江苏版英语《高考专题辅导》专题检测卷二十二 阅读理解.docx

江苏版英语《高考专题辅导》专题检测卷二十二 阅读理解.docx

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江苏版英语《高考专题辅导》专题检测卷二十二阅读理解

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专题检测卷（二十二）

阅读理解

（建议用时:

25分钟）

A

（2013·连云港模拟）

体裁

说明文

题材

学生与工作

词数

367

Forhighschoolleaversstartingoutintheworkingworld,itisveryimportanttolearnparticularskillsandpracticehowtobehaveinanintervieworhowtofindaninternship（实习）.Insomecountries,schoolshaveprogramstohelpstudentsontothepathtowork.IntheUnitedStates,however,suchprogramsarestillfewandfarbetween.

Researchshowsthatifhighschoolsprovidecareer-relatedcourses,studentsarelikelytogethigherearningsinlateryears.Thestudentsaremorelikelytostayinschool,graduateandgoontohighereducation.

InGermany,studentsasyoungas13and14areexpectedtodointernships.Germancompaniesworkwithschoolstomakesurethatyoungpeoplegettheeducationtheyneedforfutureemployment.

ButinAmerica,educationreformprogramsfocusonhowwellstudentsdoinexamsinsteadofbringingthemintocontactwiththeworkingworld.HarvardEducationschoolprofessorRobertSchwartzhascriticizededucationreformersfortryingtoplaceallgraduatesdirectlyonthefour-yearcollegetrack.Schwartzarguedthatthisapproachleavesthecountry’smostvulnerable（易受影响的）kidswithnojobsandnoskills.

Schwartzbelievedthatthebestcareerprogramsencouragekidstogoforhighereducationwhilealsoteachingthemvaluablepracticalskillsathighschool.JamesMadisonHighSchoolinNewYork,forexample,encouragesstudentstochooseclassesoncareer-basedcourses.Theschoolthenhelpsthemgainon-the-jobexperienceinthosefieldswhilethey’restillathighschool.

However,evenforteenswhoseschoolsencouragethemtoconnectwithwork,thejobmarketisdaunting.IntheUS,unemploymentratesfor16-to-19-year-oldsareabove20percentforthethirdsummerinarow.

“TheriskisthatifteenagersmissoutontheSummerjobexperience,theybecomepartofthisgenerationofteenswhohadtroubleinlandingajob,”saidMichael,aresearcherintheUS.

1.Intheauthor’sopinion,Americanhighschoolleavers　　　.

A.haveenoughcareer-relatedcourses

B.needmorecareeradvicefromtheirschools

C.performbetterinexamsthanGermanstudents

D.cangethigherearningsinlateryears

2.AccordingtoRobertSchwartz,　　　.

A.thereisnoneedforkidstogoforhighereducationintheUS

B.studentsshouldgetcontactwiththeworkingworldathighschool

C.educationreformshouldfocusonstudents’performanceinexams

D.teenagersintheUScan’tmissoutonthesummerjobexperience

3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.UnemploymentratesforUSteenagersremainhighatthemoment.

B.Studentswithcareer-basedcoursesneverhaveproblemsfindingajob.

C.UScompaniesworkwithschoolstoprepareyoungpeopleforfutureemployment.

D.Highschoolleaverswithnopracticalskillscan’tfindajobabsolutely.

4.What’sthemainideaofthetext?

A.ArgumentsaboutrecentUSeducationreform.

B.Tipsonfindingjobsforhighschoolleavers.

C.Thelackofcareer-basedcoursesinUShighschools.

D.AdviceforAmericanhighschoolleavers.

5.Theunderlinedword“daunting”inParagraph6mostprobablymeans　　　.

A.discouraging　　　　　　　B.interesting

C.creativeD.unbearable

B

体裁

议论文

题材

大脑的研究

词数

390

Whatmakeshumanssmarterthanotheranimals?

We’vegotabiggerbrain,ofcourse.Butwhenitcomestobrains,isbiggeralwaysbetter?

Traditionally,scientistshavethoughtthathumans’superiorintelligencederived（源于）mostlyfromthefactthatourbrainsarethreetimesbiggerthanthoseofournearestlivingrelatives,chimpanzees.Peopleevenusedtobelievethatbecausemenhaveslightlylargerbrainsthanwomenthatmenaresmarter.

This,however,isnotthetruth.ScientistsatUniversityCollegeLondonintheUKhavefoundthatbrainorganization,andnotbrainsize,isthekeytothesuperiorityofhumanintelligence,reportedLiveScience.

Throughmillionsofyearsofevolution,ourancestorswereconstantlypushedtogetsmartersothattheycouldmeetthedemandsofnewenvironments.However,holdingthisgrowingintelligenceinincreasinglylargebrainswasnotthebestchoicebecausebiggerbrainsrequiremoreenergytopower.“Thisiswhenreorganizationmaycomeintoplay,”saidChristopheSoligo,amemberoftheLondonresearchteam.

Inthestudy,scientistslookedatthebrainsof17speciesofprimates（灵长目动物）,includingmonkeys,apesandhumans.Theyfoundthatintheprocessofevolution,brainsdidn’tkeepgrowingasawhole.Certainregionsofthebraingrewpriortoothersinresponsetospecies’needs,andinthiswaytheycouldmakethebestuseoftheirlimitedbrainspace.

Forexample,whenearlyhumanswerestrugglingtosurvive,thebrainregioninchargeofusingtoolsandfindingfoodgrewinsizemorethanotherregions.Butinmoderntimes,theprefrontalcortex（前额皮质）—theregioninchargeofsocialcognition（认知）,moraljudgmentsandgoal-directedplanning—grewmorethantherestofthebrain.

Thinkofthebrainasaroom.Ifabigroomispoorlyorganized,itdoesn’tnecessarilystoremorestuffthanasmallerone.

PaulManger,professorattheUniversityoftheWitwatersrand,SouthAfrica,explainsthisprincipleusingtheexampleofwhales.HetoldScientificAmerican:

“Whaleshavebigbrains,absolutely.Butifyoulookattheactualstructureofthebrain,it’snotverycomplex.Brainsizeonlymattersiftherestofthebrainisorganizedproperly.”

6.Ithasrecentlybeenfoundthathumansaresmarterthantheotheranimalsmainlybecause　　　.

A.theyareaspeciesofprimates

B.theyhavemuchlargerbrains

C.theirbrainstructureismorecomplex

D.theywereconstantlypushedtogetsmarter

7.Accordingtothearticle,inrecenthumanevolution,　　　.

A.thebrainkeptgrowinginsizetoadapttonewenvironments

B.mostregionsofthebraindidn’tchange

C.theprefrontalcortexgrewmorethantherestofthebrain

D.humans’brainsbecameincreasinglysimplesothathumanscouldsurvive

8.Whatcanweconcludefromthearticle?

A.Gendermakesadifferenceinintelligence.

B.Thesizeofthebrainhasnothingtodowithintelligence.

C.Specieswhosebrainisorganizedproperlytendtobesmarter.

D.Largerbrainsareusuallyorganizedbetterthansmallerones.

9.Themethodthewriterusestodevelopthelastparagraphis　　　.

A.bypresentingresearchdata

B.bygivingexamples

C.bymakingacomparison

D.byanalyzingcauseandeffect

C

（2013·淮南模拟）

体裁

说明文

题材

年度单词

词数

273

EveryyearChrisBroganpostshisthreewordsforanewyear.ManyothersandIhavefollowedhisleadforthepastthreeorfouryears.Theyhelpedmealot.Mywordsforlastyearwere“passion”,“focus”and“delegate”andIstayedtruetothem.Thisyear,2013,mygoalsaremorepersonalandlessprofessional.

FOCUS

FocusismakingarepeatappearanceonmylistthisyearbecauseI’mtoomuchofamultitasker.TheproblemisthatIhavetroublefinishingonethingwithsomanythingscallingme.WhenIwasworkingasawriter,allmyprojectswerehandledviaaschedule,I’mputtingafitnessandhousekeepingroutineintomyschedule.

HEALTH

Igetsobusytakingcareofeveryoneelse,andIforgettotakecareofmyselfandthishastochange.Myhealthsuffersandmyweightsuffers.Ihavetogetmyhealthincheck,notonlyformebutbecauseIpromisedmy9-year-oldson.I’llmakegoodfoodandlifestylechoices.Imissbeingthin,andit’stimetogetitback.

CELEBRATE

WhatgoodishavingitifI’mnottakingtimetoenjoyit?

Ihaveawonderfuljob,ahappyfamily,andsomuchtobethankfulfor.SohowcomeIspendallmytimeworking?

Lastsummermyfamilytookourfirstvacationinfouryears,thebestthingI’vedoneformyselfandmyfamilyinalongtime.Thisyear,I’mmakingsuretotaketimetoenjoylifeandcelebrateitsmanyblessings.

Doyouhaveanywordsfor2013?

10.Theunderlinedword“multitasker”probablyreferstoapersonwho　　　.

A.makesalivingbywriting

B.alwaysfailstofinishataskontime

C.hasseveralthingstodoatthesametime

D.paysmoreattentiontofitnessandhousekeeping

11.Whydoesthewriterhave“HEALTH”asoneofhisthreewords?

A.Hewantstotakebettercareofothers.

B.He’sgainingweightandfeelingbad.

C.Hedidnottakeanyexerciseinthepast.

D.Hegottheideafromhisson.

12.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Theword“CELEBRATE”canremindthewritertoenjoylife.

B.Thewriterhasavacationwithhisfamilyeveryfouryears.

C.Theword“FOCUS”canhelpthewriterfocusonhisfamily.

D.Thewriterusedtobeoverweightforlackofexercise.

13.Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe　　　.

A.ThreeWordsfor2013

B.HealthShouldGoFirst

C.KeepOrganized

D.Goalsfor2013

【拓展训练】

阅读B篇文章,翻译并分析长难句:

Traditionally,scientistshavethoughtthathumans’superiorintelligencederivedmostlyfromthefactthatourbrainsarethreetimesbiggerthanthoseofournearestlivingrelatives,chimpanzees.

句意:

_______________________________________________________________

分析:

第一个that引导_______从句,第二个that引导_______从句,强调_______的内容。

答案解析

A

　　【文章大意】本文主要通过与德国中学作比较说明在美国中学里还很缺乏有关职业生涯的基本课程。

1.【解析】选B。

观点态度题。

第一段最后一句“然而,在美国,这一类的课程项目几乎没有或者是远远不够”,以及第四、五段作者通过Schwartz的观点其认为,学生在上高中时就应该得到来自学校的关于工作经历方面的帮助,表达出了作者的观点为B。

2.【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据第六段However,evenforteenswhoseschoolsencouragethemtoconnectwithwork,thejobmarketisdaunting.可知“学生在高中时期就应该与以后的工作世界相联系”。

3.【解析】选A。

推理判断题。

根据第六段IntheUS,unemploymentratesfor16-to-19-year-oldsareabove20percentforthethirdsummerinarow.可知。

4.