高考英语语法复习课件-虚拟语气及相关练习题.ppt

高考英语语法复习课件-虚拟语气及相关练习题.ppt

《高考英语语法复习课件-虚拟语气及相关练习题.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语语法复习课件-虚拟语气及相关练习题.ppt（40页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

虚拟语气,wish引导的虚拟句,IwishIrememberedtheaddress.,我要是记得地址就好了。

（真可惜我忘了）,Iwishhehadnotleft.,要是他没有离开这里就好了。

（他已离开）,Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.,要是明天下雨就好了。

（说话人以预料明天不会下雨）,wish+thatclause,did/were,haddone,would/might/woulddo,wish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,Exercises:

“HaveyouvisitedtheScienceMuseum?

”“No,butIreallywishI_.”,A.hadB.didC.haveD.will,A,Ididntgototheparty,butIdowishI_there.,A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.went,C,IwishI_youyesterday.,A.seeB.didseeC.hadseenD.weretosee,C,Thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.IwishI_toit.,A.hadntgoneB.haventgoneC.didntgoD.couldnothavegone,A,HowIwishI_that!

Everybodypresentwasangrywithme.,A.didntgoB.hadntdoneC.wouldntdoD.wasntdoing,B,-Heisabraveman.-Yes,IwishI_hiscourage.,A.HaveB.hadC.willhaveD.wouldhave,B,Tomcantakehiscarapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe_mehow.,A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach,D,Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.,A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken,C,Theactoris58yearsold.Butheactsasifhe_ayoungman.,A.isB.willbeC.amD.were,D,Thecloudsaregettingdarkeranddarker.Itlooksasifit_rain.,A.isgoingtoB.willC.wasgoingtoD.would,A,HowIwishI_suchagoodchancebefore.,A.didntseeB.hadntmissedC.metD.havegot,B,Iwishtherain_stop.,A.willB.wouldC.mayD.can,B,Shesingsasifshe_aboy.,A.isB.wasC.wereD.are,C,Wefeltasifwe_eachotherforyears.,A.knewB.wereknowingC.hadknownD.haveknowing,C,if引导的虚拟条件句,If+主+did（were）,主+would/should/could/might+动词原形,IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,Ifhewerefree,hewouldgowithyou.,1.如果我是你，我会再试一次。

2.如果他有空，他会与你一起去的。

3.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。

IfIhadonemilliondollars,Iwouldbuytheplane.,与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句,If+主+haddonesth,主+would/should/could/might+动词完成式（havedone）,Ifhehadworkedhard,hewouldhavepassedtheexamination.,1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试。

Ifhehadbeenthere,hecouldhaveseenthefilm,IfIhadmarriedher,Iwouldhavebeenunhappy.,3.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。

2.如果他那时在那儿的话，他就能看到那部电影了。

与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句（通常有时间状语）,Ifhecameheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhimaboutit.,Ifheweretocomeheretomorrow,Iwouldtellhim.,1.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事.,2.如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他.,If+主+did（wereto/shoulddo）,主+would/should/could/might+动词原形,条件状语的倒装：

如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：

Were/Should/Had+主+其他,WereIyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,Hadhebeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.,Shoulditsnowtomorrow,wewouldntgoout.,IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.,Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldntgoout.,Ifyou_tomorrow,you_findthenewmanagerworkingintheoffice.,A.shouldcome;wouldB.wouldcome;wouldC.willcome;shouldD.comes;might,A,Iftheparents_atthehospitalearlieraftertheaccident,thechildwouldhavebeensaved.,A.arrivesB.arriveC.hadarrivedD.hasarrived,C,Ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_,shewouldhavemetmybrother.,A.hascomeB.didcomeC.cameD.hadcome,D,Ifmylawyer_herelastSunday,he_mefromgoing.,A.hadbeen;wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen;wouldpreventC.were;wouldpreventD.were;wouldhaveprevented,A,Ifhe_he_thatfood.,Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.,A.waswarned;wouldnothavetakenB.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenC.wouldbewarned;hadnottakenD.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken,B,Ifthedoctorhadcomeearlier,thepoorchild_.,A.wouldntbelyingtherefortwohoursB.wouldnthavelaidtherefortwohoursC.wouldnthaveliedtherefortwohoursD.wouldnthavelaintherefortwohours,D,Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_himattheairport.,A.wouldmeetB.wouldhadmeetC.wouldhavemetD.wouldhavemeet,C,Iftherewerenorsubjunctivemood,English_mucheasier.,A.WillbeB.wouldhavebeenC.couldhavebeenD.wouldbe,D,_theexam,hewouldhaveattendacollege.,A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.Ifheshouldpass,B,_fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.,A.IfyoushouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.Shouldyouarrive,C,_itraintomorrow,weshouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum.,A.WereB.shouldC.wouldD.will,B,1.TheboywhowentswimmingintheNo-swimmingZonedrownedintheriver.,IftheboyhadntgoneswimmingintheNo-swimmingZone,hewouldnthavedrownedintheriver.,HadtheboynotgoneswimmingintheNo-swimmingZone,hewouldnthavedrownedintheriver.,2.Billywasbadlybittenbymosquitoesbecauseheforgottousethemosquitonetlastnight.,IfBillyhadrememberedtousethemosquitonetlastnight,hewouldnothavebeenbittenby,HadBillyrememberedtousethemosquitonetlastnight,hewouldnothavebeenbittenby,3.Themothercarelesslyputtheknifewithinthebabysreach,andthebabycutherselfwhileplayingit.,Ifthemotherhadcarefullyputtheknifeoutofthebabysreach,thebabywouldnthavecutherself.,Hadthemothercarefullyputtheknifeoutofthebabysreach,thebabywouldnthavecutherself.,4.Thestudentsgotfood-poisoningaftereatingthepotatoesinthedining-room.,Ifthestudentshadnoteatenthepotatoesinthedinning-room,theywouldnthavegotfood-poisoning.,Hadthestudentsnoteatenthepotatoesinthedinning-room,theywouldnthavegotfood-poisoning.,5.Theparentsputthethermosontheground.Theirsonkickeditandgotburnt.,Iftheparentshadputthethermosinasafeplace,theirsonwouldnthavekickeditandgotburnt.,Hadtheparentsputthethermosinasafeplace,theirsonwouldnthavekickeditandgotburnt.,假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。

主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。

Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteachersadvice,youwouldntbeinthehospital.,经典题目1.Ifyou_himyesterday,you_whattodonow.askedwouldknowhadaskedwouldhaveknownC.askedhimknowD.hadaskedwouldknow2.Whatwouldhavehappened,_asfarastheriverbank?

A.BobhadwalkedfartherB.ifBobshouldwalkfartherC.hadBobwalkedfartherD.ifBobwalkedfarther,C,D,3.HowIwisheveryfamily_alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!

（02上海）A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad4.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit_.（95N）A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken,B,C,名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词,名词性从句的虚拟语气。

主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。

宾语从句。

常见动词：

一个坚持：

insist两个命令：

order,command三个建议：

advise,suggest,propose五个要求：

demand,require,request,desireask,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。

即从句中的动词使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。

我们建议Tom去休息一下。

他坚决要求我到场。

国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。

他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。

WesuggestedthatTom（should）havearest.,HeinsistedthatI（should）bepresent.,Thekingorderedthattheprisoners（should）bekilledthenextday.,Theyrequestedthatwe（should）sendthemtoworkthere.,2、以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。

从句中的动词形式一样。

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,Itssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown.,2）wouldratherthat-,现在：

过去：

未来：

过去时,过去时,过去完成时,我宁愿你不去做这件事。

Idratheryoudidntdoit.我宁愿你明天来。

Idratheryoucametomorrow.你要是没把那个消息告诉她就好了。

Ihadratheryouhadnttoldherthenews.,3）asif/though+从句,现在：

过去：

过去时,过去完成时,Helooksasifheweredrunk.,Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.,Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.,4.Itshightime+that-,should+V.,过去时,你该走了。

孩子们该睡觉了。

Itshightimethatyouwent.Itshightimethatyouweregoing.Itshightimethatyoushouldgo.,Itstimethatchildrenwenttobed.Itstimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.,butfor,without,or,otherwise等，引导的虚拟结构叫【含蓄条件句】，本质上不是从句，只是短语结构，但是能够表达虚拟条件，可以替换为虚拟条件句。

Butforyourhelp,Icouldnthavefinisheditsosuccessfully!

=Withoutyourhelp,=Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,Withoutsunlight,peopleslifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldnthavefinishedthework.Butforwater,itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert.,ifonly引起的表示愿望的感叹句中要用虚拟语气（和wish后宾语从句谓语动词的形式一样），意为“但愿”“要是就好了”。

例如：

我要是年轻10岁就好了。

IfonlyIweretenyearsyounger.我要是听了她的建议多好。

IfonlyIhadlistenedtoheradvice.要是他能来就好了！

Oh，ifonlyhewouldcome！

那张相片要是没丢该多好啊！

Ifonlythatphotographwerentmissing.,8）Itsnecessary/strange/natural/important+that-从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形,1.Itisimportantthatwe（should）masteraforeignlanguage.2.Itisstrangethatsherefusetocometotheparty.3.Itsnecessarythatweshouldstudyhard.,陈述语气与虚拟语气典型例题5）Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_.A.willrainB.rainsC.rainedD.israined6）-Wouldyouhavecalledherup_possible?

-Yes,butI_busydoingmyhomework.A.haditbeenwasB.ifitwaswereC.ifithadbeenhadbeenD.ifitwerewouldbe,B,该句为陈述语气，因为主句用的是willbeputoff。

真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时代将来时。

问句中用的是虚拟语气，主句用wouldhavecalled,从句中与过去相反的动词形式为haddone；答句中表示的是真实的情况，所以该用陈述语气。

A,高考题点击7）Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.A.drovedidntgetB.haddrivenwouldnthavegotC.drovewouldntgetD.weredrivingwouldntget8）ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_inlove,attheageofseven,withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.（02上海）A.wouldnthavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall,前句用的是陈述语气，表示过去发生的事；后句是虚拟语气，表示与过去相反。

B,B,该句主句中用的是与现在相反的虚拟语气，而从句中使用的是与过去相反的虚拟语气。

全句意思为“如果我不在七岁时迷上了我们家乡的MelindaCoxLibrary，我真不能想象我今天会做什么。

”,