名师A计划高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 Computers练习 新人教版必修2.docx

名师A计划高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 3 Computers练习 新人教版必修2.docx

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名师A计划高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit3Computers练习新人教版必修2

Unit3　Computers

（60分钟　　81分）

PartA

一、阅读理解（共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分）

A

ChiChiweighsonly13pounds.“He’ssotiny,Icancarryhimwithonehand,”saysMaryLane.“Mostpeopleseehimandthinkhe’suseless.”

ButlastOctober,ChiChiprovedtobemorethanjustaprettyface.Maryandherhusband,Rick,wererelaxingonthebeachoneafternoonwhileonvacationinNorthCarolina’sOuterBanks.Asusual,ChiChiwaslyingonhisblanketinhisownlittlebeachchair.

“Wehadournosesburiedinbooks,”recallsRick,“whensuddenlythedogbecameextremelyuneasy.Hisbarkwasdifferentfromanythingwehadheardbefore.Andhewouldnotletusignorehim.”

ChiChiranbackandforthinfrontofhischairasiftorundownthebeach.TheLanessatuptoseetwoelderlywomenintheocean,about100yardsdownthebeachand10feetoffshore.Onewasonherback,herheadunderthewaves.Theotherwasstrugglinghardtokeepherfriend’sheadabovethesurface.

TheLanesrushedacrossthesandandintothesurf.Rickwenttothewomanindangerofdrowning,whileMaryheldfastontotheotheroneandpulledheruponthebeach.“ThenIwentbacktohelpRick,”Marysays.“Thesanddroppedoffsteeply,andariptide（激流）wasbeatingthewomanunder.Shewascompletelyhelpless.”

Notgettingwellfromrecentkneesurgery,thewomanhadbeenunabletoturnoverorpushherselfup.“Herfriendhadbeenindangertoo,”Marysays.“Thewaveswerepushingheraround.There’snowayshecouldhaveheldonmuchlonger.”

Thewomenhadn’tcalledoutforhelp.“Theywerestrugglingsohardthattherewasnotimeforscreaming,”Maryrecalls.“ButChiChihadsensedtheirdanger.”

Dutydone,ChiChiwasbackinhischair,asleep,bythetimethetwowomenwereondrygroundandtheLaneshadreturnedtotheirblankets.Luckily,thewomenwerefine,thoughshaken.TheythankedtheLanesforsavingtheirlives.

BackhomeinGreensboro,NorthCarolina,theLanesorderedaspecialcollarwiththewords“HeroDog”onit.

1.Whenthetwowomenwerestrugglingintheocean,whatweretheLanesdoing?

A.Theyweresleepingsoundly.

B.Theywereabsorbedinreading.

C.Theywerewipingtheirnoses.

D.Theywerebathinginthesun.

2.WhydidChiChirunbackandforthinfrontofhischair?

A.Itsensedthatadangerwasuponthem.

B.Itsmelledtherewasastormontheway.

C.Itwastryingtodrawitsmaster’sattention.

D.Therewassomethingwrongwithitsmaster.

3.Whycouldn’tthewomangetoutofthewater?

A.Shewasbittenbyashark.

B.Herfrienddidn’tofferhelp.

C.Shewastooweaktostayawake.

D.Therewassomethingwrongwithherknee.

4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.HowChiChibecamea“HeroDog”.

B.Apetdogwassavedbytwowomen.

C.Whatisthebestplacetogoonholiday?

D.TheLaneshelpedtwostrangersoutoftrouble.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了一只名叫ChiChi的宠物狗挽救了两名落海妇女的故事。

1.B　细节理解题。

根据第三段首句可知,正当两个女人在大海中挣扎之时,Lanes夫妇二人正在专心看书。

故选B项。

2.C　推理判断题。

根据第三段最后一句“hewouldnotletusignorehim”以及第四段中的“TheLanessatuptoseetwoelderlywomenintheocean”可知,ChiChi当时在海滩上跑来跑去,目的是吸引主人的注意。

故选C项。

3.D　细节理解题。

根据第六段第一句可知,那个女人的膝盖最近刚做过手术,所以她行动不便,不能摆脱困境。

故选D项。

4.A　主旨大意题。

纵观全文,文章主要讲述了一只名叫ChiChi的宠物狗挽救了两名落海妇女的“英雄事迹”。

故选A项。

B

AsInternetusersbecomemoredependentontheInternettostoreinformation,arepeoplerememberingless?

Ifyouknowyourcomputerwillsaveinformation,whystoreitinyourownpersonalmemory,yourbrain?

ExpertsarewonderingiftheInternetischangingwhatwerememberandhow.

Inarecentstudy,ProfessorBetsySparrowconductedsomeexperiments.SheandherresearchteamwantedtoknowhowtheInternetischangingmemory.Inthefirstexperiment,theygavepeople40unimportantfactstotypeintoacomputer.Thefirstgroupofpeopleunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldsavetheinformation.Thesecondgroupunderstoodthatthecomputerwouldnotsaveit.Later,thesecondgrouprememberedtheinformationbetter.Peopleinthefirstgroupknewtheycouldfindtheinformationagain,sotheydidnottrytorememberit.

Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersgavepeoplefactstoremember,andtoldthemwheretofindtheinformationonthecomputer.Theinformationwasinaspecificcomputerfolder（文件夹）.Surprisingly,peoplelaterrememberedthefolderlocation（位置）betterthanthefacts.WhenpeopleusetheInternet,theydonotremembertheinformation.Rather,theyrememberhowtofindit.Thisiscalled“transactivememory（交互记忆）.”

AccordingtoSparrow,wearenotbecomingpeoplewithpoormemoriesasaresultoftheInternet.Instead,computerusersaredevelopingstrongertransactivememories;thatis,peoplearelearninghowtoorganizehugequantitiesofinformationsothattheyareabletoaccessitatalaterdate.Thisdoesn’tmeanwearebecomingeithermoreorlessintelligent,butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging.

（2015·安徽高考）

1.Thepassagebeginswithtwoquestionsto　　　　. 

A.introducethemaintopic

B.showtheauthor’sattitude

C.describehowtousetheInternet

D.explainhowtostoreinformation

2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefirstexperiment?

A.TheSparrow’steamtypedtheinformationintoacomputer.

B.Thetwogroupsrememberedtheinformationequallywell.

C.Thefirstgroupdidnottrytoremembertheinformation.

D.Thesecondgroupdidnotunderstandtheinformation.

3.Intransactivememory,people　　　　. 

A.keeptheinformationinmind

B.changethequantityofinformation

C.organizeinformationlikeacomputer

D.rememberhowtofindtheinformation

4.WhatistheeffectoftheInternetaccordingtoSparrow’sresearch?

A.Weareusingmemorydifferently.

B.Wearebecomingmoreintelligent.

C.Wehavepoorermemoriesthanbefore.

D.Weneedabetterwaytoaccessinformation.

【文章大意】本文是议论文。

人们越来越依赖网络了。

网络可以存储大量的信息,人们还需要用大脑去记忆吗?

是不是我们的大脑记事情越来越难了?

科学家对此进行了一些实验,来验证我们记忆内容和方式的变化。

1.A　推理判断题。

文章主要讲述了网络是否引起了人们记忆内容和方式的变化。

作者首先运用两个问题来导入要讲述的话题,因此A项正确。

2.C　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Peopleinthefirstgroupknewtheycouldfindtheinformationagain,sotheydidnottrytorememberit.”可知,因为知道电脑可以储存信息,第一组人员就没有去记忆这些信息。

3.D　细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“WhenpeopleusetheInternet,theydonotremembertheinformation.Rather,theyrememberhowtofindit...”可知,在交互记忆中,人们更容易记住如何找到信息,而不是信息本身。

4.A　推理判断题。

根据文章最后一句中的“butthereisnodoubtthatthewayweusememoryischanging”可知,因为网络的使用,现在人们记忆的方式有很大改变。

二、语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）

Scientistshavediscoveredthat1.　　　　（stay）inthecoldcouldhelpusloseweight.ResearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniafoundthatexposuretothecoldincreaseslevelsofaproteinthathelpsformbrownfat—thetypeoffatthatproducesheatandkeepsuswarm.Brownfatburnsenergy,2.　　　　helpsusloseweight.Whitefatstoresextraenergy,whichresults3.　　　　weightgain.Theresearcherssaidthatbecauseairconditioningandheatinggiveusconstant,4.　　　　（comfort）temperatures,ourbody’sneedforbrownfathasdecreased.TheyfoundthatoutdoorworkersinNorthernFinlandwho5.　　　　（expose）tocoldtemperaturehave6.　　　　significantamountofbrownfatwhen7.　　　　（compare）tosame-agedindoorworkers.8.

groupwasinjectedwiththeproteinthathelpscreatebrownfat.Thisgrouplatergained30%lessweightafterbothgroupswerefedhigh-fatdiets.Theresearcherssaythiscouldbegoodnewsinthefightagainstobesity.Peoplewhoareobesehave9.　　　　（low）levelsofbrownfatthanthinnerpeople.HeadresearcherHeiSookSulsaid,“Thisproteincouldbecomeanimportanttargetforresearchintothetreatmentandpreventionofobesityandobesity-relateddiseases.”Sheadded,“Ifyoucansomehowincreaselevelsofthisprotein,youcould10.　　　　（possible）losemoreweightevenifeatingthesameamountoffood.” 

（2015·太原五中二模）

1.staying。

用动名词staying作宾语从句的主语。

2.which。

关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。

3.in。

resultin是固定词组,意为“导致,引起”。

fortable。

此处应用形容词作定语,修饰名词temperatures。

5.areexposed。

定语从句中缺少谓语。

beexposedto为固定搭配,意为“暴露的,直接接触的”。

6.a。

asignificantamountof为固定搭配,意为“许多,大量”。

pared。

compared作状语从句中的谓语。

compareto“与……相比”。

8.One。

根据下文的“Thisgroup”以及“bothgroups”可知,应填One。

9.lower。

由后面的than可知应用比较级。

10.possibly。

此处应填副词possibly修饰动词lose。

PartB

一、完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分）

Duetoalongseriesofunfortunateevents,mymotherisinaseriousdebt,aburdenwasleftonherasaresultofherdivorce.Becauseofthedivorce,thelegalandmedical　1　ithasleftherwith,shewasunableto　2　aloan.Shehasdoneeverythinginher　3　tohelpkeepingthehouseformysistersandherself. 

SinceIwasachild,mymotherhadalwaysbeenthetypeofwomanto　4　others’needsbeforeherown.For13yearsshe　5　abusedandneglectedchildrentofindasanctuary（避难所）throughfostercareinourhouse.Thiswasno　6　taskasmanyofthesechildrenhad　7　yearsofphysicalandemotionalabusefromtheirparents.Notlongaftermyfatherbecameabusive,ourmotherwasbeingphysicallyandemotionally　8　dailybeforeoureyes.Theabuse　9　forsometimebeforeshewasabletofileforadivorce,　10　tofinallyputanendtoher　11　.Unfortunately,thedivorcewasnotas　12　asonewouldexpect. 

Aftertenyears,thedivorcewasfinalizedandmymotherwas　13　tocontinueherlife.Dueto　14　problemswithherkneecausedbytheabuse,mymotherwasunabletowork.The　15　leftherwithhugeamountsofmedical,legalandnowpropertytaxdebts.She　16　herlastbitofmoneyintosavingthehouseformyyoungersistersandherself.Asa　17　mother,sheisthemostinspirationalwomanIhaveevermet.Despitethecontinuousturmoil（混乱）,shehas　18　formedawaytostaypositiveand　19　.Iamhopingtohelphergetbackonherfeetand　20　somemuchneededfinancialandemotionalsupport. 

（2016·安徽“江淮十校”联考）

1.A.accidentsB.debts

C.teamsD.research

2.A.takeoutB.putout

C.makeoutD.thinkabout

3.A.dutyB.company

C.websiteD.power

4.A.compareB.improve

C.placeD.support

5.A.helpedB.reminded

C.beatD.tau