英国议会制辩论赛规则.docx

英国议会制辩论赛规则.docx

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英国议会制辩论赛规则

Four-TeamParliamentaryDebateRules

议会制四队辩论赛规则

TherulesofFour-TeamParliamentaryDebateareintendedtocloselyfollowtheWUDC.

议会制四队辩论赛谨遵循世界大专辩论赛（WUDC）的规则。

TheTeamsandMotions

TheteamssupportingthemotionintheFour-TeamParliamentaryDebatearereferredtoasthe"Proposition."Theteamsarguingagainstthemotionareknownasthe"Opposition"teams.

A“motion”isthestatementaroundwhichthedebatetakesplace.ThemotiondividesthegroundinthedebatebetweenthePropositionandOppositionteamsandshouldallowforreasonableargumentsbothforandagainst.

Ordinarily,motionsareannouncedshortlybeforeeachdebatebegins.Adifferentmotionwillbeusedforeachdebateandwillbepresentedtothedebatersataspecifiedtime,usuallyfifteentothirtyminutespriortothedebate.Insomesituationsgeneraltopicareas（forexample“environment”or“internationalrelations”）orevenspecificmotionsthemselvesmaybeannouncedpriortothetournament.

参赛队伍及辩题

在议会制四队辩论赛中，支持辩题的队伍为“正方”，反对辩题的队伍为“反方”。

“辩题”，即辩论所围绕展开的议题。

辩题将辩手分为正反两方，且双方均有合理辩论的余地。

通常，辩题于各轮比赛开始前十五或三十分钟公布；每轮辩题均不相同。

有时，辩题范围（如“环境问题”，“国际关系”等）甚至辩题本身也会在大赛开始前公布。

Themotionwillbeannouncedtoalldebaterssimultaneouslyinacentrallocation.Preparationtimewillbebetweenfifteenandthirtyminutes,atthediscretionofthetournamentdirector.Ingeneral,debatersmayconferwiththeirdebatepartnerduringpreparationtime.Insomecases,aTournamentDirectormayallowdebaterstoconferwiththeircoachortutor.Duringthistimethedebatersmayconsultanywrittenmaterials.TherulesoftheWorldUniversitiesDebatingChampionshipspermitdebaterstoaccessanywrittenmaterialduringthedebate;othertournamentspermitthedebaterstoaccessonlythenotestheymadeinpreparationtime.Electronicretrievaldevicestypicallyarenotallowedduringpreparation,thoughelectronicdictionariestypicallyarepermittedforsecond-languagespeakers.

辩题将在一个中央地点向所有辩手公布。

准备时间为十五至三十分钟，由大赛主办方规定。

通常，辩手在准备时间内可以与自己的搭档讨论。

某些情况下，主办方也允许辩手与教练或带队老师讨论。

此间，辩手可以参阅任何纸质资料。

世界大专辩论赛允许辩手在辩论过程中使用任何纸质材料；而其他比赛仅允许辩手在准备时间内使用事前准备好的资料。

准备期间，通常可以使用电子词典，但禁止使用其它一切电子设备。

TheDebateFormat

Fourteamsparticipateineachdebate:

twoonthePropositionandtwoontheOpposition.Eachteamworksindependentlytoeithersupportoropposethemotion.Eachteamismadeupoftwospeakers;eachspeakerwillpresentaspeechnottoexceed7minutesintheorderprescribedbelow.

辩论模式

每场辩论由四队参加：

正方两队，反方两队。

各队独立准备。

每队两名辩手，每位辩手按如下顺序陈词，不超过7分钟。

SummaryoftheDebateFormat

Team

CommonTitlesforSpeaker

Time

1stProposition,1stSpeaker

“PrimeMinister”

7minutes

1stOpposition,1stSpeaker

“LeaderoftheOpposition”

7minutes

1stProposition,2ndSpeaker

“DeputyPrimeMinister

7minutes

1stOpposition,2ndSpeaker

“DeputyLeaderoftheOpposition”

7minutes

2ndProposition,1stSpeaker

“MemberfortheGovernment”

7minutes

2ndOpposition,1stSpeaker

“MemberfortheOpposition”

7minutes

2ndProposition,2ndSpeaker

“GovernmentWhip”

7minutes

2ndOpposition,2ndSpeaker

“OppositionWhip

7minutes

辩论模式简要

辩手

辩手名称

时间

正方一队，一辩

首相"PrimeMinister"

7分钟

反方一队，一辩

反对党领袖"LeaderoftheOpposition"

7分钟

正方一队，二辩

副首相"DeputyPrimeMinister"

7分钟

反方一队，二辩

反对党副领袖"DeputyLeaderoftheOpposition"

7分钟

正方二队，一辩

内阁成员"MemberfortheGovernment"

7分钟

反方二队，一辩

反对党成员"MemberfortheOpposition"

7分钟

正方二队，二辩

内阁党鞭陈词"GovernmentWhip"

7分钟

反方二队，二辩

反对党党鞭陈词"OppositionWhip"

7分钟

ParliamentaryPointsofInformation

Debatersmayofferapointofinformation（eitherverballyorbyrising）atanytimeafterthefirstminute,andbeforethelastminute,ofanyspeech.Thedebaterholdingthefloormayacceptorrefusepointsofinformation.Ifaccepted,thedebatermakingtherequesthasfifteensecondspresentthepointofinformation.Duringthepointofinformation,thespeakingtimeofthefloordebatercontinues.

Ifaccepted,thedebaterofferingthepointofinformationisallowedtoaskaquestion,offerabriefargument,orofferabriefrefutationofsomepoint.Thedebaterwhoacceptedthepointofinformationshouldrespondtothepointimmediately.

Nootherparliamentarypointssuchaspointsoforderorpointsofpersonalprivilegeareallowed.

议会制辩论质询

在所有陈词中，除第一分钟及最后一分钟外，辩手都可以口头示意或直接起立提出质询。

正在发言的辩手可以接受或拒绝该质询。

一旦质询被接受，质询者有15秒的时间陈述自己的意见。

质询时间将被计算在陈词时间内。

如质询被接受，质询者可以提问、提出一个简要论点或者对某一观点进行简要反驳。

正在发言的辩手应该立即对质询作出回应。

议会制辩论中只允许质询这一种干预形式。

SpeakerRolesandSpeechPurposes

Eachspeakerhasaroleandeachspeechshouldhaveapurpose.Thedescriptionsofspeakerrolesandspeechpurposeslistedbelowaresuggestiveandarenotintendedtobeexhaustiveorexclusive.Forreasonsthatvaryfromdebatetodebate,speakersmaysometimesneedtofulfillrolesnotmentionedhereandspeechesmaybeconstructedtoserveotherpurposesaslongaspropositionspeakersaffirmthepropositionandoppositionspeakersopposeit.Debaterswillbejudgedontheoverallstrengthofeachteam’sarguments,notsimplyonwhetherornottheyfulfilledtherolesandresponsibilitieslistedinthetablebelow.

Allspeakers,exceptthefinalspeakersforthepropositionandopposition（PropositionandOppositionWhips）,shouldintroducenewmaterialintothedebate.Alldebaters,excepttheopeningspeaker（PrimeMinister）,shouldengageinrefutation.

SummaryofSpeakerRolesandResponsibilities

Team

Speaker

RolesandResponsibilities

FirstProposition

“PrimeMinister”

TheprimaryroleofFirstPropositionteam,initiatedinthisspeech,istoestablishthefoundationformeaningfuldebateonthemotion.

ThePrimeMinister’sresponsibilitiesmayincludesomeorallofthefollowing:

1）offerareasonableinterpretationofthemotion,2）topresentacasesupportingthatinterpretation.AcaseissimplyoneormoreargumentssupportingtheFirstProposition’sinterpretationofthemotion,and

3）OtherstrategiesdeemedimportantbythePrimeMinister.

FirstOpposition

“LeaderoftheOpposition”

TheprimaryrolesoftheFirstOppositionteamaretoconfronttheFirstGovernment’scaseandtoestablishtheFirstOpposition’sstrategyforopposingthiscase.

TheLeaderoftheOpposition’sresponsibilitiesmayincludesomeorallofthefollowing:

:

1）todirectlyorindirectlyrefutepartorallofthegovernment'scase,

2）tomakeatleastoneargumentthatdemonstrateswhytheFirstOppositionteamopposesthemotionasinterpretedbythePrimeMinister,and

3）topursueotherstrategiesdeemedimportantbythe“LeaderoftheOpposition.”

Theoppositionspeakermayalsochallengetheinterpretationofthegovernment'scaseifitisunreasonable,thatis,ifitcompletelymisinterpretsthemotionthemotionorseverelyinhibitsmeaningfuldebate.

FirstProposition

“DeputyPrimeMinister”

TheDeputyPrimeMinister’sresponsibilitiesmayincludesomeorallofthefollowing:

1）toreestablishtheFirstProposition’scasebyconfrontinganyrefutationpresentedbytheLeaderoftheOpposition,

2）torefutesomeoralloftheargumentspresentedbytheLeaderoftheOpposition.

3）tofurtherdevelopthecasepresentedbythePrimeMinister,and

4）otherstrategiesdeemedimportantbytheDeputyPrimeMinister.

FirstOpposition

"DeputyLeaderoftheOpposition"

TheDeputyLeaderoftheOpposition’sresponsibilitiesmayincludesomeorallofthefollowing:

1）tocontinuerefutationinitiatedbytheLeaderoftheOpposition,

2）toreestablishtheLeaderofOpposition’sargumentsagainstthemotion,

3）toinitiateanewargumentagainstthemotionasinterpretedbytheFirstPropositionteam,and

4）topurseotherstrategiesasdeemedimportantbytheDeputyLeaderoftheOpposition.

SecondProposition

“MemberoftheGovernment”

TheprimaryrolesoftheSecondPropositionteamaretosupporttheFirstPropositionteamwhilesimultaneouslymovingthepropositionpositioninanewandpositivedirection.

TheresponsibilitiesoftheMemberoftheGovernmentmayincludesomeorallofthefollowing:

1）tobrieflysupportthecasedevelopedbytheFirstPropositionteam,

2）tointroduceadifferentargument,sometimescalleda“caseextension”whichisconsistentwithyetdifferentfromthecaseintroducedbytheFirstPropositionteam,and

3）topursueotherstrategiesdeemedimportantbytheMemberoftheGovernment.

SecondOpposition

“MemberoftheOpposition”

TheprimaryrolesoftheSecondOppositionteamaretosupporttheFirstOppositionteamwhilesimultaneouslymovingtheoppositionpositioninanewandpositivedirection.

TheresponsibilitiesoftheMemberoftheOppositionmayincludesomeorallofthefollowing:

1）tobrieflysupportoneormoreargumentsintroducedbytheFirstOppositionteam,

2）tointroducedirectand/orindirectrefutationtothecaseextensionpresentedbytheMemberofGovernment,

3）tointroducesomenewargument,compatiblewith,butdifferentfromthatoftheFirstOppositionTeam,and

4）topursueotherstrategiesdeemedimportantbytheMemberofOpposition.

SecondProposition

“GovernmentWhip”

TheresponsibilitiesoftheGovernmentWhipmayincludesomeorallofthefollowing:

1）tosupportanynewargumentsintroducedbytheMemberofGovernment,

2）toreplytoanynewargumentsintroducedbytheMemberofOpposition,

3）tosummarizethedebatefromtheperspectiveofthePropositionTeams,especiallyfromthatoftheSecondPropositionteam,and

4）topursueotherstrategiesdeemedimportantbytheGovernmentWhip.

TheGovernmentWhipshouldnotintroducenewargumentsintothedebate.

SecondOpposition

“OppositionWhip”

TheresponsibilitiesoftheOppositionWhipmayincludesomeorallofthefollowing:

1）tosupportanynewargumentsintroducedbytheMemberofOpposition,

2）toreplytoanynewargumentsintr