中考英语阅读题型一+完形填空含答案.docx
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中考英语阅读题型一+完形填空含答案
教学资料范本
【2020】中考英语阅读题型一+完形填空(含答案)
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阅读题型一完形填空
1..考查内容
完形填空是全国各省、地、市中考的必考题型,在中考英语试卷中一般占总分的10%—15%。
从近几年的中考命题趋势来看,完形填空基本上遵循“突出语篇,强调应用,注重实际”的设计思路,注重测试考生运用所学的知识,对文章提供的信息进行逻辑推理、分析归纳的综合能力。
完形填空考查考生对语法、词汇、句型、句式、词语惯用法等的掌握情况,特别是考查动词、名词、形容词、副词等实词,此外还有状语从句的连接词、词组搭配及常用的词语、冠词、不定代词等。
2..考查难度
完形填空题型综合性较高,难度较大。
具体地说,虽然完形填空首句不挖空,但是四个选项(个别试题给出三个选项)都有较强的迷惑性和干扰性,同时命题者加大了句子层次和语篇层次设空所占的比例,有些后置性设空的难度也较大,有的答案提示一直到篇末才出现,因此区分度较高。
3..试题特点
完形填空的基本设计形式都是从一篇短文中抽走10—15处,形成空白。
可以说完形填空是根据一篇文章所提供的情景进行的选择填空,也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情况下的阅读理解,试题特点也逐渐出现了“情景推理多,语法选项少”的趋势。
近年中考英语完形填空试题中,完全根据语法知识进行选择的很少。
有的题目,既考查语法知识,也考查意义选择,而且淡化语法知识,侧重根据文章内容确定答案的“情景意义”选择几乎已经覆盖了完形填空的全部试题。
预计20xx年中考完形填空题将继续体现“突出语篇”的命题原则,即“意义填空逐步取代语法填空”,题材和体裁的选取会更加生活化、多样化,选材内容新颖,时代感强,更加注重贴近学生的生活实际。
加大对文章的结构意义、上下文衔接、逻辑思维等内容的考查,将是中考完形填空的命题趋势。
02方法归纳能力提升化
1..重视首句,把握开篇
完形填空一般无标题,首句通常不挖空,是完整的一句。
细读首句,可判断文章体裁,同时可预测文章的主旨和大意。
2..通读全文,掌握大意
解题前,要快速通读全文,了解文章的基本内容和整体结构。
首先要跳过空白处,通读全文,遇到对意思理解不透的地方时,仍要快速阅读下去,不要把时间浪费在对个别字句的推敲上,应全力以赴捕捉可能获得的所有信息,尽快了解文章大意,弄清楚文章中涉及的“W”,即:
who(人物),what(事件),when(时间),where(地点),why(原因),whose(相互关系)。
切忌看一空填一空,以免断章取义,误解作者的本意。
3..瞻前顾后,逐步填空
“瞻前顾后”,即答题时要回顾上一句,兼顾下一句。
如果一句中有两个空白处待填,在初定答案时要“双管齐下”,在两处同时试填,然后通读全句,通过择优法或排除法最后确定答案。
4..抓住关键词,根据上下文解题
解题时,要善于发现文章中起重要作用的关键词、短语或句子,以便准确了解所提问题的特定语境以及语篇中的内在关系,做到言之有据。
比如文章的第一句、每段的第一句和最后一句等,它们往往是全文或全段的主题句,通过它们可以知道文章的题材、大意、时间、人物和事件等。
5..复读全文,验证答案
把填好的短文通读一遍,将不合题意的答案调整或修改;如果实在无法确定,可以作推理性猜测,不可放弃不填。
进行核查同时注意以下三点:
(1)上下文的一致性:
即时态语态的一致;代词、名词、单复数的一致。
(2)语法和惯用法及习惯搭配,甚至从语感入手,看是否符合上下文的逻辑。
(3)段与段、句与句之间的衔接是否连贯。
03整合集训反馈层级化
▲记叙篇
A(20xx·镇江)
Recently,IfeltlikeIreachedaverylowpointinlife..Myrelationshipsweren’tgood,Iwasn’tenjoyingmyclasses,andIfeltlikeIhadnothingto1..Mylifeseemedtobefullofendlesshomework,testsandloneliness..Nothinganyonesaidseemed2tome..Iwasn’tsurewhattodoaboutmyself..AllIwantedwastobehappyagain,butIdidn’tknowwhoorwhatwould3that..
Duringthesedays,Ihadtroublesleeping..Ihadtotakesleepingpillsbutstillwokeupinthemidnight..Ihadno4buttotellmydad..He5thebookTheSecret..Iimmediatelyboughtthee-bookonlineandreadthewholethingthatnight..I’m6quiteastubbornperson,buttheeffectonmymoodafterfinishingthebookwas7..Suddenly,Ifeltlikelifewasbeautifulagain..Ihadneverfeltsuchadeepandquick8inmylifebefore..
Infact,thebook’smessagewasverysimple—thinkpositively(积极地)..Thebookhadmanysuccessstoriesabouthowpeoplewereableto9money,soulmates(心灵伙伴)andoldfriendsbackintotheirlives..Istartedlearningtothankeverythinginmylifelikethem..Littlebylittle,IrealizedthatTheSecretcouldonlywork10Ibelievedthesepeople’ssuccessstories..
NowI’msureIcanbringmyselfhappiness..
C..lookdownonD..lookforwardto
()2..A..helpfulB..colourful
C..peacefulD..powerful
()3..A..serveB..offer
C..answerD..prevent
()4..A..problemB..idea
C..needD..doubt
()5..A..borrowedB..collected
()6..A..normallyB..mainly
C..finallyD..probably
C..obviousD..serious
()8..A..breathB..notice
C..surpriseD..change
()9..A..attractB..control
C..imagineD..mention
()10..A..untilB..when
C..unlessD..before
B(20xx·安徽)
OncetherelivedafarmercalledHenry..Hehadabrother,Mike,intownwhowasanexcellentgardener..Hisskillandhisbeautifultreeswere1everywhere..
Oneday,HenrywenttotowntovisitMike..“Look,mybrother,”saidMike,“Hereisthebest2treefrommygarden..Takeithomeand3itsothatyou,andyourchildren,andyourchildren’schildrencanenjoyit..”Henrywas4withtheappletreeandwentbackhome..Thenextmorning,hebeganto5whereheshouldplantit..
“IfIplantitonthehill,”saidhetohimself,“thewindmightcatchitand6downthefruit;IfIplantitclosetotheroad,peoplewhopassbywillpicksomeofthem;ButifIplantit…”
7heplantedthetreeinthecornerbehindhishouse,wherenooneelsecouldnoticeit..Butthetreebore(结出)nofruitthefirstyear,northesecond..ThenHenrysentforhisbrotherandsaidtohim8,“Youhavecheatedme..Thisisthethirdyearanditbringsme9butleaves..”
WhenMikesawwherethetreewasplanted,helaughedandsaid,“Youhaveplantedthetreeinsuchacoldcornerwithout10orwarmth..How,then,couldyouexpectflowersandfruit?
”
()1..A..simpleB..famous
()2..A..pearB..grape
C..appleD..banana
()3..A..sellB..wash
C..hideD..plant
()4..A..tiredB..patient
C..pleasedD..popular
()5..A..learnB..wonder
C..realizeD..understand
()6..A..putB..cut
C..pushD..shake
()7..A..FinallyB..Firstly
C..LuckilyD..Certainly
()8..A..happilyB..angrily
C..kindlyD..carelessly
()9..A..nothingB..something
C..everythingD..anything
()10..A..airB..earth
C..waterD..sunlight
C(20xx·河南)
“It’srainingcatsanddogs!
”Grandpashouted..
LittleRichiecamerunningtothewindow..Hewantedtoseethe1fallingfromthesky..Helookedoutofthewindow,butitwas2thattherewerenocatsordogs..Heonlysawsmallpoolsofwaterontheground..
“Wow!
”AuntSusieshoutedasshelookedoutofthewindow..“It’srainingreallyhard..”
Richie6hisaunt..“It’sraininghard,”heagreed,“but7arethecatsanddogs?
”
Grandpalaughed..“Richie,thatjust8it’srainingreallyhard..”
“Sowhydidn’tyoujustsaythat?
”Richie9..Itwasirritating(恼人的)whenpeoplespokeliketheywerenotspeakingEnglishatall..
“Wedid..Youjustdidn’tunderstandthese10..”Richie’scousinsaidwithabigsmile..
“Well,nowIdo..”Richiesaid..
()1..A..tigersandlionsB..pigsandsheep
C..catsanddogsD..chickensandducks
()2..A..importantB..possible
C..necessaryD..strange
()3..A..unlessB..after
C..tillD..though
()4..A..couldn’tB..shouldn’t
C..needn’tD..mustn’t
()5..A..daysB..animals
C..ideasD..people
()6..A..shoutedatB..lookedat
C..laughedatD..pointedat
()7..A..whatB..how
C..whereD..who
()8..A..explainsB..proves
C..meansD..shows
()9..A..orderedB..thought
C..repeatedD..asked
()10..A..sayingsB..questions
C..objectsD..stories
▲说明篇
A(20xx·曲靖)
Insomesciencefictionmovies,peopleinthefuturehavetheirownrobots..Theserobotsarejustlikehumans..Theyhelpwiththehouseworkanddothemost1jobs..
ButrobotscientistJamesWhitedisagrees..Hethinksthatitwillbe3forarobottodothesamethingsasaperson..Forexample,it’seasyforachildto4andknowwhereheorsheis..MrWhitethinksthatrobotswon’tbeabletodothis..Butotherscientistsdisagree..Theythinkthatrobotswillbeabletotalktopeople525to50years..
Robotscientistsarenotjusttryingtomakerobotslooklikepeople..Forexample,therearealreadyrobots6infactories..Theserobotslookmorelikehugearms..Theydosimplejobsoverandoveragain..Peoplewouldnotliketodosuchjobsandwouldgetbored..Butrobotswill7getbored..
()1..A..unpleasantB..pleasant
C..boredD..interesting
()2..A..todoB..doing
C..doD..did
()3..A..easyB..possible
C..excitingD..hard
()4..A..lookupB..wakeup
C..turnupD..putup
()5..A..afterB..before
C..aboutD..in
()6..A..workB..working
C..toworkD..worked
()7..A..noB..ever
C..neverD..always
()8..A..lessB..alittle
C..fewerD..afew
()9..A..namesB..colors
C..sizesD..shapes
()10..A..turtlesB..snakes
C..monstersD..spiders
B(20xx·安徽)
InChina,veryfewchildrenmakepocketmoney..1,inwesterncountries,mostkidsmakepocketmoneybythemselves..Theymakemoneyinmanydifferent2..
Whenkidsareveryyoung,theirparentshelpthemsellthefruitsoftheirowntreestoneighbours..Kidsmayalsohelp3dohouseworktomakemoneyathome..Whenthey4sixteen,theycanmakemoneybysendingnewspapersorbyworkinginfastfoodrestaurants,5duringthesummerholidays..
Therearemany6ofmakingpocketmoneybykidsthemselves..Firstofall,theylearnthe7ofmoneybyworkinghardsothattheywillnotwasteany..Secondly,theylearnto8moneytobuythingstheyneedorwant,suchasbooks,pencils,movies,andevenclothestheylike..Thirdly,theylearnto9thedailylifeproblemsbyhelpingtheirparentsorothers..Makingpocketmoneyis10forchildrenwhentheygrowup..Thatiswhyparentsencouragetheirkidstomakepocketmoney..
()1..A..AlsoB..Anyway
C..HoweverD..Besides
()2..A..waysB..levels
C..homesD..countries
()3..A..teachersB..friends
C..parentsD..neighbours
()4..A..getB..have
C..catchD..reach
()5..A..reallyB..hardly
C..properlyD..especially
()6..A..choicesB..advantages
C..problemsD..lessons
()7..A..funB..value
C..messageD..purpose
()8..A..countB..waste
C..manageD..change
()9..A..giveupB..lookup
C..dealwithD..meetwith
()10..A..helpfulB..careful
C..beautifulD..successful
C(20xx·呼和浩特)
Earlyinthemorning,atnoon,orintheeveninginbigcitiesandinthecountryside,allovertheUnitedStates,youcanseeAmericansrunning—menandwomen,youngandold..Peoplerun1—alongthebeachesofCalifornia,2CentralParkinNewYork,downquietstreetsinsmalltownsoratthegym..Somepeopleevenrunin3livingrooms..
Runningwasn’tsopopularinthepast..Inthe1960s,runnersweremostlyathletesandhealthystrongpeople..Whenpeoplesawarunner,theyused4,“Hey,what’sthehurryfor?
”ortheymightsayto5,“Ishecrazy?
”Atthattime,womenalmostneverran..Iftheydid,theymightbelaughedat..Buttodayallthesehave6..Menandwomenofall7enjoyrunning..
DoctorssaymanyofthehealthproblemsintheUnitedStates8thesebadhabits:
eatingtoomuch,smokingcigarettes,andtaking9exercise..Doctorstellus,“Eatless,don’tsmoke,andexercisemore..”Runningisagoodexercise10ithelpsbuildstrongheartsandlungs..Italsohelpsmostpeopleloseweight..
()1..A..anywhereB..somewhere
C..everywhereD..nowhere
()2..A..amo