自动化专业中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

自动化专业中英文对照外文翻译文献.docx

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中英文对照外文翻译

Automationofprofessionaldevelopment

Automationinthehistoryofprofessionaldevelopment,"industrialautomation"professionaland"control"professionaldevelopmentofthetwomainline,"industrialautomation"professionalfromthefirst"industrialenterpriseselectrified"professional.

Inthe1950s,theNewChinawasjustfounded,the100-waste

question, study the Soviet Union established system of highereducation, Subdivision professional. Corresponding tothecountryintheconstruction ofindustrial automation anddefense, militaryconstruction in automatic control, successively set up the"electrificationofindustrialenterprises"professionaland"control"professional （atthattimeinmanyschools,"Control"professionalsecrecyisprofessional）.Afterseveralformerprofessionalnameofevolution（seebelow）,andgraduallydevelopintoa"biasedtowardsapplications, biasedtowardsstrong,"Automation, andthelattertomaintainprofessionalnameof"control"basicallyunchanged（intheearly days also known asthe"automatic learning Andremotelearning,""AutomaticControlSystem"professional）,andgraduallydevelopintoa"biasedtowardstheory,biasedtowardsweak,"theautomationprofessional,andcometogetherin1995,mergedintoa

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unified" automatic "professional . In 1998, according to theMinistry of Education announced the latest professionalundergraduate colleges and universities directory, adjusted, themergerofthenew"automated" professional includenotonlytheoriginal"automatic"professional（including"industrialautomation"professional and "control" professional ）, Also increased the"hydraulic transmission and controlof"professional（part）,"electricaltechnology"professional（part）and"aircraftguidanceandcontrolof"professional（part）.

Clearly,oneofChina'sautomation professional historyofthedevelopment of China's higher education actually is a newdevelopmentofthecauseofamicrocosmofthehistory,butalsothehistoryofNewChinaindustrialdevelopmentofaminiature.Below"industrial automation" professional development ofthemainlineofthisexample,adetailedreviewofitsdevelopmentprocessinthemanyprofessional namechange（inrealtermsintheprofessionalcontentchanges）anditsindustrialbuildingatthetimeofthecloserelationship.

FirstabrieflookattheworldandChina'sprofessionaldivisionhistory.Weknowthatnowusetheprofessional divisionislargelyfromthe19thcenturytothebeginningofthesecondhalfofthefirsthalfofthe20thcenturystereotypesoftheengineering,isbasicallyindustry（products）fortheobjectstothedivision, theyhavebeentheimageofpeopleKnownasthe"industryprofessionals"or"tradeassociations." Atpresenttheinternational educationsystemintwocategories,withBritainandtheUnitedStatesastherepresentative

oftheeducation system notyetoutof"industry professionals"system,buthastakenthe"generalist"theroadofeducationandtheformerSovietUnionforEurope（closetotheSovietUnion）astherepresentative The education system, at the beginning of the

implementationof"professionals"education,professional-verysmall,althoughreformsrepeatedly,buttothecurrent"industryprofessionals"arestillveryobviouscharacteristics.

In the 1950s, just after the founding of New China, acomprehensive studyandtheSoviet Unionandsub-professionalverysmall;Sincereformandopeningup,onlytoBritainandtheUnitedStatestogradually astherepresentative oftheeducationsystemtomovecloser,andgraduallyreducetheprofessional, theimplementation of "generalist" education through anumber ofprofessional Restructuring and merger （the total number ofprofessionals from the maximum of1,343kindsofgraduallyreducingthecurrent249kinds）,althoughnotoutof"industryprofessionals"and"MeiMing,"butmanyofthecollegesanduniversities,mostlyonlyoneofaProfessional,ratherthanthepastmorethanaprofessional.

Before that, China's first professional automation from the

NationalUniversity in1952whenthefirstmajorreadjustment oftheestablishmentofprofessional-electrifiedprofessionalindustrialenterprises. At that time, the Soviet Union assistance to theconstructionofChina's156largeindustrialenterprises,automationofmuch-neededelectricalengineeringandtechnicalpersonnel,andsuchprofessional andtechnical personnel training, andthenwasveryconsistentwithChina'sindustrialconstruction. Bythe1960s,professional namechangedto"industrial electricandautomation,"the late 1970s when to resume enrollment "Electric IndustrialAutomation" professional. This is not only professionalnamechanges,buthasitsprofoundmeaning,itreflectsChina'sindustriesfrom"electrified"stepbysteptothe"automatic"intothereal

historyandthatpartofthedevelopmenttrendofChina'sautomationprofessional reflectshowurgentcountriesUrgentforthecountry's

economic construction services that period of history anddevelopmentofrealdirection.

1993,afterfouryearsofthethirdrevisionoftheundergraduate

professional directories, theStateEducationCommission issuedacall "system integrity, more scientific and reasonable, theharmonization ofnorms," the"ordinary professional directory ofundergraduate colleges and universities." "Electric IndustrialAutomation" and"production processautomation" mergerofthetwo professional electrician to set up a kind of "industrialautomation"professional,bythethenMinistryofIndustryMachinerycentralizedmanagementcollegesanduniversitiestosetupindustrialautomationteachingguideattheCommission,responsibleforthe"IndustrialAutomation"professionalteaching

andguidingworkatthesametime,"Control"wasattributabletotheprofessionalcategoryofelectronicinformation,thethenMinistryofIndustry ofelectronic centralized management control tosetupcolleges and universities teaching guide at the Commission,responsibleforthe"control"Professionalteachingguideourwork.

Aftertheprofessional adjustment, furtherdefined the"industrialautomation" professional and"control"professional "-bothstrongandweak,hardware andsoftware intoconsideration andcontroltheoryandpracticalsystemintegration,andthemovementcontrol,process control and other targets of control "The commoncharacteristicswiththetrainingobjectives,butalsothebasicsetof"industrial automation "biasedtowardsstrong,professional, biasedtowardsapplications," Control"professional biasedtowardsweak,biasedtowardsthetheoryofprofessionalcharacteristicsandpatternof division of labor. 1995, the State Education Commissionpromulgated the"（University） undergraduateengineeringleadingprofessionaldirectory",theelectricalcategory"industrial

automation" professional andtheoriginal electronic informationsuchas"control"ofprofessionalelectronicinformationintoanewcategory of "automatic" professional .As this is the leadingprofessional directory, are not enforced, coupled with general"industrial automation" strongorweak,bothprofessional "into"aweak professional category of electronic information is notconducive toprofessional development andthusmanySchoolsremain"industrialautomation"professionaland"control"thesituationofprofessionalco-exist.Since1996more,againcommissionedbytheMinistryofNationalEducationMinistryofIndustryandelectronicmachineryindustriesofotherpartsoftheestablishmentofthenewsession（secondsession）centralizedmanagementguidanceattheUniversityTeachingCommission,makingtheleadingprofessionalshavenotbeeneffectiveImplemented.

1998,tomeetthecountry's economic construction ofKuan

Koujing personnel training needs, further consolidation ofprofessional andinternational "generalist" education trackbytheMinistry ofEducation announced afourthrevision ofthelatest"Universities Undergraduate Catalog." Sofarintheuseofthedirectory, the total number of professionals from the thirdamendmentstothe504kindsofsubstantiallyreducedto249species,theoriginaldirectoryisstrong,professionalelectricianandaweakprofessional category such as electronics and information intocategoriesElectricpower,theunityofInformation,aformerelectricianatthesametimekindof"industrialautomation"professionalandthetypeofelectronicinformation"control"professionalformalmerger,togetherwiththe"hydraulictransmissionandcontrolof"professional（part）,"Electrictechnology"professional（part）and"aircraftguidanceandcontrol

of"professional （part）,thecomposition ofthenew（enforcement）are electrical information such as "automatic" professional.According tostatistics, sofarthe country hasmore than200colleges and universities set up this kind of "automatic"professional.Ifthenameofautomationaspartoftheirprofessionalexpertise （such as "electrical engineering and automation,""mechanical designandmanufacturing automation," "agriculturalmechanization andautomation" andotherprofessionals）includedAutomationhasundoubtedlyisthelargestinChinaAprofessional.

OfthecharacteristicsofChina'sautomationprofessional:

RecallingChina'sprofessionalhistoryofthedevelopmentofautomation,combinedwiththecorrespondingperiodoftheconstructionofChina'snational