2023年《国家航空科技优先事项》英文电子版.pdf

2023年《国家航空科技优先事项》英文电子版.pdf

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NATIONALAERONAUTICSSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGYPRIORITIESProductoftheAERONAUTICSINTERAGENCYWORKINGGROUPoftheNATIONALSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYCOUNCILMarch2023NATIONALAERONAUTICSSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYPRIORITIESiiAbouttheOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicyTheOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicy（OSTP）wasestablishedbytheNationalScienceandTechnologyPolicy,Organization,andPrioritiesActof1976toprovidethePresidentandotherswithintheExecutiveOfficeofthePresidentwithadviceonthescientific,engineering,andtechnologicalaspectsoftheeconomy,nationalsecurity,homelandsecurity,health,foreignrelations,theenvironment,andthetechnologicalrecoveryanduseofresources,amongothertopics.OSTPleadsinteragencyscienceandtechnologypolicycoordinationefforts,assiststheOfficeofManagementandBudgetwithanannualreviewandanalysisofFederalresearchanddevelopment（R&D）inbudgets,andservesasasourceofscientificandtechnologicalanalysisandjudgmentforthePresidentwithrespecttomajorpolicies,plans,andprogramsoftheFederalgovernment.Moreinformationisavailableathttps:

/www.whitehouse.gov/ostp.AbouttheNationalScienceandTechnologyCouncilTheNationalScienceandTechnologyCouncil（NSTC）istheprincipalmeansbywhichtheExecutiveBranchcoordinatesscienceandtechnologypolicyacrossthediverseentitiesthatmakeuptheFederalresearchanddevelopmententerprise.AprimaryobjectiveoftheNSTCistoensurescienceandtechnologypolicydecisionsandprogramsareconsistentwiththePresidentsstatedgoals.TheNSTCpreparesresearchanddevelopmentstrategiesthatarecoordinatedacrossFederalagenciesaimedataccomplishingmultiplenationalgoals.TheworkoftheNSTCisorganizedundercommitteesthatoverseesubcommitteesandworkinggroupsfocusedondifferentaspectsofscienceandtechnology.Moreinformationisavailableathttps:

/www.whitehouse.gov/ostp/nstc.AboutAeronauticsInteragencyWorkingGroupTheAeronauticsInteragencyWorkingGroupcoordinatesscienceandtechnologypolicy,strategy,andFederalR&DpertainingtoprioritizinganddevelopingtheU.S.GovernmentsstrategyforaeronauticstechnologiesundertheauspicesofOSTP.ThiseffortaimstoensurethatU.S.leadershipinalltopicspertainingtoaeronautics,includingaviationandspace,forscientificresearchandtechnologicalapplicationsismaintainedandexpanded.AboutthisDocumentThisdocumentoutlinesUnitedStatesGovernmentstrategicprioritiestoexpandU.S.leadership,enableU.S.government-widecollaboration,andsupportpublic-privatepartnershipstoensurecontinuedsuccessinaeronautics.Itupdatesthe“2006NationalAeronauticsR&DPolicy”,whichcoordinatedandprovidedplanningguidancefortheconductofU.S.aeronauticsR&Dthrough2020.CopyrightInformationThisdocumentisaworkoftheUnitedStatesGovernmentandisinthepublicdomain（see17U.S.C.105）.Subjecttothestipulationsbelow,itmaybedistributedandcopiedwithacknowledgmenttoOSTP.Copyrightstographicsincludedinthisdocumentarereservedbytheoriginalcopyrightholdersortheirassigneesandareusedhereunderthegovernmentslicenseandbypermission.RequeststouseanyimagesmustbemadetotheprovideridentifiedintheimagecreditsortoOSTPifnoproviderisidentified.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica,2023.NATIONALAERONAUTICSSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYPRIORITIESiiiNATIONALSCIENCE&TECHNOLOGYCOUNCILChairAratiPrabhakarAssistanttothePresidentandDirector,WhiteHouseOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicyExecutiveDirector（Acting）KeiKoizumiPrincipalDeputyDirectorforPolicyWhiteHouseOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicyAERONAUTICSINTERAGENCYWORKINGGROUPChairEzinneUzo-Okoro,AssistantDirector,WhiteHouseOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicySeniorPolicyAdvisorGrantFarnsworth,WhiteHouseOfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicyMembersDepartmentofCommerceMeredithBrownHazelRosenblum-SellersKimWellsDepartmentofDefenseVictoriaColemanJarretLafleurWalterRutledgeMichaelWhiteDepartmentofEnergyBrianCunninghamThomasDoZiaHaqGlenWattmanDepartmentofTransportationPeterIrvineChristopherDorbianJamesHilemanChristopherLoringArthurOrtonRyanSteinbachNationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationRobertPearceJonMontgomeryMichaelONeilNationalScienceFoundationRonaldJoslinNationalTransportationSafetyBoardJoeSedorNationalSecurityCouncilStevenWilloughbyOfficeofManagementandBudgetCarlBarrickSamuelBlackAndreaPetroOfficeoftheNationalCyberDirectorDevinLynchNATIONALAERONAUTICSSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYSTRATEGICPRIORITIESivTABLEOFCONTENTSExecutiveSummary5Introduction6StrategicPriorities7I.AchievingSustainableAviation7II.TransformingtheNationalAirspaceSystem8III.PromotingConnectivityandSpeed9GuidingPrinciples111.PromotingSafety112.ProtectingtheEnvironment113.AdvancingGlobalEconomicCompetitiveness114.AcceleratingInnovation125.StrengtheningNationalSecurity126.DevelopingtheWorkforce137.PrioritizingEquitableAccesstoAirTransportation13RoleoftheU.S.Government13DepartmentofCommerce（DOC）14DepartmentofDefense（DoD）15DepartmentofEnergy（DOE）16DepartmentofTransportation（DOT）16NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministration（NASA）17NationalScienceFoundation（NSF）18NationalTransportationSafetyBoard（NTSB）19Acknowledgements19NATIONALAERONAUTICSSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYPRIORITIES5ExecutiveSummarySincethedevelopmentofaircraftandtheadventofheavier-than-airflight,theUnitedStateshasbeenaworldleaderinaeronauticsresearchandtechnologies.TheBiden-HarrisAdministrationhasavisionforcontinuedgloballeadershipinaeronautics.Thisdocumentdescribesthatvision,asmanifestedbytheU.S.Governmentstopaeronauticsstrategicpriorities,andasshapedbytheU.S.Governmentsguidingprinciples.Assuch,thisdocumentupdatesandreplacesthe“2006NationalAeronauticsResearchandDevelopmentPolicy”.TheU.S.Governmentstopaeronauticsstrategicprioritiesare:

（1）achievingsustainableaviation;

（2）transformingthenationalairspacesystem;and（3）promotingconnectivityandspeed.TheU.S.GovernmentiscommittedtoachievingsustainableaviationtoreduceandeventuallyeliminatethegreenhousegasemissionsfromaviationbyimplementingtheU.S.2021AviationClimateActionPlanandtheClimateAdaptationPlansforeachFederaldepartmentandagency.Maintainingthenationsedgeinaeronauticsrequiresincreaseduseofdata,software,automation,andartificialintelligencetointegratedrones,AdvancedAirMobilityaircraft,andotheremergingtechnologiesintotheNationalAirspaceSystem.TheU.S.Governmentwillalsotransitionitslegacysystems,andmodernizeandadaptregulatoryandoperationalstructures.Itwillcontinuetoinvestinmaintaining,enhancing,andadvancingnationalsecuritythroughsuperioraircraftandtechnologies,fromsubsonicthroughhypersonictechnologies,thatemphasizespeed.TheU.S.GovernmentwillalsopromoteconnectivitythroughsupportingthedevelopmentofAdvancedAirMobilitytoenablemoreconnectionstolessutilizedairportsandunderservedcommunities,andacompetitiveairlineindustrythatresultsinlowercostsforairtravel.Acrossallpriorities,theU.S.Governmentseffortswillbeguidedbytheseprinciples,whichreflectenduringAmericanvalues:

（1）Safety,

（2）Environment,（3）EconomicCompetitiveness,（4）Innovation,（5）Security,（6）Workforce,and（7）Equity.Thechoicesandinvestmentsmadetodaywilldetermineourcompetitivepositionlongintothefuture.Byhighlightingtheseprioritiesandprinciples,itistheBiden-HarrisAdministrationsintenttoempoweraeronauticsstakeholdersacrosstheU.S.Governmentandprivatesectortoworkcollaborativelytowardachievingthesegoals.TheUnitedStateswillremaingloballycompetitiveinaeronauticsinnovationsthroughground-breakingresearchanddevelopment（R&D）,theimplementationofefficient,timelyregulations,andclosecooperationwithdomesticandinternationalpartners.Byachievingthethreetopaeronauticsstrategicpriorities,theBiden-HarrisAdministrationwillensurethattheUnitedStatesremainsthegloballeaderinaeronauticsinthe21stcenturyandbeyond.NATIONALAERONAUTICSSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYPRIORITIES6IntroductionU.S.leadershipintheaeronauticsenterprisehaslongunderpinnedeconomicprosperityandnationalsecurity.Theaeronauticsenterprisecomprisescivilandmilitaryaircraftandaviationsystems,theairtransportationmanagementsystem,aviationinfrastructure,andthepeopleinvolvedintheresearch,design,development,manufacture,operationanduseoftheseaircraftandaviationsystems.TheaeronauticsenterpriseisanintegralpartoftheU.S.economy,annuallygenerating4.9percentofU.S.grossdomesticproduct$1.9trillionintotaleconomicactivityin2019andmorethan10millionjobs.1Theaeronauticssectorisalsoamajorexporter,thesecondlargestmanufacturingexportsectorintheUnitedStates,generating$148billioninexportsin2019.2Fromnext-generationfuels,toadvancesinaircraftdesign,toimprovementsintheaviationinfrastructure,theaeronauticsenterpriseispoisedfordisruptionandtransformation.Assuch,continuedinvestmentinstate-of-the-artaeronauticsresearchanddevelopment（R&D）iscriticaltoensurethecontinuedvitalityofthisimportantsector.Oneofthemajorchallengesfacingtheglobalaviationindustryistoreducetheclimateimpactsofaviation.Consistentwiththe2021AviationClimateActionPlan3andnationalsecuritypolicies,theU.S.Governmentwillprioritizeeffortstoreduceandultimatelyachievenet-zeroemissionsfromUnitesStatesaviationby2050.Theseeffortsincludeimprovedefficiencyinflightoperations,innovationsinengineandaircrafttechnology,andtheuse