-worthandpurpose.

A.endowingB.imbuingC.ladeningD.providing

28.Wewereallimpressedbythestyleofhisbookswhichisstrongly________ofVirginiaWoolf’snovels.

A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative

29.Historiancan_______“Augustanpeace”onlybyfailingtorecognizethatthispeaceinmanyrespectsresemblethatofdeath.

A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove

30.Everythingbecomescollectableintime,particularlywhenitshistoryanddateofmanufacturecanbe________.

A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticated

II.ReadingComprehension（40points,2pointseach,60minutes）

SectionI

Directions:

Inthissectiontherearetworeadingpassagesfollowedbymultiplechoicequestions.Readthepassagesandthenwriteyouranswersonyouranswersheet.

PassageOne

Constantvigilance:

thatisthetaskofthepeoplewhoprotectsocietyfromenemiesintentonusingsubterfugeandviolencetogettheirway.Itisalsothewatchwordofthosewhofearthattheprotectorswillpursuethecollectiveinterestatuntoldcosttoindividualrights.EdwardSnowden,ayoungsecuritycontractor,hascomedownononesideofthattusslebyleakingdocumentsshowingthattheNationalSecurityAgency（NSA）spiedonmillionsofAmericans’phonerecordsontheinternetactivityofhundredsofmillionsofforeigners.

Thedocuments,publishedbytheGuardianandtheWashingtonPost,includetwobigsecrets.OneisacourtordertellingVerizon,atelecomscompany,tohandover“metadata”,suchastheduration,directionandlocationofsubscribers’calls.TheothergivessomecluesaboutaprogrammecalledPRISM,whichcollectse-mails,filesandsocial-networkingdatafromfirmssuchasGoogle,AppleandFacebook.Muchofthiseavesdroppinghaslongbeensurmised,andnoneofitisnecessarilyillegal.Americagiveswidepowerstoitslaw-enforcementandspyagencies.TheyareoverseenbyCongressandcourts,whichissueorderstointernetfirms.

BarackObamahasrespondedtotheleaksbysayingthathe“welcomes”adebateonthetrade-offbetweenprivacy,securityandconvenience.Despitethepresident’swords,however,theadministrationandmuchofCongressseemunwillingtotalkabouttheprogrammestheyoversee;andthepoliticiansandexecutiveswhodowanttospeakoutaregaggedbysecrecylaws.OpinionpollsshowthatAmericansaredividedaboutthemeritsofsurveillance—whichispartlybecausetheyknowsolittleaboutwhatisgoingon.Butspyinginademocracydependsforitslegitimacyoninformedconsent,notblindtrust.

Youmightarguethatthespiesaredoingonlywhatisnecessary.Al-Qaeda’sassaultsonSeptember11th2001demonstratedtopoliticianseverywherethattheirfirstdutyistoensuretheirowncitizens’safety.WithIslamistbombers,thereisagoodcaseforusingelectronicsurveillance:

theycomefromapopulationthatisstillhardforWesternsecurityservicestopenetrate,andtheymakewideuseofmobilephonesandtheinternet.TheNSA’sboss,KeithAlexander,saystheploysrevealedbyMrSnowdenhavestoppeddozensofplots.TheburdenonsocietyofsweepingupinformationaboutthemhasbeenmodestcomparedwiththewarslaunchedagainstAfghanistanandIraq.Andthepublicseemshappy:

iftherewereanotherattackonAmerica,MrSnowdenwouldsoonbeforgotten.

Yetbecausethespieschoosewhattorevealabouttheirwork,nobodycanjudgeifthecostandintrusionareproportionatetothethreat.Oneconcernisthesize,scopeandcostofthesecuritybureaucracy:

some1.4millionpeoplehave“topsecret”clearancesofthekindheldbyMrSnowden.Isthatsensible?

AsecondworryistheeffectonAmerica’stieswithothercountries.Theadministration’simmediateresponsetothePRISMrevelationwasthatAmericanshavenothingtofear:

ittouchedonlyforeigners.ThataddsinsulttoinjuryincountriesthatcountthemselvesascloseAmericanallies:

theEuropeanUnion,inparticular,fastidiouslyprotectsitscitizens’data.Fearsaboundthatthespyagenciespracticeacynicalswap,inwhicheachrespectstheletterofthelawprotectingtherightsofitsownpeople—butletsitsalliesdothesnoopinginstead.

Lawyerlyofficialsdenialsofsuchmachinationsfailtoreassurebecauseofthethirdworry:

thegovernmentsactingoutsidepublicscrutinyarenottobetrusted.JamesClapper,America’sdirectorofnationalintelligence,toldCongressinMarchthattheNS